ACTION PLAN2Running Head ACTION PLAN1Introduction.docx

ACTION PLAN 2
Running Head: ACTION PLAN 1
Introduction
An action plan is a very important tool in as far as strategic
management is concerned. This is because it reveals the course
of action that will be undertaken in order to achieve the ultimate
goal of any given project (KU Work Group for Community
Health and Development, 2018). In this case, the action plan
described will be used to identify the steps needed to complete
the plan, the individuals responsible for incorporating changes,
the specific timeframe for completing specific steps in the
project and finally the resources necessary to complete each
step. More importantly the action plan will provide a
communication channel connecting the audience and
stakeholders of the project. All these are summarized in the
table below;
Table Action Plan
Action
Resources
Time allocated
Responsible person
Deadline
Build 5 more Restaurants
Land
Buildings
Furniture and Fixtures
Machinery
1 year
CEO
In 1 financial year

Increase Advertising to three major platforms
Funds
Social Media Platforms
Workforce
2 weeks
Marketing Manager
Sales Manager
Two weeks after opening
Introduce new food items on the menu
Food Suppliers
Kitchen Equipment
1 week
Restaurant manager
Within a week
Increase sales force by 10 people
Wages
Recruitment Team
1 week
Marketing Manager
Sales manager
Within a week
Grow market share by at least 4%
1 year
General Manager
Sales manager
By the end of the current financial year
Improve shareholder relations
Relationship Manager
1 year
CEO
General manager
In the course of the financial year

Communication
(
Feedback
)Communication is very important when it comes to working as
a team to achieve a specific goal. From the action plan designed
above, it is clear that there are several players responsible for
specific roles. For this particular case, communication will
follow a particular chain of command represented by the
following hierarchy:
(
Information
)
As indicated by the arrows, information is expected to flow
from the CEO to the teams responsible while feedback flows in
the opposite direction.
Reference
KU Work Group for Community Health and Development.
(2018). Developing an action plan. In Community toolbox
(Chapter 8, Section 5). Retrieved from
http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/structure/strategic-
planning/develop-action-plans/main
CEO
Sales Manager
General Manager

Marketing Manager
Sales Team
Marketing Team
General Staff
Running head: PROCESS IMPROVEMENT PLAN

1
PROCESS IMPROVEMENT PLAN
2
Topic
Course
Name
College
Date
Process Improvement Plan
The company that I plan to utilize is the McDonald’s.
McDonald’s is a firm that operates in the fast-food restaurant
industry suggesting that it has so many projects and processes
that it conducts during its production activities. The process
improvement plan is a process and function that aims at
ensuring that firms have full control of their activities. In other
words, the process improvement plan is a process that aims at
assisting companies to develop their value over time.
The reasons that motivate me in creating the process
improvement plan for the McDonald’s is to help the firm in
doing its processes in the required manner (Loon, 2004). In
other words, with the creation of the process improvement plan,
McDonald’s will understand how it is supposed to produce its
foods and drinks. Also, I am motivated in creating this plan to
assist the company in enjoying improved value that will be
acquired through things such as better foods and drinks.
Moreover, the plan will help the firm to realize the best way of
protecting its resources from wastage. Therefore, McDonald’s
will ensure that all the employees are doing their part and
everyone in the company is doing what seems to be
advantageous to the firm (Pastinen, 2010).
The major problem at McDonalds restaurant is the employee

accountability and motivation. There lack these qualities at
McDonalds restaurant and not just in one or two restaurants but
all the restaurants. The employees do not stick to their roles
effectively and this discourages the clients a lot. For example,
when you make an order in some of the restaurants, they take
too long to be processed. The cashiers do not process the
payment faster and do not confirm the receipt of the payment.
This delays the cooks from processing your order if it is a
special order that you have to pay fast. When you make a
custom order, the service men or women delay serving you or
when your order is displayed on the screen nobody brings it to
you even when you make a follow-up. The managers do not
respond to clients' requests either, or when he is receiving a
complaint about a certain serviceman or woman, the servicemen
and women do not bother to apologize but instead argue to
prove how right they are. The managers do not take a hard
stance on the service men and women’s poor service.
McDonalds puts emphasis on the customer as per their policies
and procedures. In their policies, they state that they are in the
business because of the customer. Thus, it is their priority to
ensure that their customers are well attended to the fullest. In
their employee relations, they state that each and every
employee is subject to a disciplinary action whenever claims of
disrespect and work neglect are laid against him or her.
The problem that there is poor customer service at most
McDonalds restaurants directly fall under this policy. The
service crew does not attend to the customers effectively and
apparently, they do not have proper respect for their leaders
since they can argue and disapprove any alleges of poor service
delivery against them.
According to the Systems Theory, all the components of an
organization are all related and whenever one variable is
changed, it will affect all the other variables. It adds that
organizations are seen as systems that are open and they interact

