Application Lifecycle Management ( Alm )

Application Lifecycle Management ( Alm )
Tool Report
Date: 11/25/2016 Srikanth Reddy Kalvakuntla
Tool Name: Test Track 2016.0.2
Team Name: Amigos Veeresh Kotekal Methukula
Niharika Doppalapudi
Mohammed Siddiqui
< Testing Tool > Data
I. Vendor Information
Seapine Software, Inc. is a privately held organization whose application lifecycle management (ALM) solutions
help organizations deal with the way toward growing top notch complex items–regularly in controlled
businesses. Their honor winning ALM solutions drive the formation of perceived brands, life–sparing restorative
gadgets, even diversions of the year. From a locally situated startup established in 1995, Seapine has developed
into a multinational organization with the central station in Cincinnati, Ohio, and workplaces in Europe, Asia–
Pacific, and Africa with more than 8,500 clients around the world [1].
Milestones:
Established 1995
Clients all over world 8500 Table 1: Milestones
Overview:
Revenue $10 – $100 million
Employees 10 – 100Exact Employee Count Available in Premium Report
Primary Industry N/A
Table 2: Overview
II. Functionality
Test track is a cross–platform issue management solution which tracks and manages the defects, feature requests,
change the requests. It creates, manages thousands of test cases, prints and distributes test case instructions to
manual testers. It improves the team collaboration by streamlining the testing lifecycle with automatic
assignments and notifications. It also customizes the workflow to follow the QA
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Essay about Santa Cruz Bicycles
Critical Facts Introduction and Growth: Santa Cruz Bicycles (SCB) is a company started in 1993 by a former
professional skateboarder Rob Roskopp who teamed with fellow skaters Mike Marquez and Rich Novak. The
company evolved from manufacturing "simply advanced" full suspension bikes in 1993 to today's "cutting edge"
performance bikes known for their unique Virtual Pivot Point (VPP) system. (Santa Cruz Bicycles, 2014) A
company who had a revenue of $6 million in 1990's increased its sales by more than 40 percent a year. (Duvall,
2007) Journey with the new suspension system, VPP: After acquiring the patent for their VPP from Outland
Bikes in 1999 (Roskopp, 2001), the first prototype of the frame designed by VPP suspension system after ...
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This shows their never–say–die attitude to improvise. (Santa Cruz Bicycles, 2008) The Outcome: o "Product
design time shortened from 22 to 14 months. o Suspension design iterations increased from <10 to >100 per
model o Warranty claims decreased by 70% o Distinctive look makes Santa Cruz unique in a competitive
market." (Graney, 2009) Joe Graney, Director of Engineering explains that they have nearly doubled revenues
since 2007, despite the prevailing economic turmoil and attributes their growth solely due to the implementation
of PTC's Creo software. This has also enabled the company to create more innovative new models every year.
(Shepherd, 2013) Analysis All the promotional buzz in the industry won't make a poorly mechanized bike good.
Similarly, all the 3D modelling or PLM software in the industry won't result in much unless the people leading it
are determined to build an outstanding product. Santa Cruz Bicycle's passion for bikes stand as a testament to
their desire to make the best possible designs that they can be proud of. Apart from their zeal to produce great
bikes, is it the software that helped them achieve the pinnacle? Or is it the change in their processes? Or is it
their collaboration with PTC that worked out? Or is it their culture which made the difference? Or is the
alignment of Information systems with their business model? Or is the people who make

Production Of A Product Line
Abstract– Everything that needs to be manufactured requires a 'precise' Bill of Materials (BoM) which described
exactly what specific items, components or parts composed the products that has been specified / ordered. For
complex configured products, such as mass–produced passenger cars, the vehicle that is ordered by the client is
configured to his / her requirements – on the basis of an all–possible option in a 'configurable BoM' i.e. the
150% BoM from which all–possible 'configured BoM variants' or the 100% BoMs can be created. The 150%
BoM is just another name for a variant structure, or more specifically, a configurable BoM which contains the
'art of the possible' of a product line. A variant BoM contains more parts and assemblies than actually needed to
assemble the (final) product – the 150% of the parts. In Manufacturing terms, variant BoMs can be used
specifically for Assembled–To–Order or ETO (Engineered–To– Order). Variant management helps to find the
best combination of standard components and custom components which balances customer's product
requirements and product costs. This paper will give information on the process towards creating & integrating
the variants within the PLM for WARMAN and ISOGATE brand products. In the Engineer – to – order (ETO)
products and equipment industry, Manufacturers build products designed to specific requirements. The
challenges faced by the manufacturer's sales team while handling customer requirements

Consumer Confidence : Product Lifecycle Pricing
Consumer Confidence in CSR Brands Product lifecycle pricing provides the firm a systematic way of
understanding the true price of a product, including externalities, in their product creation process. In
traditionally, the company only considers the costs of the end product. For instance, a company creating a
product with multiple components sourced from various manufacturers looks at quality and price of the
components to manage the costs of the final end product. Product lifecycle pricing encourages a company to
consider the full cost of the subcomponents that make up the final product. Full cost includes not only quality,
but a quantitative price attached to each step from the impact to the earth when extracting the materials for the
product, the energy used to build the product, the living wage and working conditions of the people who
manufactured the product, the impact to the environment in the community where the product was
manufactured, and the disposal of the product at the end of its product life (Chandler, & Werther, 2014). If a
CSR promoting company does not fully evaluate and understand the lifecycle, starting from the very beginning
of the product creation steps, they run the risk of exposing their brand, and reducing brand equity, due to
negative press in the event that poor CSR practices occurs anywhere along the lifecycle. Additionally, CSR
positively affects supplier behaviors in the business–to–business (B2B) marketplace (Pai, Lai, Chiu, & Yang,

Csr And Product Lifecycle And Its Components Essay
CSR is a very relevant and important piece of any company's marketing equation. In the past, it was not even a
consideration but with the education and affluence of today's consumer, a company must address CSR on some
level if it expects to be successful in the future. When looking at CSR, the product lifecycle and its components
are more relevant than ever before. An organizations true commitment to follow through on CSR and product
lifecycle can truly affect the company's success and reputation. Some consumer might be swayed by product
certification logos as they represent corporate CSR and can instill brand trust to certain consumers. As today's
consumer and marketplace is demanding and knowledgeable; an organization is wise to listen as they speak with
their wallets and step up its CSR program. Product Lifecycle and Lifecycle Pricing Pricing is an important
aspect in examining the stages of the product lifecycle: raw materials extraction, materials processing, product
manufacturing, wholesale and retail outlets, purchasing and consumers and product waste and recycling.
Lifecycle pricing exist to bring to light all aspects of the product's lifecycle and the true price/cost it incurs.
Lifecycle cost can be defined as "the total estimated cost to be incurred in the design, development, production,
operation, maintenance, support, and final disposition of a major system over its anticipated useful life span".
(Hassn, Zaina, 2014) There is much to be studied here in

