2. A. DEFINITION
The PAST PERFECT TENSE indicates that an action
was completed (finished or "perfected") at some
point in the past before something else happened.
This tense is formed with the past tense form of "to
have" (HAD) plus the past participle of the verb
(which can be either regular or irregular in form):
1. I had walked two miles by lunchtime.
2.I had run three other marathons before entering
the Boston Marathon .
3. B. THE USE
Functions of the past perfect. The past perfect refers
to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make
it clear that one event happened before another in
the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned
first - the tense makes it clear which one happened
first.
4. C. THE PATTERN
(+): · Subject + had + verb 3
(-) : Subject+ had + not + verb 3
(?) : Had+ subject + verb 3?
5. D. EXAMPLE
(+) :
1. My brother had slept
2. They had come
(-) :
1. My brother hadn’t slept
2. They hand’t come
(?) :
1. Had my brother slept?
2. Had they come ?