with their environment continuously and may adapt to the
changes in the environment.
Putting this in mind, McDonalds has sections that depend on
each other, for example, the cooks depend on confirmation of
the payment of on the special orders whereas they also depend
on the service crew on other orders made. If there happens that
one person does not do his or her part, the rest will be stuck and
will not do. Hence, the management has to ensure that the
accountability of all the workers is kept to high standards.
If the problems continue like this, the workers will be used to
this and this will be the start of the fall of McDonalds. A
serious step in making the employees accountable and
responsible should start right away by informing them of their
roles, procedures and dire disciplinary actions that may befall
those who do not adhere to the work ethics.
There exist a number of ethical issues that are likely to bring
further disagreements. The first ethical issue is offensive
communication, here when addressing each employee’s
shortcomings; they may not receive them well and end up
exchanging bitterly. Thus, proper guidance is required for the
employees to make them much considerate and understanding.
The second ethical issue may be remunerations; it could be that
they are not committed to their work because the remunerations
are not matching with the workload or responsibilities bestowed
on them. Thus to address this, the company has to add a token
to the promises they make to the staff members for great
change.
References
Loon, H. (2004). Process assessment and improvement: a
practical guide for managers, quality professionals, and
assessors. New York: Springer.

Pastinen, M. (2010). High-performance process improvement.
Heidelberg Germany London New York: Springer.
Walonick, D. (1993). Organizational Theory and Behavior.
Statpac.org. Retrieved 14 January 2018, from
http://www.statpac.org/walonick/organizational-theory.htm
Feedback to Learner
McDonald's is a perfect choice as you will have plenty of
information available to you. There was only two minorissues
that I noted in your submission.
Make sure that you do not have any first or second person
language. This is a business plan and thus would not include
this as these plans are only written from third person.
You need some sort of conclusion. You cannot end on a body
paragraph.
SWOT analysis expounds on the internal and external
environment of a company. SWOT highlights some inner
strengths that the company can leverage to ensure that it
achieves its goals, mission, and vision. On the other hand, it
identifies the internal weaknesses of organizations. It blends the
internal factors with the external aspects of the organization to
bring about the real image and state of affairs of the
organization regarding its operation and profitability (Houben,
Lenie & Vanhoof, 1999).
MC Donald’s SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Strong brand name
Mc Donald’s boasts of a good and strong brand name as far as
fast food is concerned. Many clients might attribute mc
Donald’s brands to high quality and experience of the chefs
cooking the food.

Diversified income
Mc Donald’s is a big company operating in about 120 countries
globally. Definitely, its income is not much prone to risk
because it operates in different economic regions.
Weaknesses
Negative publicity
Discussions in the past pointed that fast foods are not healthy
for consumption. Consequently, many people tend to associate
mc Donald’s with unhealthy fast foods.
High employee turnover
In the past, a notable number of employees working for
McDonald’s have left their jobs to work for other companies.
This could be associated with the fact that they are not
motivated enough to continue working for this company or
could be earning low remuneration.
Opportunities
Better menu
Globalization of trade
Threats
High competition
Increased health concerns among authorities
How I would use SWOT analysis as a Management Tool

When conducting a SWOT analysis, the process brings to light
areas that need to be fixed for the company to improve
production and satisfy the clients. In light of this fact, it is
important to note that the analysis of weaknesses of
McDonald’s allows the management to fix some issues that
might be causing inefficiencies in the process of business
operation. Due to the shortcomings of the firm, SWOT analysis
would be critical in identifying, studying and effecting
workable solutions to some of the most important aspects of an
organization such as employee turnover and negative publicity.
Because this is an internal weakness and disadvantage facing
the firm, necessary changes such as increasing incentives to
work for the company need to be implemented immediately.
Generally, employees are motivated by appraisals such as
increment of remuneration, promotions, and allowances. When
employees have a higher motivation and turnover rates are low,
there is a high likelihood that they are going to be much more
productive and would be sure to meet all the needs of the
company’s clients. Because of the tainted image of fast food
companies, exposing such a weakness would be critical in
enabling the company come up with the necessary strategies to
change the way of producing, i.e., using healthier raw materials
and better processing methods. In this change management
process, the management is charged with the responsibility of
training employees on how to produce using the newer healthy
methods. Definitely, the SWOT analysis shall be an important
tool not only in enabling the management to eliminate internal
weaknesses but also to perfect the internal environment so that
they could cope with the external environment well (Lee & Sai
On Ko, 2000).
Use Of Management Theories To Effect Change And Increase
Employee Motivation
Contingency Theory