Obesity In America Essay
Here is a photo, a man lying on the beach chair and watching on the magazine in his own yard, and the other
side is his wife use weeding machine leisurely mowing on the lawn. This advertisement basically showing us
how is this weeding machine easy to use because even a woman can feel easy to use this machine, and if you
buy it you will be well as the man on the photo to seat on the chair. But the question is, is that possible people
will feel easy while they use the weeding machine or it is just a falsehood made from marketer? The biggest
problem in America is all kind of misleading advertisement around Americans. It isn't common to see people go
to gym in China, but it is in America. Is Americans have good life style than Chinese? Or there are some reasons
caused that happened? The research shows that more than two–thirds (68.8 percent) of adults are considered to
be overweight or obese in U.S.; On the other hand, there are only 15% adults consider as obesity in China. In the
article "When Good Celebrities Promote Bad Foods" Sifferlin Alexandra states that celebrities' promotion of
unhealthy food and drinks. For instance, "Beyonce and Shaquille O'Neal, both of whom also endorse sodas,
which are a major contributor to the obesity epidemic"(2). As we all know Beyonce, she is a popular singer, and
she has a good stature which most people covet for, and also Shaquille O'Neal who is a famous basketball star,
he had won a lot of championship rings with his strong

Augat Electronics Essay
Augat Electronics Inc.
– A Case Analysis
1. Critical Issues
Canadian market for Cable TV connectors is expected to grow substantially in the coming years. Given the
current product quality and the maturity in Value Added Services provided by the Cable TV companies, the basis
for purchasing decisions seems to be changing. Given the current market share that Augat has and situation, it
will be of at most importance to penetrate one or more of the multiple service operators (MSOs) that dominate
the Canadian market. Augat believes that Snap–N–Seal might be the product that would help Augat reach
mainstream status
The most significant problems in this case as far as Augat goes is their decision(s) pertaining to
a. Pricing Strategy in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, a lower price might provide a lower perceived value by the MSOs, poor product quality as the reason
for the lower price. So Augat would be better off pricing the Snap–N–Seal connector comparable to Raychem's.
By doing so, the company will be able gain better margins on their product. Additionally, the price will not be
suspect to scrutiny. Although this strategy, enables the company to compare itself to Raychem in terms of price
and quality it will possibly make it more difficult to persuade the MSO to purchase the product. This is
exasperated by the fact that the tools necessary for the Snap–N–Seal connector are a capital budgeting decision
that represents a considerable investment for the cable provider.
For the problem on distribution partner, Augat has the option to stick with White Radio, or to seek new
partnerships in distribution like Anixter Canada, or Deskin Sales. Though this would help Augat enhance the
coverage in terms of suppliers (or end–users) and a potential increase in market presence. However, on the other
hand, Augat would lose the exclusive relationship it was with White Radio, knowing White Radio's Steve Quinn'
knowledge about Cable TV MSO's approval process. In addition, the other distribution companies also carry
competitor's products and there is no guarantee that they would push

Designing A Sustainable Competitive Advantage For...
As a set of business activities that add value to goods and services sold to consumers, retailing involves key
strategies in order to build a sustainable, competitive advantage for companies (Peterson & Balasubramanian,
2002). These strategies involve identifying a retailer's target market and satisfying those needs. Through
observing the retail strategy used by the company T2, this essay will ascertain and analyse their retail mix in
order to determine the competitive advantage T2 has and whether it is sustainable or not.
Before T2 can be analysed in terms of the retailing strategy used, it must first be defined as a retail outlet. It is a
speciality, store–based, franchise organisation (Reynolds et al., 2007) that was founded over 18 years ago by an
interior designer named Maryanne Shearer (Shearer, The Making of T2, 2015). Beginning as a retail store in
Fitzroy, Australia, it was seen as an opportunity to re–invent tea for the new generations to come; to make tea
fashionable. T2 has expanded its reach to over 65 stores worldwide, including New Zealand. All of the T2 retail
stores provide a sensory experience for the customers, allowing them to explore the immersive world of tea
drinking (Shearer, Philosophy, 2015). T2's move over to New Zealand occurred in 2013, with the opening of the
Queen Street store. This store will be analysed in terms of retail mix and strategies.
The retail strategy of a company outlines the retailer's target market, the plan that will be

Mcdonald 's Supply Chain Management Essay
Supply Chain Management in the Service Industry Firms such as McDonald's and Wallmatt, which operate in
the service industry, have branches internationally and nationally. They open stores in various regions of the
globe with the primary objective of providing their target client's with seamless experiences while utilizing this
opportunity to expand their business in emerging markets. Compared to manufacturing industries, intangible
sales characterise service industries as they greatly rely on people's ethics, experiences, education. Moreover, the
utilization of management in this industry is not yet mature (Lambert, 2008).
McDonald's Supply Chain Specifically, McDonald's is experiencing various challenges in its supply chain. By
virtue of operating in more than 100 countries and serving individuals with chicken nuggets and hamburgers, the
company requires an on–going and large supply of beef products to enhance the production of beef–based items
and hamburgers (Love, 2008). Because of the company's purchase volume, McDonald's sources its raw
materials, such as beef trims, from a wide range of suppliers. Subsequently, the beef trims are processed and
shipped to the company's distribution centres. In addition, the company experiences increased costs of
production due to its manufacturing capacity, region–specific demand, and distribution/processing of its
products. As a result, the company plans to optimize its sources, supply mix, and freight cost as well as establish
a

Zara Is A Non Domestic Retailer Company Essay
Analysis of Zara
Name:
Course:
Institution:
Abstract
Zara is a non–domestic retailer company that offers a wide array of clothing for young adults, children men, and
women. The first company store was opened in 1975 in the nation of Spain. However, it has been able to expand
its operation in other countries such as United Kingdom, India, Japan, Mexico, and Canada. Zara has been able
to maintain its position in the fashion market which is highly competitive as a result of its constant and latest
change in trend. The apparel market is usually driven by the consumer (Zara Website). Based on the fact that
new technologies and globalization have availed to the customer enhanced and improved access to fashion, the
core objective of any organization that is competing in the industries depends on the meeting the needs of the
consumers. As such, Zara has focused its attempts on the evolving and developing consumer–oriented product
lines as it strives in meeting the needs of customers of different income and age. The middle–aged parents
purchase clothes at the retail stores because they are cheap while the children purchase merchandise from the
stores for it is trendy and fashionable. The company has a wide array of clothing and product lines as per the
market needs. The company has a distinct fashion approach and constant response to the ever–evolving trends.
The objective of Zara is relation to combining low prices and fashion, adapting and interpreting the

