Here is my work on what is required to transform the public sector in Canada.

1. Reforming the Public
Sector (Federal,
Provincial, and Local
Government
PAUL YOUNG CPA CGA
OCTOBER 13, 2020

2. Paul Young - Bio
• CPA, CGA
• Academia (PF1, FA4 and MS2)
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Close, Consolidate and Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – Emerging Technology
• SME – Financial Solutions
• SME – Business Process Change
• SME – Supply Chain Management
Contact information:
Paul_Young_CGA@Hotmail.com

3. Municipal
and Local
Government
1. Debt
2. Taxation
3. Operational Expenses
4. Pandemic / COVI19 Impact
5. A need for Rural vs Urban Strategy
6. Broken Arbitration
7. Infrastructure
8. Housing
9. Public Safety / Policing
10. Public Safety / Firefighting
11. Social policy and Tax fairness
12. Healthcare
13. Education
14. Summary
15. Training/Learning Development

4. Debt
Source - https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/9e9c7f5f-1115-422f-a6f7-793a50bef142/ e -

5. Debt
Source - https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/9e9c7f5f-1115-422f-a6f7-793a50bef142/ e -

6. Economy
Source - https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/9e9c7f5f-1115-422f-a6f7-793a50bef142/ e -

7. Taxation

8. Operational
Expenses
• PBO has said social benefits and not headcount has led to higher
spending - https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/pbo-more-spending-not-
more-workers-driving-costs-for-federal-employees-1.1492043
• Fraser Institute the stimulus had a good chunk of waste -
https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/federal-government-wasting-
billions-on-poorly-targeted-assistance

9. Pandemic /
COVID19
1. City of Windsor shortfall “An administrative report shows $11.2-million in lost revenue
at the end of April.” - https://www.iheartradio.ca/am800/news/pandemic-having-major-
impact-on-city-finances-1.12325586
2. City of Regina shortfall – “Regina city council has approved a plan to make up for a
$20.7-million shortfall projected by the end of September due to the COVID-19
pandemic.” - https://leaderpost.com/news/local-news/regina-city-council-approves-
plan-to-make-up-projected-20-7-million-shortfall/
3. FCM –” FCM’s data shows municipalities facing a minimum of $10-15 billion in near-
term, non-recoverable losses due to COVID-19. That figure includes foregone property
taxes, utility charges and user fees—including an estimated $400 million each month
from lost transit ridership alone. At the same time, municipalities are taking
unprecedented steps to support public health and safety.” https://fcm.ca/en/news-
media/news-release/covid-19-municipalities-seek-emergency-funding
4. US federal government provided local/municipal government support- “The US
Congress recently allotted US$67.5 billion for direct support to municipalities in its
COVID-19 relief package. Some experts believe a commensurate package for Canadian
municipalities would be in the range of $10 billion. CUPE represents almost 200,000
workers in the municipal sector who work in public transit, sanitation, roads, water,
planning, public health, child care, and more. Their essential work touches the lives of
Canadians every day. ” - https://business.financialpost.com/pmn/press-releases-
pmn/business-wire-news-releases-pmn/local-governments-need-federal-help-now-says-
canadas-largest-union
5. Education - https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/july-2020/cutting-post-secondary-
budgets-during-covid-a-bad-move/
6. Education directors - https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/hamilton/ontario-school-board-
director-leaving-1.5708110
7. Cost of Education - https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/covid-classrooms-
collapse-trustees-ontario-1.5708005

10. Rural vs
Urban
Strategy
2019 Election – Municipal Affairs
This is all about economic opportunity. People
will select a community based on their career
objectives.
@justintrudea supports large urbanized areas
as that is his base
@andrewscheer was part of a govt that
provided allot of support to rural areas.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/201
9-election-rural-areas-and-affairs-canada