According to this theory, business operation is based on day to
day situations of the firm. If the management focused on
improving the day to day operations of the company, much
would be realized in the long run. The decisions made by the
administration should be in response to the day to day
circumstances. Such scenarios such as delay in orders are the
leading causes of complaints among the customers. If the
management took appropriate actions to eliminate such
occurrences, McDonald’s would satisfy the customers more.
Now, the manager can either use the autocratic of leadership
approach. However, in this scenario, the manager is encouraged
to use the leadership approach to management.
Systems Theory
A careful study of the current company systems, as well as
employee motivation, is important in understanding how the
company’s operations could be the leading cause of low
employee motivation and tainted company image (Houben,
Lenie & Vanhoof, 1999). This approach encourages managers to
observe how different functions take place in different
workspaces. With this method, the management is more likely
to focus on some match-up programs that would enable the
company completes its mission and goals while fostering high
levels of employee motivation.
Chaos Theory
This theory postulates that some aspects of the organization can
be controlled while some cannot (Pickton & Wright 1998). It is
important to note that corporations can control some of the
issues such as employee motivation. As McDonald’s grow in
complexity and reach out to many more clients, it is important
that the necessary changes that target employee motivation and
cleaning the company image be effected to increase the
organization’s tenacity to maintain the new size. Because of the

increasing size, perhaps it should not focus on healthier fast
foods as compared to just increasing the volume of sales.
Change should be continuous, and consequently, organizations
should continue to evolve and change.
Theory X and Theory Y
This theory posits that the management should apply some
subtle psychological strategies in order help motivate
employees to perform better in their workplaces. The
administration ought to find ways of affecting the beliefs of the
employee and in turn positively impacting their attitudes
towards their job performance. This theory needs the managers
to believe that employees need motivation and other incentives
for them to upsurge their productivity (Lee & Sai On Ko, 2000).
Such managers are believers in the X management theory. On
the other hand, managers should trust their employees and
motivate them not only to attain their personal goals but the
organization’s goals as well (Pickton & Wright 1998).
Managers that seek to inspire their employees to participate in
the running of the company are believers in theory Y.
References
Houben, G., Lenie, K., & Vanhoof, K. (1999). A knowledge-
based SWOT-analysis system as an instrument for strategic
planning in small and medium sized enterprises. Decision
support systems, 26(2), 125-135
Lee, S. F., & Sai On Ko, A. (2000). Building balanced scorecard
with SWOT analysis, and implementing “Sun Tzu’s The Art of
Business Management Strategies” on QFD methodology.
Managerial Auditing Journal, 15(1/2), 68-76.
Pickton, D. W., & Wright, S. (1998). What's swot in strategic
analysis?. Strategic change, 7(2), 101-109.
Feedback to Learner

Thank you for submitting to me your completed SWOT
analysis! The SWOT analysis looks great, but your SWOT was a
bit hard to follow. Below is a sample SWOT. You want to put
this into some form of table.
http://www.conceptdraw.com/How-To-Guide/picture/SWOT-
Analysis-Government-Contract.png
Overall, good work!
Mc Donald’s SWOT matrix
Strengths
Strong brand name
Diversified income
Weaknesses
High employee turnover rate
Negative publicity
Opportunities
Globalization of economies
Better menus
Threats
High competition from the fast food contenders
Increased health concerns among public health officials
Turning the company’s weaknesses into strengths

Negative publicity
Discussions in the past pointed that fast foods are not healthy
for consumption. Consequently, many people tend to associate
mc Donald’s with unhealthy fast foods.
High employee turnover
In the recent past, a notable number of employees working for
mc Donald’s have left their jobs to work for other companies.
This could be associated with the fact that they are not
motivated enough to continue working for this company or
could be earning low remuneration.
Using management model to turn the company’s weaknesses
into strengths
The two weaknesses of the company, which are high employee
turnover rates and negative publicity can be turned into an
advantages. When it comes to high employee turnover rates, it
is essential to consider the use management theories, which are
the contingent and the systems approach to management.
However, if better results are to be realized spontaneously,
contingency approach to management of the company and its
operations would be the most appropriate (Rosemann, &
Brocke, 2015). This theory postulates that control of processes
and improvement should be founded on the day to day operation
of the company. At its core, it focuses on improving the daily
activity of the firm with a long-term aim of improving
efficiency and satisfying the customer. Unlike the systems
approach, this theory would be benevolent to the company
because it shall take into account the current situation while
considering the ever-changing needs of the clients. When it
comes to employee turnover, the contingency theory shall be
used to respond to day to day activities and circumstances by
taking into account the number of employees that leave their