The Product Lifecycle: An Analysis of Two Successful Products
The Product Lifecycle
Introduction
Of the many strategies and initiatives that companies engage in, new product development and product
introductions say more about how well a company orchestrates its many systems, processes and strategies
internally. The new product development and introduction process is responsible fro over 60% of the revenue of
a given company (McNally, Akdeniz, Calantone, 2011). The importance of orchestrating branding, marketing
strategy, new product development, the product launch, and after sales and service into a single unified strategic
initiative is critical for a company to earn back their investment (McNally, Akdeniz, Calantone, 2011).
Analysis of Two Successful Products
In evaluating the new product development and introduction process, two products that have been successful are
first analyzed. The first, the Apple iPad2, from a long–standing, highly successful and profitable company is
used in this analysis. The second, the Tesla automobile, a new product from a young company, is also in
included. The Apple iPad2 is in the growth stage of the product lifecycle, and is the result of brand and product
repositioning efforts by Apple to further the product lifecycle of the Apple iPad series. There is much debate in
the high tech industry of whether the Apple iPad Mini will cannibalize the iPad2 sales, yet to date according to
Apple's financial statements, this is not the case. Apple excels at product and institutional branding, and also

Understanding Machine Hours And Its Effect On The Cost Of...
Understanding Machine Hours At its core, a cost driver is any factor that is literally driving or influencing the
cost of something. Over the past century, there has been a shift from single cost drivers to companies now
reviewing several cost drivers. The combination of more sophistication in manufacturing and growth in
customers needs and demands means that direct labor can no longer be the central cost driver. Overhead costs
have increased drastically and have had a dramatic effect on the profit and competitiveness of manufacturing
organizations. They account for a large percentage of a company's total value and as a result, they have forced
management to recognize its effects. "Manufacturing overhead, which includes all manufacturing costs other
than direct materials and direct labor, has increased significantly due to automation, product diversity and
product complexity" (p. 14–18,). When accounting for these costs, a machine hour is defined as "the operation of
one machine for one hour used as a basis for cost finding and for determining operating effectiveness"
*Merriam–Webster. A company that employs the use of machines extensively, such as a manufacturing
company, would be best served by using machine hours to analyze costs.
Schemes, Machine Hours and ABC
Should ABC opt to utilize machine hours as a cost driver, they would be operating under the most well–known
classification schemes, known as the manufacturing cost hierarchy. The manufacturing cost

Snap On Case Study
How did Snap–on tools plan to enhance its franchise network?
Snap–om tools plan on working side by side with its franchise network to improve its sales and profitability. For
instance, Snap–on is going to participate in strengthen the customers' outreach segment by creating a tour called
Snap–on Masters of Metal tour. The tour is going to showcase the variety of tools Snap–on has available for auto
repair shop or car owner to choose from to repair their vehicles. It'll also give technicians opportunity to come
into acquaintance with Snap–on factory associates. Therefore, the technicians will have a chance to test the
product and report any discrepancy to the factory associates.
Why did Snap–on wait to enter emerging markets?
Snap–on waited

Project Lifecycle Management Solution For Capital Planning...
Advertised as "The best–in–class project lifecycle management solution for capital planning, project delivery,
cost control, and facilities and real estate management." Oracle's Primavera Unifier provides governance across
all project phases, from planning and building to operations and maintenance (Oracle's Primavera Unifier, n.d.).
It is consistently used throughout the organization and fits well into its portfolio. This system is classified as a
Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) and was designed to collect data about an asset such
as preventative maintenance schedules, licensing, and rates of depreciation.
Although it offers other functions, the main purpose of this application was designed for asset management.
Using the collected data about an asset, the system, Unifier sends notifications or work orders at scheduled
intervals to the designated respondents who then perform the needed tasks. For example, information about a
fleet vehicle can be loaded into the Unifier system and the system will send reminders for preventative
maintenance based on manufacturer recommendations for age and mileage. Scheduling oil changes, fluid
flushes, tire rotations, and belt changes is made much easier through Unifier. It can also provide the maintenance
worker with the exact information, specifications, and directions they need to perform a given activity. Ensuring
that preventative maintenance is performed on assets enhances safety as well as profitability through

Appliance Maker the Challenge
Case 1: Appliance maker
The challenge
Senior executives at a large, low–cost manufacturer of appliances and white goods were concerned about the
sluggish performance of the company's household fan business. It had long been among the top leading players
in the company's home country–an emerging market–but was now losing domestic share in two important, and
fiercely competitive, product categories.
The company's leaders suspected that a stagnant product portfolio was partly to blame; they had been focusing a
considerable amount of attention on operations and had neglected to revisit fan designs for a couple of years.
Meanwhile, an innovative upstart, also from an emerging market, had begun competing with the manufacturer,
both at home ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yet the teardown showed that as compared with competitors, the company was "overbuilding" its products
significantly and that identical–or even better–product performance was possible at a lower cost if the team was
willing to rethink its design approaches.
Some of the resulting design changes were quite straightforward and even, in retrospect, obvious. Yet the team
acknowledged that the new ideas didn't click until the teardown, when the evidence was spread out on the table
for discussion. By modifying the cover of one type of household fan, for example, the team made it unnecessary
to include an internal bracket assembly that had supported the original cover–a savings of 7 percent per unit.
This change, like most cost–saving opportunities the team identified, was invisible to customers and didn't
matter to them (for an example of one model, see diagram).
Many of the individual cost–saving opportunities the team identified were small. But the collective impact was
huge–helping the company to reduce the total cost of manufacturing its fans by more than 10 percent, against a
cost base that was already quite competitive. Meanwhile, consumers received the new designs well, and that
contributed to a 50 percent jump in operating profit in the first year of their introduction and helped elevate the
company to the number two spot in the market (up from number three) over that time span.
Focus on the customer
To get more information, the company's marketing

Kellogg’s Product Lifecycle
Kellogg's Product lifecycle
Link to case study
Overview: a case study focusing on the development of Kellogg's Special K brand
Learning objectives: ➢ to understand the product life cycle ➢ to understand the value of market research ➢ to
examine extension strategies.
Introduction (2 minutes)
Introduction to the lesson: you will look at the product life cycle and how marketing may change at different
stages. Then you will consider the decline stage and how firms such as Kellogg's may react to this.
The case focuses on Kellogg's Special K brand and considers how the marketing of this has changed over time.
Marketing is not static – it must be developed as market conditions and customer expectations change.
Product life cycle (10 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, marketers should not become complacent and they may seek to inject new life into the brand to
prolong the growth stage and put off the onset of maturity. A mature product may need a facelift, and marketers
must decide whether to support a declining brand or let it die a natural death.
Why did Kellogg's engage in marketing research before deciding how to inject new growth into Special K?
Special K enabled Kellogg's to be alert to current consumer trends such as social trends and changes in
technology. The research enabled Kellogg's to identify consumer perceptions of the brand and what
developments consumers would favour. Armed with this consumer and market focused knowledge, Kellogg's
was best placed to inject growth into the product life cycle.
Special K Red Berries is a variant of Special K why was it important to check that the two products were not
competing in a major way?
The purpose of bringing in Special K Red Berries was to extend the existing brand rather than to replace it. If for
example half of the consumers of Special K had switched over to Special K Red Berries and there had been little
overall growth in consumption, Kellogg's would simply be competing in its own market. It was important to test
that this would not happen.
Why was it important to create marketing plans for Special K that fitted with production plans?
Kellogg's had to be