11. Reforming Public Sector
Compensation
Public Sector employees on average are paid about 12% more than the private sector. The cost of
labor in the government is about 50% of every dollar spent by government. There needs to be real
reforms when it comes to government compensation -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-government-compensation-to-employees or
https://www.fraserinstitute.org/tags/public-sector-compensation

12. Broken
Arbitration
City of Mississauga Fire Fighters – https://www.mississauga.com/news-story/7382325-city-of-mississauga-and-firefighters-union-
prepping-for-arbitration-to-settle-labour-dispute/
City of Owen Sound Fire Fighters - http://www.owensoundsuntimes.com/2017/01/17/owen-sound-aims-to-stem-fire-costs
Stratford City Police covering St.Marys - https://www.ourperth.ca/news-story/7144384-repercussions-in-perth-south-discussed-
due-to-st-marys-swap-to-stratford-police/
OPP costs hurting Municipalities - http://www.torontosun.com/2014/02/21/ontario-municipalities-and-ontario-provincial-police-
face-rising-policing-costs
London Fire Fighters - http://globalnews.ca/news/3377263/firefighters-city-of-london-reach-tentative-contract-after-nearly-7-
year-dispute/
Espanola Police - http://www.thesudburystar.com/2016/12/01/espanola-considers-going-with-opp-service
Public Safety and Kathleen Wynne - http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/police-services-act-reform-strategy-for-safer-
ontario-1.3969134
Brockville and OPP - http://www.recorder.ca/2016/09/15/brockville-police-service-lauded-as-costing-looms
Suspended Officers - http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/sunshine-list-police-officers-suspended-with-pay-1.4053012
Paramedics and Fire Department - http://tvo.org/article/current-affairs/the-next-ontario/why-ontarios-paramedics-dont-want-
firefighters-performing-emergency-care
Paramedics - http://cfjctoday.com/article/557388/paramedics-call-same-bargaining-rights-police-and-fire

13. Broken
Arbitration
Summary:
The current arbitration system is not based on a city’s ability to pay, but what other
departments are getting in terms of raises and compensation. A good union lawyer will
will research how other departments are paid including salary increases and wages
Councilors have complained for years that system is broken, but have done little in
terms of requesting the government to fix the arbitration settlement
Many cities, towns, municipalities, etc. are now re-looking at how they contained their
public safety costs. Some cities are now looking at composite department (Full-Time
and Part-time) or re-configuring their stations or outsourcing to OPP or cutting back the
the # of patrols by the OPP in their area.
Public Sector employees in general make about 12% more than people in the private
sector. Many municipal governments are strapped for cash as such are making tough
decision on their public safety budgets in terms of cost containment.
Other Sources
Public Safety – https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policies-public-
safety-canada-june-2017
Municipal - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policies-and-issues-
issues-municipalities-and-cities-canada-june-2017

14. Infrastructure
@justintrudeau said there would emphasis on
infrastructure through different funding like
the infrastructure bank. The problem is the
infrastructure bank has done little in terms of
getting projects off the ground.
@andrewscheer was part of a govt that set up
dedicated funding for infrastructure
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/201
9-election-construction-and-business-
investment-canada-june-2019

15. Housing
It is time for all levels government to look at innovator solutions when it comes to building affordable
housing
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/urban-and-rural-planning-whats-next
Building codes need to revamp to deal with 3-D housing
All levels government need to look at proper land management -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/why-do-politicians-play-games-with-the-environment

16. Public Safety / Policing
All levels of government need to re-look at how police departments work for their local communities:
Policing / Canada
https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/erick-laming/police-body-cameras-canada_b_14410866.html
https://www.priv.gc.ca/en/privacy-topics/surveillance/police-and-public-safety/gd_bwc_201502/
Policing Review
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/crime-and-polcing-canada-and-usa

17. Public Safety / Firefighting
All urban and rural firefighting need to re-look at how they operate
Training
Equipment
Firefighting Techniques
Options:
Arial Firefighting - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WFqThcMIN7A
Cost of Firefighting - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/heavy-cost-firefighting-and-fire-services-canada

