3. Conditionals
• They have a
• main clause
• A subordinate or “if clause”
• Both the conditional and the subordinate clause can start the
sentence, but if the subordinate clause comes first, then you must
remember to use a comma.
• If I were a rich man, I will build a big house.
• I will build a big house if I were a rich man.
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4. Form for CONDITIONALS
• First Conditional:
• If + present simple + will + base form
• Second conditional:
• If + past simple + would + base form
• Third conditional:
• If + past perfect + would + have + past participle
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5. Zero Conditional to talk about
the present
• We use it to talk about general truths and
things we believe to be true generally
• If + present simple + present simple
• If I am sad, he is happy.
• If I am (not) sad, he is (not) happy.
• Is he happy if I am sad?
• He is happy if I am sad.
• If you heat water, it boils
• If you travel to Madrid, it is best to take the train.
• It is best to take the train if you travel to Madrid.
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6. Second Conditional to talk about
the present
• We use it to talk about things in the present that
are hypothetical. Things we think are unlikely or
impossible, or things that are opposite of the facts
• If + past simple, + would + base form
• If I worked around here, I’d walk to the office.
• If I were a millionaire, I would have a castle in Ireland.
• If he were younger, he would come with us.
• If I had wings, I would fly to Majorca.
• * We use were with to be for all the persons.
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7. First conditional to refer to the future
• It is used to talk about things that are possible and may happen in the
future
• If
• Unless (if not)
• If I go to Paris, I will visit the Tour Eiffel
Negative
• If you don’t come for lunch, I will cook paella.
• If you come for lunch, I won’t cook paella.
• If you don’t come for lunch, I won’t cook paella
Interrogative
Will + base form + if + present
• Will you come if I cook paella?
+ present simple, + will + base form
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8. Second Conditional to talk about
the present
• We use it to talk about things in the present that
are hypothetical. Things we think are unlikely or
impossible, or things that are opposite of the facts
• If + past simple, + would + base form
• If I worked around here, I’d walk to the office.
• If I were a millionaire, I would have a castle in Ireland.
• If he were younger, he would come with us.
• If I had wings, I would fly to Majorca.
• * We use were with to be for all the persons.
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9. First conditional to refer to the future
• It is used to talk about things that are possible and may happen in the
future
• If
• Unless (if not)
• If I go to Paris, I will visit the Tour Eiffel
Negative
• If you don’t come for lunch, I will cook paella.
• If you come for lunch, I won’t cook paella.
• If you don’t come for lunch, I won’t cook paella
Interrogative
Will + base form + if + present
• Will you come if I cook paella?
+ present simple, + will + base form
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