Diffusion of Innovations and Compatibility
Compatibility "Theoretical and empirical research in technology acceptance, while acknowledging the
importance of individual beliefs about the compatibility of a technology, has produced equivocal results"
(Karahanna et al, 2006, p. 781). This study denotes the importance of integrating the compatibility construct
within technology acceptance models as well as its confounding results in doing so. Rogers (1962) was the first
one to introduce and define the term compatibility in his Innovation Diffusion Theory. "Compatibility assesses
the extent of congruence between a new technology and various aspects of the individual and the situation in
which the technology will be utilized" (Karahanna et al., 2006, p. 782). Diverse studies ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
784). Yet again this was corresponding to the reasoning of Moore and Benbasat (1991) who developed a four
item operationalization for perceived compatibility; 1. Using [the innovation] is compatible with all aspects of
my work. 2. Using [the innovation] is completely compatible with my current situation. 3. I think that using [the
innovation] fits well with the way I like to work. 4. Using [the innovation] fits into my work style. However, as
mentioned above, Moore and Benbasat (1991) were concerned about the parallel between relative advantage and
compatibility factors, since they did not emerge as separate factors in their final instrument. "While conceptually
different, [compatibility and relative advantage] are being viewed identically by respondents, or that there is a
causal relationship between the two" (Moore and Benbasat, 1991, p. 208). In their following research Moore and
Benbasat (1996) confirmed their assumption; they discovered a high correlation between relative advantage and
compatibility, which indicated a causal relationship. Preceding research in the field of technology diffusion
primarily considered compatibility beliefs as independent antecedents of acceptance. In contrast to these beliefs,
Karahanna et al. (2006) hypothesize causal relationships among the compatibility beliefs and between
compatibility, usefulness and ease of use. "When a technology is

Sherwin-Williams Case
I. OVERVIEW
A. Introduction
Sherwin–Williams (SHW) is one of the biggest companies in the paints and coats industry. Examination of
Sherwin–Williams will be conducted to determine if Sherwin–Williams is a potential good place to work. By the
evaluation of several factors such as the background of SHW, the company analysis, secondary information, and
news about the company, will determine if this firm is a good place to work at.
B. Background
According to Sherwin–Williams Company MarketLine Company Profile (2015), it was founded in 1866 by
Henry Sherwin and Edward Williams. Sherwin–Williams currently operates its headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio
and employs around 40,000 people. Sherwin–Williams is one of the largest producers of paints and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of Sherwin–Williams latest acquisitions according to Furniture Today "Sherwin–Williams to acquire
Valspar" (2016) was the acquisition of Valspar. Valspar was one of Sherwin–William's rival but with this new
acquisition announcement that the company would purchase it for $11.3 billion to add new capabilities in the
packing and coil segments, increase customer relationships, and strengthen their global strategy, in which
consolidation expected to be closed in early

Seapine Software Case Study
I. Vendor Information Seapine Software, Inc. is a privately held organization whose application lifecycle
management (ALM) solutions help organizations deal with the way toward growing top notch complex items–
regularly in controlled businesses. Their honor winning ALM solutions drive the formation of perceived brands,
life–sparing restorative gadgets, even diversions of the year. From a locally situated startup established in 1995,
Seapine has developed into a multinational organization with the central station in Cincinnati, Ohio, and
workplaces in Europe, Asia–Pacific, and Africa with more than 8,500 clients around the world [1]. Milestones:
Established 1995 Clients all over world 8500 Table 1: Milestones Overview: Revenue $10 – $100 million
Employees 10 – 100Exact Employee Count Available in Premium Report Primary Industry N/A Table 2:
Overview II. Functionality Test track is a cross–platform issue management solution which tracks and manages
the defects, feature requests, change the requests. It creates, manages thousands of test cases, prints and
distributes test case instructions to manual testers. It improves the team collaboration by streamlining the testing
lifecycle with automatic assignments and notifications. It also customizes the workflow to follow the QA
process. It keeps track of who performs the test, what tests are performed, on which platform, which
configuration and in which language. Test track is a great tool to track bugs and maintain test

Essay on Retail Marketing Image Study
Table of Contents
Executive Summary 3
1.0 Introduction 4
2.0 Literature Review 5 2.1Store Image 5 2.2Store Personality 5
3.0 Brand Comparison 6 3.1Brands Image Comparison 6 3.2Brands' Personality Comparison 7
4.0 Marketing Mix 4P's 9 4.1Price 9 4.2Product and Services Assortment 9 4.3Promotion 10 4.4Place 10
Bibliography..............................................................................................................................................................12
Executive Summary
The ultimate goal of any company regardless of what industry or size is to maximize profit and expansion. In
order for this to be achieved a good company must project a favorable image, personality and atmosphere.
The following report is the study about concepts of store image and store personality and will ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unlike store image which refers to functional properties of a retail store including value of money, selection of
product and service's quality, store personality is a mental representation of a retail store on dimensions that
generally describe personality of an individual. There are five dimensions comprised a retail store's personality
such as sophistication, solidity, genuineness, enthusiasm and unpleasantness (d'Astous & Levesque, 2003).
Once store image is accepted by shoppers, store personality is important in consumers' buying behavior as the
buying decision made depends on their experiences of such personality factors as architecture, color & design,
music, advertising, sale personnel etc (Martineu, 1958). Colors and designs of a retail store which can capture
customers' eyes and attention firstly, music played in store which is highly successful in catching people
attention and the way items displayed in the store, etc, create pleasant feeling and emotion in customers while
walking in the store. Sale personnel, furthermore, play a vital role in shaping customers' mental representation of
a retail store (Martineau, 1985). Through those factors, a retail store also creates its own personality which then
will be perceived by shoppers. As a result, customers might perceive store's personality in either positive that
they like store' personality or they achieved unfavourable experiences in the store. People, who