18. Social Policy and Tax Fairness
1. All levels of government need to review all their social programs to ensure they are getting value money including achieving the defined
outcomes - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/designing-social-programs-and-tax-fairness-policies
2. All levels of government need to revised their tax policies as part of tax fairness - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/does-the-
world-need-a-wealth-tax
3. Any changes to welfare payments including UBI should be tied to outcomes including training programs. The goal of any UBI welfare
programs is to support people as part of their career transitioned and/or to help those that need it the most (Seniors and Disable) -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-employment-insurance-and-cerb-canada-august-2020
4. More needs to be done address the delivery of healthcare - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-does-the-world-reform-
healthcare
5. Education needs an overhaul including how students are protected from current and future pandemics -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/education-transforming-of-education-canada-and-around-the-world There is also a need for
education to better aligned with jobs of today and tomorrow including changes to apprenticeship programs, i.e. trades, technology, etc. -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/human-capital-management-of-existing-and-future-employees

19. Performance and Operational
Audits
There is a need to reform the governance models for all levels of government as part bringing in more
transparency, accountability, and open government - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/the-
role-of-operational-and-performancebased-auditing-on-government-and-the-private-sector

20. Healthcare
Healthcare will continue face pressures due to many factors
◦ Aging populations
◦ High cost of drugs
◦ Miss management and waste
◦ Healthcare business model will need to be revamp as part ensuring healthcare spending is sustainable
◦ Source - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-does-the-world-transform-healthcare-238832381

21. Education
Education will continue face pressures due to many factors
◦ High cost of instruction (Salaries, benefits and Pension)
◦ Class size
◦ Online learning
◦ Aligning education with the jobs of today and tomorrow
◦ ARC analysis of schools (closures, consolidations, new schools)
◦ The need to unify school boards (Catholic and Public)
◦ Consolidation of School Boards
◦ Post-Secondary - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/postsecondary-education-outcomes-canada
◦ Education - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/education-transforming-of-education-canada-and-
around-the-world
◦ Human Capital Management (Private and Public Sector) - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/human-
capital-management-skills-and-education

22. Lessons learned from Pandemic
1. All levels government need to work together to ensure key aspects of the supply chain like medical equipment,
medical supplies, and pharmaceutical are manufactured locally
2. More audits to ensure strategic supplies of medical supplies like respirators, masks, and other equipment are
available including have not expired
3. The world needs to be more coordinated with its response to any geo-political event like a pandemic
4. More work on baseline data and contact tracing needs to happen with future monitoring of outbreak as long as
PIPEDA or EUGDPR or other privacy rules are not violated. Annual audits of monitoring should be undertaken to
protect privacy
5. More oversight including performance audits from UN and its organization like WHO
1. Source - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/management-of-a-pandemic-crisis-238842009

23. Summary
1. There are many issues facing municipal and local government that need to be
address as part of reforming government. Stressing tax fairness and delivering
program spending with value for money.
2. All levels of government need to have audited crisis and risk management
plans - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/crisis-management-how-
best-to-managed-a-crisi
3. More balanced between the economy and the environment -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-best-support-a-circular-
economy
4. More emphasis on economic development as part of expanding the tax base. -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/getting-goods-to-market-what-
needs-to-happen-by-all-levels-of-government or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canadas-gdp-july-2020
5. More emphasis on reforming public sector compensation -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-public-sector-
efficiency-canada-july-2019
6. Innovation needs to be considered in terms of addressing the issues facing
infrastructure - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-
infrastructure-analysis-of-policy-238326543
7. Innovation needs to be considered in terms of fixing systemic issues with
housing - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/housing-market-canada-
august-2020

24. Training and
Development
If you like to learn more about trade and/or other
subjects as part of your professional learning and
development then feel free to review my material
on https://www.udemy.com/ (search Paul Young
CPA CGA)
These subjects address how to fixed issues with
housing and/or systemic issues related to economy
including government policies