s2 student

1. Tuesday, June 23, 2015 water, pollution, solution,& solubility
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WATER: This is an oxide of hydrogen which has hydrogen
to oxygen ratio as 2:1.it is referred to as universal solvent
because water dissolves almost all the world (i.e. solid, liquid
&Gas).
Oxygen
Hydrogen
H2O = Water
=

3. Tuesday, June 23, 2015 water, pollution, solution,& solubility 3
We drink water everyday…

4. We use water everyday…We use water everyday…

5. Collect and recycle
rinsing water
to water plant
The human body is over 6o percent water and it is present
in equally the same amount in plants.

6. Wash vegetable or fruit in bowl

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12. removed by boiling but by
a. Addition Of Washing Soda(Na2CO3.10H2O)
Na2CO3 + CaSO4 → CaCO3(aq) + Na2SO4(aq)
(soluble) (insoluble)
Na2CO3 + CaSO4 → CaCO3(aq) + Na2SO4(aq)
soluble) (insoluble)
b. Caustic Soda, (NaOH)
NaOH + CaSO4 →Ca(OH)2 + Na2SO4(aq)
c. ion exchange method:
CaSO4+NaY→CaY + Na2SO4
(resin) (insoluble)
Types of hard water
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Hard Water Soft Water
Contains
Minerals such as calcium
and magnesium
Sodium
Reaction with soap Film Suds
Problems
Leaves deposit called
“scale”
None
Lather formation
Doesn't form lather with
detergents
Forms lather with
detergents
Removed by
Permutit process, by
exchange of ions

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WATER FILTER

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3.Disinfection by adding chemicals like
chlorine to kill germs and bacteria, iodine
and fluorine to prevent goiter and tooth
decay respectively.

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water, pollution, solution,& solubility
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26

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The discharge of waste substances into
the environment in quantities that are
harmful to human beings is known as
pollution.

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The materials and energy that cause
pollution are called pollutants. Examples of
pollutants are Acids, Soaps and Detergents,
Alcohol, Crude Oils, Chemical compounds
such as Lead Sulphide, fertilizers,
herbicides, etc.
Crude Oils
Soaps and Detergents

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(a).Crude oil spill

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IndustrIal
and agrIcultural
waste

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Refuge and sewage

33. Thank You !