Logitech Swot
A. INNOVATION KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATED
Strengths
Logitech has several internal strengths that has attributed to the company's success. Logitech has created for
itself a strong reputation through its innovative products and excellent customer service. Innovation is Logitech's
top strengths. Because an innovation is cover throughout the paper, I will not be providing detail examples of in
this section, but rather be focusing other key factors. Logitech has stood the test of time, the company can
quickly respond and adapt to changes in technology or market conditions. Because Logitech's product and brand
is recognized worldwide, the company has a strong channel coverage and efficient worldwide distribution. In
2009, Logitech's business retail ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another threat Logitech and many other technology companies' faces are counterfeit. The technology market has
always struggled to compete with black market trading. In 2006, China and Hong Kong represented a large
chunk of seized good. If the demand for counterfeit products being manufactures increases due to economic
recession or other factors, it could possible affect Logitech's overall revenue in the future. Another threat face by
the technology industry is "TIME." The peripherals market is set apart by short product life cycles, frequent new
products introductions, rapidly changing technology, evolving customer demands, and aggressive promotional
and pricing practices. Logitech average market life of its products is between 12–18 months and generates 50%
of its annual revenues from new products. Logitech has to able to produce great new products months after
months and year after year or else one bad product may hurt them financially like the early crisis in the early
1990s.
COST ISSUES: HYPOTHETICAL MODEL OF ROI or COST BENEFIT
For my hypothetical model of ROI, I used the information from the Apple retail store that opened in SoHo, New
York, in 2004. I am also using Apple's 2004 and 2005 retail financials. Logitech's ROI

Pest Analysis of Gap Inc
PEST Analysis for GAP Politics
Globalization has been a current trend to every industry which also includes the apparel and fashion industry in
which is due to the construction of import international facilities and establishment.
It has been noted that when products are traded, regulations and policies are present. With these regulations and
policies, company's operations may be impaired. Some countries also control the entrance of foreign companies
which would also affect the process of operation of these companies. Large tax implementation is one of the
controls that government usually pursues. With such government control many companies are impaired and
usually can not operate on those countries.
In the case of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If the growth is fast then consumers will have higher purchasing power, on the other hand, if the economy is
very slow then it will also have an effect on the attitude towards purchasing products. Another is the low–cost
destinations sourcing; it will either affect the economy positively or negatively. Positive, in the sense wherein the
company will have more consumers because of the cheaper products offered. On the other hand, the local
suppliers would be affected because the company prefers outsourced products. Socioeconomic
With the increasing globalization of business, society has also been more concern with the degradation of the
environment and a continuous concern for the benefit of the employees. The society has call for attention to
industries for social responsibility. This includes human right protection of corporate employees, consideration
for the health and safety of consumers, and contribution to local communities.
And with the increasing global environmental issues that arise with the globalization, people are now
increasingly aware of the effects of the continuous industrialization.
Another factor is the rise of the population of the retiree, companies such as GAP wherein it has numerous
employees will have a hard time obtaining more employees, the retirement of employees is rapidly getting
higher while the replacement does not increase. Technological development

Rogers' Chocolates in 2007
Problem Statement Rogers' Chocolates is not using its core competency of strong retail sales ability and its
distinctive competency of producing a wide variety of high–quality, hand–wrapped chocolates to attract a
sufficient market niche of worldwide tourists and high–income, middle–aged couples that are mainly empty
nested or child–free, so that they can maximize their market share and profit volumes in a rapidly growing
market in which globalization, product innovation toward a more health–conscious product, and growing buyer
preferences are major driving forces. Their tremendous ability in retail sales, in which their 11 stores accounted
for 50% of total sales, and financial leverage have not been utilized to expand Rogers' to profit ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Next priority is the online and mail–order purchasers as the low–cost of sales and high reorder rate created high
profit were a great way of attracting global markets without spending large amounts of capital to expand.
Wholesalers would come next as they contribute 30% of total sales and margins are not as high as retail sales.
5. Since Rogers' has great credit worthiness and a great borrowing capacity, they could improve their CSR image
by using that capacity to acquire its supplier and provide them with organic and fair trade capabilities as well as
increase manufacturing technologies. Not only will this help give Rogers' a better social responsibility image, it
will allow Rogers' to expand their product varieties and qualities even further to adapt to the emerging needs of
health–driven "chocaholics". By creating a wider variety of products, retail, wholesale, and online outlets will be
able to satisfy more consumers, thus increasing market share. A 2007 online study conducted by Image Power
Green brands about attitudes and behaviors toward the chocolate market has shifted dramatically; virtually 100%
of those surveyed express some desire for greener practices, up from 58% a year ago (Kuhn). It also states
Endangered Species Chocolates' growth in the past year has increased 200% in its retail sales mainly due to their
focus on

Calyx & Corolla Report
Problem Statement
Calyx & Corolla, as a company, has enjoyed considerable success since its humble beginnings in 1988. As we
move forward, our goal is to solidify our presence in the flower market by evolving our current business model.
By examining our current marketing techniques and market environment, our aim is to develop a new and
successful business approach which will ensure long–term financial growth and stability. Our foundation on the
creativity of Ruth Owades has set us apart from traditional retailers, and our greatest asset has been our ability to
be there for our clients for the simple and meaningful moments in their lives. Our long–term prosperity will
entail engaging in a new and different marketing campaign, which will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The FTD business model is based on receiving orders at an originating florist, and transmitting the order to a
florist local to the delivery address. There are several key differences between FTD and Calyx & Corolla. FTD
retains about 7% of the final sale price, with the majority going to the receiving and delivering florists. By
comparison, Calyx & Corolla retains 80% of the price of the flowers, with 20% going directly to the grower.
However, the principle difference between Calyx & Corolla is that while FTD retains over 20,000 florists within
the United States, Calyx & Corolla is not directly affiliated with florists, but has strong ties to the fresh flower
growers themselves. Calyx & Corolla have decided to go the other way from the traditional model of selling
fresh flowers, somewhat side–stepping direct competition with major retail players.
Traditional retail stores cannot strictly be classified as competitors, because of their different operating methods.
While retailers rely on consumers setting foot into their stores, Calyx & Corolla reaches out to its target market
by way of catalogs, telemarketing, and in some cases, promotional tie–ins with selected retail stores. Even the
approach of FTD follows more closely the traditional retail model than that of Calyx & Corolla. It is precisely
for this reason that Ruth Owades saw an opportunity to delve into an unexplored market. However, while Calyx
& Corolla enjoy a much higher operating gross per sale,

