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1. Mechanical Engineering Department
Submitted By -
Name CHAITAN OLA
Section M-1
Roll No. : 14ECTME011
Sem : 8th
Submitted to-
SAJJAN SINGH BAJIYA
Assistant Professor
Title:-CAMLESS ENGINE

2. Overview
CAM
WORKING OF CONVENTIONAL ENGINE
CAMLESS ENGINE
WHY CAMLESS ENGINE
OVERVIEW OF CAMLESS ENGINE
WORKING OF CAMLESS ENGINE
TYPE OF CAMLESS MECHANISMS
 ELECTRO MECHANICAL POPPET VALVE
ELECTRO MECHANICAL BALL VALVE
ELECTRO MECHANICAL HYDRAULIC VALVE
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
CURRENT APPLICATION
CONCLUSION

3. CAM
•Control the breathing channels
(valves) of an IC engine
•Connected to camshaft which is
operated by crankshaft
•Cams push open valves at proper
time & guide their closure

4. Working Of Conventional Engines
• The crankshaft turns
camshaft which operates
valves by mechanism
• Spring brings back valve to
initial position
• Timing of engine valves
depends on shape of cams

5. CAMLESS ENGINE
The new emerging technology for automotive
technology are the Camless engine which the
engine does not have camshaft to lift the both
intake and exhaust valve.
Eliminated mechanical linkages
Could provide infinite variation of
valve parameters
It can make engines clean,
efficient & responsive

6. WHY CAM LESS ENGINES ?
Infinitely variable valve
timing .
 More torque is made
available throughout the
rev-range.
 Increases durability and
engine life .
 Valve train weight which
limits the rotational speed
at which the engine can
operate is reduced .

7. OVER VIEW OF CAMLESS ENGINE
 To eliminate the cam , camshaft & other connected
mechanisms , the cam less engine makes use of three
vital components, the sensors , ECU (electronic control
unit) & actuator .
component
sensors
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL UNIT
ACTUATOR

8. Working Of Camless Engines
• Sensors sense parameters & send signals
to ECU
• ECU contains microprocessors with
associated software
• This ECU controls the actuators to work
according to requirements
• Valeo estimates that the efficiency of a
camless engine would be 20% greater
than a comparable camshaft-operated
engine.

9. Types Of Camless Mechanisms
• Electromechanical Poppet Valves
• Electromechanical Ball Valves
• Electro-hydraulic Poppet Valves

10. Electromechanical Poppet Valves
• Early systems employed
solenoid and magnetic
attraction/repulsion was
used on an iron or
ferromagnetic armature.
• It is replaced with a current-
carrying armature coil.
• A magnetic field is
generated by a magnetic
field generator and directed
across the fixed air gap.

11. • The force generated on the
armature coil drives the
armature coil linearly in the gap
in a direction parallel with the
valve stem.
• Depending on the direction of
the current supplied to the
armature coil. The valve will be
driven toward an open or closed
position.

12. Electromechanical Ball Valves
• It consists of a ball through
which there is a passage passes.
• If the ball is rotated such that
passage lines up with other
openings in the valve assembly,
gas can pass through it.
• The disc is permanently attached
and indexed to the ball valve
and contains permanent magnets
around its perimeter.
• A crank trigger sensor on the
crankshaft provides information
about the position of the piston
relative to top dead center.

13. Electromechanical Ball Valves
• Electromechanical valve train
implementation would not be
possible with a normal 12v
electrical system.
• The automotive industry has
chosen a 42v electrical system as
the next automotive standard.
• The valve housing arrangement
in a four stroke reciprocation
piston engine eliminates all the
independent moving parts in the
valve train.

14. Advantages
• Offers continuously variable & independent control of all
aspects of valve motion - lift, operation duration, event of
opening
• ECU system can control valve velocity, valve acceleration
and deceleration
• Better fuel economy- 7 to 10 % increase
• Higher torque & power- 10 to 15 % increase
• Lower exhaust emissions
• Reduction in size & weight

15. Disadvantages
• High Cost
• Increased power consumption
• Air gap between the solenoids may demand a
higher magnitude of current during certain
periods
• Current solenoids cannot run at high rpms

16. Current application of camless engine
• Camless valve trains
using solenoids or
magnetic system are
being investigated by
BMW and fiat.
• They are being
prototyped by Valeo
and Ricardo.
• Used in the new fiat
500.

17. Conclusion
Even though some disadvantages are present, we can
expect electrohydraulic & electromechanical valves
to replace the conventional camshaft technology.

18. Thanks