Root classes and spatial arrangement trials of gmelina on the yield of zea maize: its impact on climate change

1. ROOT CLASSES AND SPATIAL
ARRANGEMENT OF GMELINA: ITS
EFFECT ON MAIZE AND IMPACT ON
CLIMATE CHANGE
ONOFRE S. CORPUZ, PHD
CFCST Arakan, Cotabato
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

2. INTRODUCTION
 The relationship between root system development of planted tree
species and its survival, stability and growth has attracted
considerable research interest (Van Eerden and Kinghorn 1978;
Somerville 1979; Coutts and Lewis 1983; Deans and Ford I983).
 The intelligent application of plant combination requires an
understanding of the various species interactions. Vandermeer
(1989)
 Intercropping of corn crops in Gmelina RGP trials at various spatial
arrangements will be explored/investigate in this study
 Estimation of Biomass and carbon density of the farming system
 As input to green house gas inventory in the Country
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

3. METHODOLOGY
 The study was conducted on May 8 – August 23, 2007 (1st cropping)
and September 16 – December 31, 2007 (2nd cropping) in a field
trials of RGP of Gmelina planted at different spacing in Matalam
Cotabato (Fig. 1)
 The climate is warm tropical with mean annual temperature ranging
from 28 oC – 40oC
 Mean annual rainfall of 2,373.5mm.
 The soil is silty clay with pH value ranging from 6.2 to 7.2.
 Six months after outplanting, maize were sown in the furrows at
25cm x 60cm.
 Basal application of complete fertilizer (14-14-14) and side dressing
of urea (46-0-0) at a rate of 120-28-28 (prevailing farmer’s practice in
the area) were employed.
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

4. Fig. 1. Map showing the Study Site
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

5. RESULTS
Crop 1
Grain Yield (tons/ha)
7
Crop 2
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Mono-corn
2m x 2m
2m x 3m
2m x 4m
Tree Sapcing
Figure 2. Grain Yield of corn on both cropping season as affected by tree spacing
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

6. RESULTS
Grain Yield (tons/ha)
7
Crop 1
Crop 2
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Mono-corn
R1
R2
R3
RGP Classes
Figure 3. Grain Yield of corn on both cropping season as affected by RGP class
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

7. RESULTS
Table 1. Multiple correlation of the growth and yield of corn as affected by tree
spacing and RGP classes.
RGP
RGP 1.000
DBH 0.000
H
0.144
NL
0.159
YD
-0.344
WT500 -0.074
BIOM -0.454
LA
-0.124
LAI
-0.123
DBH
H
NL
YD
WT500
BIOM
LA
LAI
1.000
0.127
0.133
0.821**
0.668**
0.862**
0.187
0.181
1.000
0.354
0.106
0.173
0.138
0.072
0.069
1.000
0.138
0.171
0.204
-0.134
-0.129
1.000
0.677**
0.904**
0.249
0.241
1.000
0.605**
0.166
0.162
1.000
0.211
0.205
1.000
0.999**
1.000
** Highly significant
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

8. RESULTS
Table 3. Mean corn biomass (tons/ha) in both cropping season as affected by tree spacing.
TREE SPACING
Mono-corn crop
2m x 2m
2m x 3m
2m x 4m
CORN BIOMASS
Crop 1
7.3000a
4.0233b
4.7800bc
5.3133c
Crop 2
7.5867a
4.0367b
3.8500b
4.5500b
Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

9. Corn Biomass (tons/ha)
RESULTS
Crop 1
8
Crop 2
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Mono-corn
R1
R2
R3
RGP Class
Figure 4. Corn Biomass in both cropping periods as affected by RGP classes
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

10. RESULTS
2.5
Crop 1
Crop 2
Height (m)
2
1.5
Control
2m x 2m
1
2m x 3m
0.5
2m x 4m
0
30 DAP
60 DAP
90 DAP
105 DAP
Measurement Day
2.5
2.5
Mono-corn
R1
R2
Mono-corn
R3
1.5
R2
R3
2
1.5
1
Crop 1
0.5
0
Corn Height (m)
Corn height (m)
2
R1
1
Crop 2
0.5
0
30 DAP
60 DAP
90 DAP
Measurement Day
105 DAP
30 DAP
60 DAP
90 DAP
105 DAP
Tree Spacing
Measurement Day
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

11. RESULTS
Crop 1
0.3
Crop 2
Leaf Area Index
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
Mono-corn
2m x 2m
2m x 3m
2m x 4m
Tree Spacing
Figure 11. Leaf area index as affected by tree spacing
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

12. RESULTS
Leaf Area Index
0.3
Crop 1
Crop 2
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
Mono-corn
R1
R2
R3
RGP Class
Tree Spacing
Figure 12. Leaf area index of as affected by RGP classes
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

13. RESULTS
Table 4: Biomass and carbon density of the farming system
SOURCES
AGB (MG/HA)
RB (MG/HA)
Tree components
4.3
1.3
Corn Component
5.18
CARBON DENSITY
(MG/HA)
2.52
2.33
SOC
2.74
Total
7.59
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

14. RESULTS
Figure 13. Path correlation analysis
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

15. CONCLUSION
The intercropped maize showed significant difference in all
agronomic and morphological characters in the 2nd cropping
Mono-corn crop dominated significantly in all traits
Tree spacing was significantly related to corn yield and
biomass
RGP class was insignificantly and negatively correlated with
corn yield, biomass, leaf area and leaf area index.
The significant relationship of tree spacing with corn yield, and
biomass implies that wider tree spacing will mean higher yield in
corn and the reversed is true with the negative relationship.
The farming system stored C of 7.6Mt/ha at 1 year
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

16. RECOMMENDATIONS
 Intercropping of corn with Gmelina at the early stage (not
more than a year) with wider tree spacing is possible
 A reducing corn yield would be expected when trying to
intercrop corn in an older Gmelina
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D

17. The End….
Thank You!!!
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D