The Kroger Company : An Organization
The Kroger Company
Back in 1883 an individual named Barney Kroger opened his first grocery store in downtown Cincinnati with his
life savings of $372 (Kroger, 2015). Barney Kroger just like many other business owners was passionate about
his business and had his own motto "Be particular. Never sell anything you would not want yourself" (Kroger,
2015). Fast forward to present day and the Kroger Company has grown into one of the world's largest retailers.
One would be hard pressed to find someone living in the United States who has not heard of a Kroger
Supermarket chain since Kroger has stores spread all across the country from coast to coast. The Kroger
Company has grown to include more than 2600 stores and operates in almost ... Show more content on
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Kroger Management has excelled at growing a company that started as a single grocery store in downtown
Cincinnati into the giant and successful corporation it is today.
The Structure of Kroger's Supply Chain The profit margins in the grocery business are extremely thin, so the
Kroger Company's supply change management continually works on improving its supply chain to increase
efficiency and reduce costs. Kroger utilizes a program of lean process engineering to constantly improve its
supply chain. This process involves examining each individual step of the supply chain from its suppliers to
product delivery at its stores and furthermore, this process has been proven to drive down waste and reduce cost
(Kroger, 2008). Kroger's supply chain management is located near the top of the organization structure since the
company as a whole has a strong emphasis on improving the supply chain to reduce cost and increase profit
margins. Therefore the further up the organizational structure the supply chain management team is located the
more optimally it will function and the greater the influence it will have on the decision making process (Burt,
Petcavage, and Pinkerton, 2010). Kroger has done a good job of getting all internal departments on board in
regards to streamlining its supply chain processes and identifying areas where waste can be cut to

Pinterest Evaluation Essay
At its core, Pinterest is a form of social media specializing in the organization of images onto online "boards" for
those who wish to share their findings or remember what they have discovered. As the name suggests, users take
images that interest them and pin them to personalized boards they create. While Pinterest originally became
famous for sharing things like recipes, arts and crafts, and photography, it has developed further into an image
oriented advertising–like media outlet, which allows users to trace an idea to other websites beyond Pinterest.
The purpose of this evaluation is to access Pinterest as an educational tool for teacher use, specifically
referencing two topics as my examples: U.S. History and Interactive Whiteboards. ... Show more content on
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These posts are usually linked to other websites where the author will give teachers advice on how to effectively
use IWBs for educational purposes. The expectation would be for teachers to use Pinterest to discover new
methods for using IWB activities in the classroom that go beyond the typical use of a projector or normal
whiteboard. For example, within the 10 Ways to use your Interactive Whiteboard post, teachers are encouraged
to use the IWB as a way to take attendance children walk into class or using Powerpoint games to appeal to
students kinesthetic learning needs. In Interactive Whiteboard Success Tips, Natalie Lorenzi encourages teachers
to utilize "distance learning" to allow the teacher to roam around the classroom instead of being stuck at the front
by their desk; students can also manipulate the IWB activity from a distance to avoid having a whole class full of
students trying to push their way to the board. These activities give the students the ability to make their learning
experience their own, and teachers get the benefit of seeing their students stay engaged in the lesson throughout
the class

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Nx
Formerly known as UNIGRAPHICS, NX is an advanced high end CAD/CAM/CAE software package. Owned
by Siemens PLM Software, it is used for parametric design, direct solid and surface modeling and simulation
with respect to static, thermal, dynamic and manufacturing aspects. NX design tools are superior in power,
versatility, flexibility and productivity. Fast and intuitive editing of the profiles has been enabled by
incorporating the synchronous technology, thereby making the job of the designer easy. It ensures improvement
in efficiency by implementing tools which facilitates easy–to–understand design changes. 2.1.1 FEATURES OF
NXCAD: Some of the important features of NX are as follows: 1. Feature–based modeling: The smallest
building block in a part model is known as a feature. A feature based approach for product design is being
followed by NX. It allows building a model incrementally, adding individual ... Show more content on
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Unequalled depth: Ansys provides an unequalled technical depth in any simulation domain whether it is
structural, analysis, fluids, thermal, electromagnetics, meshing or processing and data management. It provides
consistent technology solutions irrespective of being a casual user or an experienced analyst. 2. Unequalled
breadth: Ansys provides functionality across a diverse range of disciplines ranging from structural analysis right
up to electromagnetic, including fluid and thermal domains. All these are efficiently supported by a complete set
of analysis types and backed up by a powerful set of meshing tools. 3. Adaptive architecture: In today's world of
engineering, for the overall design and development process, a software must have the ability to adapt to a
variety of CAD and PLM solutions. The software must have the ability to be customized to provide for the inter–
operability with other software's. These are the characteristics provided in the Ansys simulation architecture,
making it feasible to be used under any

Rei Company Overview
Can REI Climb Higher with Networking and the Internet?
With an old–fashioned sensibility and a forward–looking embrace of networking and Internet technology,
Recreational Equipment, Inc. (REI) occupies a distinctive position in the retail market. Selling gear and clothing
for outdoor recreational activities, REI operates 82 stores throughout the United States, as well as 2 stores on the
Web and an adventure–themed travel service. Together, these entities recorded over $1 billion in sales during
2005.
The company was started in 1938 as a cooperative by mountain climbers Lloyd and Mary Anderson and a group
of associates to acquire quality climbing gear and other outdoor recreational equipment at affordable prices.
Despite the significant ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After implementing the wireless system, the same work can be performed in 25 to 28 hours. Multiply that by 82
stores and you have major cost savings.
REI is now experimenting with new ways to deliver information to the store floor. It is testing wireless handheld
devices that give employees instant access to product information on the Web, wireless cash registers and point–
of–sale devices to facilitate quick changes to store layouts, and live two–way videoconferencing based on IP/TV
technology that would allow shoppers or sales associates at kiosks to talk to call center agents or product
specialists at REI headquarters or other stores. REI has rolled out wireless IP telephony phones in its flagship
Seattle store and it is considering using its network to deliver on–demand videos to kiosks to supplement
employee training.
REI has remained determined to use its multiple channels to support each other. The company 's philosophy is
that it doesn 't matter which segment of the company is responsible for a sale occurring; the sale benefits the
company as a whole. Jeff Schueler, a usability consultant and founder and CEO of Usability Sciences, views a
sale as the final step in the multi–step process of shopping. According to Schueler, the vast majority of people
who visit e–commerce Web sites do so for purposes such as fact–finding, price comparisons, obtaining special
discount coupons, and account maintenance and

Essay On LED Lighting
THE EFFECTS OF ALBEDO LED LIGHTING ON RETAIL SPACES
Opposite to some popular wisdom, retail stores are not dead, and they will not be replaced by online operations.
People (who use a product or service) continue to spend money at retail establishments, if for no other reason
than to see the physical products that they might later order online. The store's goal in this competitive
(surrounding conditions) is to make the retail outlet and its products so attractive that the (related to people who
use a product or service) (instances of buying things for money) the product right then and there, rather than
ordering it electronically. LED lighting for retail outlets has made strong toward this goal.
Large retail stores in the past depended ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A store can install a variety of LED lighting options to backlight products or to create indirect or quiet lighting in
different parts of a store. Display cases for smaller items, such as jewelry of personal fashion can be lit with
brighter LED's that draw attention to fine patterns and textures. Since LED lights operate at low temperatures
and without creating the excess heat that is just like traditional display case lighting, the store's products that are
bought and sold will not be harmed by any excess warmth in display cases.
Many stores operate on thin (how much money is being made), which forces them to reduce operating costs
wherever possible. LED lighting for retail has the possible ability to reduce a retail store's electrical utility costs
by more than half. Modern LED lighting is so (producing a lot with very little waste) that it can create the same
or better lighting as a traditional lighting fixture with less than half of the electrical energy input. LED bulbs also
last longer than other forms of lighting, and the store's lighting maintenance costs will be reduced. LED lighting
for retail therefore has the possible ability to increase a store's sales and to reduce overhead costs, all of which
gives directly to a store's (money made/good things received).
Stores that operate stand alone locations that are separate from large malls and other shopping outlets can make
their stores more inviting with bright exterior LED lighting. A shopper will

The Effects Of Deceptive Pictures On Hong Kong
2.3.2. Deceptive Pictures
According to Kim (2004), there are several instances that he has witnessed of the deceptive pictures presented in
the websites of the online retail stores. The consumers correspondingly find a different product during the
purchase of the product, which leads to extreme level of dissatisfaction from the customers end. Subsequently,
the consumers find it difficult to purchase the product again from the same retail store. Lodorfos et al (2006) in
this regard commented that the online retail organisations those have witnessed these sort of deceptive pictures
in order to attract online consumers have ultimately not been able to retain the same. Similar instances are also
notable among the consumers in Hong Kong, who are highly conscious regarding the quality aspects of a
product. Therefore, it is eminent that deceptive pictures are regarded as one of the factors that restrict consumers
in Hong Kong to purchase products through the online platform (Lodorfos et al, 2006).
2.3.3. Diminished Instant Satisfaction
Mittal (2013) suggested that in online retail shopping the consumers receives the products after certain amount
of time. It is worth mentioning that although in Hong Kong the delivery of the online purchased products are
relatively quick, still it is not feasible to witness immediate consumption of the product at the time purchase.
Bashir (2013) further commented that this infeasibility to deliver the products immediately leads to the
diminishing of

Hci / 520 Data Management
TaSharon Collins
HCI/520 Data Management & Design
November 3, 2014
Professor Carl Moore
What Are Systems? A system is an organized structure that has inputs and outputs that carry out a specific
activity. A system is a group of components that makes up a complex functioning unit. When an element
changes, the system will stop functioning right. Once the system has been defined by jurisdiction, budget,
coverage requirements and user needs, the next step is to design the system using components and systems that
are obtainable and have the desired features that the customer and the design engineer have agreed upon. If the
design engineer is not careful, then there will be coverage, operational, maintenance and reliability issues that
will plague the system forever. The equipment–engineering phase will specify each and every component in the
system, (Wiesenfeld, 2010). Due to a problem or situation, there is a beginning and an end to a system that is
tasked to solve that problem.
Importance of Integrating A Life Cycle Into A Plan For Development of a Database According to Bernard
(2009), the purpose of IT systems life cycle planning is to optimize technology deployments for performance,
efficiency and cost containment, including costs of maintaining the networks and systems and even training. The
system or network tends to evolve over time as it is continuously modified, improved, enlarged; as various
components and subsystems are re–built, decommissioned or adapted to other

Five Principles Of Retail
Building relationships with customers is basics step of success. Businesses spend millions trying to attract new
customers or win back lapsed ones and yet often neglect to develop their existing customer relationships.
Successfully managing your customer relationships involves finding out about their purchasing habits, their
opinions and their preferences. Record their data and create profiles of individual customers. Armed with this
valuable information, marketing will become more effective and sales will increase. Ask customers for
information and feedback to create a complete picture. Customers sometimes need to be asked more than once,
so use multiple stages or complementary media. Dealing with complaints properly can also teach a lot about the
weaknesses in retail business. A retailer may also need to rethink his operations to improve customer service and
marketing. It's all about enhancing the customer experience.
Five Principles of Retail
1. The customer is the most important person in a retailer's business: The customer holds the key to every
successful retail operation. Make your retail business more customer–focused, and realize the potential to make
retail business a success. The main retail principle to master is the customer; the customer should be the centre
of retail business and everything retailer do, must revolve ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 'Product' Mix: The variety of products that a company produces or that a retailer stocks is known as 'product
line'. It is a broad group of products, intended for similar uses and having similar characteristics. The product
mix is the set of all the products offered for sale by a company. It refers to the length (the number of products in
the product line), breadth (the number of product lines that a company offers), depth (the different varieties of
product in the product line), and consistency (the relationship between products in their final destination) of
product lines. Product mix is sometimes called 'product

Product Design Development and Product Lifecycle Analysis...
Product Design, Development and Product Lifecycle Analysis of McDonald's Corporation McDonald's competes
in one of the most mercurial and fast–changing industries there are, where product lifecycles must be aligned
both to rapidly changing customers ' preferences and tastes. The inherent need for the McDonald's product
strategy to stay relevant, topical and in demand for consumers also requires a highly integrated, real–time supply
chain that can react quickly to changes in product strategy and the acceleration of new product development and
launch (Martin, 2002). It is part of the main competitive strategy of McDonald's to concentrate on continual
product development innovations while also seeking out new and innovative approaches to creating entirely new
menu items on a continual basis. This company's approach to new product design, product lifecycle management
and product development are together setting best practices in their industry and are analyzed in the sections that
follow. At the most fundamental level, the continual improvements McDonald's New Product Development and
Introduction (NPDI) process serve as the catalyst for the continually high levels of creativity the company is
achieving in new product design and concept development (Martin, 2002). McDonald's has created a unique and
highly differentiated new product development process that ensures every member of the supply chain,
procurement teams, quality management, product management, pricing,

Benefits Of Adopting A Full Product Lifecycle Risk...
1. A) Explain the benefits of adopting a full product lifecycle Risk Management system. B) Describe the Risk
Management cross–functional team members and their comparative responsibilities to the overall Risk
Management process. C) Include and discuss some important aspects that a full lifecycle Risk Management
system utilizes after a product is launched, i.e. during the 'normal sales' period; and in order to appropriately
phase–out a product from manufacturing and distribution.
A) A full product lifecycle Risk Management strategy allows the product to be constantly scrutinized for
potential failure modes and undergo numerous rounds of risk mitigation. By completing risk management at
varying degrees during all stages and of product development, a safer product is developed for consumer use.
While adopting this system may burden smaller organizations with successful implementation, the company will
be reward by fewer lawsuits, recalls, and other legal actions.
B) Cross–functional teams rely on interdisciplinary communication from people in marketing, legal, medical,
and engineering backgrounds. A cross functional risk management team may include, a person representing
marketing, a project leader, a quality engineer, regulatory affairs, operations management and various engineers
with different expertise. Each member would serve as an avenue for describing the risks they can see from their
standpoint and aid in evaluating the total risk as well as presenting mitigation

Market Size and Beauty Health Service
MARKET SIZE OF BEAUTY AND HEALTHCARE SERVICES
Market size of beauty and healthcare industry means the total dollar amount of potential sales to all customers
within this industry. The number of buyers and sellers in this particular market is especially important for
companies that wish to launch a new product or service, since small markets are less likely to be able to support
a high volume of goods. Large markets could bring in more competition.
The Singaporean market for health and beauty products is growing phenomenally in recent years. A blooming
market Singaporeans are living truths of this, paying more for long life and good looks than ever before. We're
pursuing longevity with health supplements, vitamins and 'healthful' ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This insight is one of the many garnered from a new survey on beauty products conducted. The survey was
presented to more than 60,000 women.
[pic]
Many people are spending more money on natural health and beauty products. We all want to have long and
healthy lives, but we also want to look the best we possibly can while living those lives; and it cannot be denied
that commercial products costs big bucks. Towards this end, companies have developed thousands of natural
health and beauty products, in addition to the ones already on the market.
In an online survey of 4,000 consumers, 63% said they had done internet research for health and beauty
products. (Prospectiv, 2007) Over 7,000 female panelists were surveyed by MR Pro about expenditure of beauty
and health products. The panelists, from the U.S., ranged in age from "Under 18" to "55 and Over." Although
responses varied slightly by question, age break–down of respondents was roughly as follows: 1% under 18;
20% aged 18–29; 28% aged 30–39; 44% aged 40–54; and 11% aged 55+.
AS Watson, the world's largest health and beauty retailer, the opening of its 500th Watsons store in mainland
China last week was symbolic of something far bigger than the opening of a single small shop. China is

Information Technology And Retail Strategy
Technology and Retail Strategy
Ruth Jongeward
Professor Garrett Rossero
RTMG 300 Retail Strategy Technology and Retail Strategy The rise of the Information Technology field has
drastically changed how retail stores conduct their day to day business. Over the past 82 years, changes in the
field have made it increasingly easier for customers to purchase goods and services required for their basic and
luxury needs. This includes, but is not limited to groceries, general merchandise items, construction, repairs, and
many more different classes of retail marketing and consumer needs. Some of the first major changes in the
Information Technology field for retailers go back as far as 1932 with the origination of the UPC (Universal ...
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The first installation occurred at a Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio in June of that year. At this point in time,
everything was still entered and handwritten for receipts and bookkeeping, it wasn't until the mid 1980's that
scanners in retailers became most prevalent over handwriting items. This was in part due to the major upgrades
that occurred in the decade it took to increase scanner usage throughout the industry. One such improvement was
to increase the ability to read the smaller UPC barcodes on the newer packages. The most important change to
scanners was the introduction of a holographic technique that would allow the scanners to read damaged or wet
barcodes, which previously could not be completed with existing scanner technology. These two major
innovations in technology were initially designed to speed up the customer checkout process and reduce the cost
in labor. A good example of this is the time it normally took to change the price of an item on the sales floor was
nearly cut in half. The employee would no longer have to go to each item with a price gun and manually change
the prices for all items; instead they could just adjust the pricing in the computer system that ran the scanners
and POS (Point of Sale) systems. Currently, scanners are used in all major retail markets and even in lower, non–
corporate retail locations, such as a "mom and pop" owned store in the local shopping districts

The Approach At High Level
DevOps has been a buzzword for a while now in the tech industry, with many organizations joining the
bandwagon and working towards embracing the DevOps practices. Wiki describes Devops as "a practice that
emphasizes the collaboration and communication of the IT professionals across the value chain while
automating the process of software delivery and infrastructure changes. The aim is to deliver the software
quickly and reliably."
However, in an enterprise scenario with the complexity involved, the journey to implement DevOps
comprehensively is evolutionary. Hence, it is only sensible to drive along an incremental adoption path. Each
increment has to provide the most benefits through the MVP (Minimum Viable Product) delivered towards the
DevOps journey.
In this context, this article attempts to explain the initial steps towards the larger DevOps journey and helps to
get a head start.
The approach at high–level consists of four major steps:
Value stream mapping – Mapping the existing process workflows
Future state value stream mapping – Identify the immediate goals and visualize the optimized value stream map
Execution – Incremental approach towards the implementation
Retrospection – Review and learn
Ok, let's get started!
Value Stream Mapping
Value stream mapping is a lean improvement strategy that maps the processes and information flows of a
product from source to delivery. For a software delivery, it is the pre–defined path an idea takes to transform into
a

Impulse Buying Behavior And Marketing Decision Making
Impulse Buying Behavior
It plays a very important role and position in marketing decision making. It can be explained as a tendency of
making "unreflective", spontaneous, immediate, kinetic, unplanned and sudden purchases. Impulse buying has
got two parts– cognitive and affective where cognitive is related with planning and latter one with situational
factors leading to an impulse purchase. It provides hedonic reinforcement and reduces overload of selection. It is
revealed that cognitive component of impulse buying is negatively related with subjective wellbeing, whereas
affective component is associated to negative affect and customer susceptibility to interpersonal influence. It was
concluded by exploring relation of impulse buying with individual traits.
Earlier researches, however, also prove empirically that impulse purchase behavior is not merely function of
personal traits, or impulse buying tendency, rather it the type of product which also has significant impact on this
phenomenon. Gender difference in impulse buying and impulse buying tendency, during purchase of various
product categories; have also been found significant in earlier researches. Product Involvement Product
involvement means "the general level of.interest in the.object, or the centrality of the object.to the person's ego–
structure" (Day, 1970, p. 45)". In simple words, it refers to the attributes or characteristics linked to a certain
product relative to customer like its importance, value,

Is Surveillance Of Consumers Is Manipulative Or Unethical?
We live in a society where we are watched constantly by social media, twitter, employers and even shopping
surveillance cameras. Although each outlet has its different uses for watching, there are pros and cons. Social
media may share life styles or events with users with just a touch of a button or a click of a mouse. We use
Twitter to monitor or see what updates there are regarding our friends, family, or celebrities, which is a form of
surveillance of people's lives. An employer keeps a watchful eye on a new employee to make sure they are the
right fit for the company or can also watch to make sure their assets are secure. Surveillance is mostly thought of
as monitoring assets, but what about the true assets it monitors, the consumer at a store. Consumers are the bread
and butter of the store, without the consumer, there are no sales, and if no sales then there would be no store. I
refute the claim that the retail anthropologists' surveillance of consumers is manipulative or unethical. In fact, the
surveillance of consumers can help both the retailer and the consumer by providing videos which show what
products the consumer wants and buys, it can help the retailer place quality products in appropriate
organizational areas, and provide not only the consumer, but the retailer with an overall superior shopping
experience.
When a consumer walks into a store, they know what products they want to buy, whether it be an item that is a
needed or a product that is just a want. If

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