jobs for employment in contender companies or even other
fields. Now, after recognizing the problem, the management
shall swing into action and identify the possible causes of the
high rates of employee turnover. When coming up with the
roots of the problem, necessary data shall be gathered to further
highlight the severity of the situation. Now, the managers shall
barnstorm the possible solutions to the problem. After coming
up with some answers, they are tasked with the responsibility of
selecting the best alternatives to effect a long lasting solution.
Such a process is vital in highlighting the contemporary
employee needs and preferences. This would, in turn, create a
more modern and appropriate solution to the high rates of
employee turnover. This type of strategy and approach to
management encourages the manager to adopt leadership
approach to management. This method involves leading from
example and mentoring employees so that they can feel part and
parcel of the company and in turn be part of the shared vision
and mission. If the management takes into account the needs of
the current employees, it would, in turn, motivate them to work
for the company. Satisfied employees are more likely to
represent the company with zeal thus creating an excellent
corporate image and client satisfaction (Rosemann, & Brocke,
2015).
Negative publicity is mainly caused by the thought that fast
foods are unhealthy as they lead to eating disorders such as
obesity. Due to this, many people tend to associate giant fast
food companies with unhealthy food menus. In as much as Mc
Donald’s has the best food menus as compared to other fast
food companies, the thought that their foods are unhealthy
might be detrimental to the company success in future. With the
contingency approach to management, a swift response to this
situation shall be appropriate in creating a good corporate image
and in turn helping the company restore back the confidence of
the clients and the general public in their meals (Möller, 2013).
The management shall gather enough information regarding this

situation, head over to brainstorm and come up with possible
solutions to it. In the process of brainstorming, the
administration is charged with the responsibility of gathering
enough information regarding the causes of such a dogma
among the general public. Many health advisors in the current
times tend to advise the general public that fast foods are
unhealthy and would lead to the development of health
problems with extended use.
The management ought to sit down and have a discussion about
how they are going to restore back the confidence of the clients
and the general public. In light of this fact, advertisement and a
clear explanation of the process that they take when preparing
the food is essential in educating the clients and letting them
know that the food they eat is fit for their health. When coming
up with an advertisement, it is essential that the ad highlight on
the process that the food goes through before it can ultimately
be sold to the general public. With this type of information, the
general public rests assured that the food they take is safe and
healthy to an ultimate degree.
How marketing theories can help improve the process proposal
An appropriate blend of marketing theories and other forms of
marketing is essential in ensuring that the process improvement
plan would push through successfully. This is because, without
the correct marketing strategies, the new products of the
company shall fail (Gummerus, 2013). When making the
products, it would be essential to tailor-make them to suit the
needs of the choosy clients. By that, I mean that they should be
designed to meet the health standards of the current times. By
boosting the employee motivation to work for the firm, they
shall work with zeal to avail the product at the right time. Even
if getting some healthier raw Materials and taking on some new
processes of producing the products might be expensive, pricing
of the products shall also determine whether or not the product

shall compete favorably in the market (Becker, Kugeler, &
Rosemann, 2013). When doing promotions, highlighting the
specific details that are associated with preparing the food
would be important in assuring the clients that they are getting
something worth the value of their money. Even if the new
process of production shall be a little expensive, it is important
to note that advertising serves the critical function of ensuring
that the client knows that they are getting products that are
healthy. The products shall also target the younger generation.
In the advertisement, it is vital to create some form of culture
and trend in the new food. By that, the younger generation is
more likely to take the new menus as part and parcel of their
lifestyles.
References
Becker, J., Kugeler, M., & Rosemann, M. (Eds.). (2013).
Process management: a guide for the design of business
processes. Springer Science & Business Media.
Gummerus, J. (2013). Value creation processes and value
outcomes in marketing theory: strangers or siblings?. Marketing
Theory, 13(1), 19-46.
Möller, K. (2013). Theory map of business marketing:
Relationships and networks perspectives. Industrial Marketing
Management, 42(3), 324-335.
Rosemann, M., & vom Brocke, J. (2015). The six core elements
of business process management. In Handbook on business
process management 1 (pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin
Heidelberg.
Feedback to Learner
Thank you for submitting to me your completed process

proposal. Please see my comments and feedback below.
Your marketing theory section was a bit confusing. You needed
to choose one specific marketing theory and write 1 full page on
that. This reads as though you are just talking about marketing
theories in general.
Make sure you are not using questions as a title. This reads as
though you are writing a question and answer form rather than
an academic paper.
Overall, really solid work here.
Goals and Objectives
By implementing the new process of food and employee
retention strategies, McDonalds will be able to optimize
increased sales and increased production. With the new
process, the company will also optimize both short term and
long-term goals contributing to the overall mission and vision
(Campbell, 2016). Short term goals that the company wishes to
accomplish within 6 months of implementation of the new
process are:
15% Reduction in turnover rates
3% increment in sales
2% increment in profits
50% reduction in use of synthetic food additives and
ingredients.
Conduct employee training, motivation activities and workshops
every 2 months.
With those short term goals, the company will build a good
company image and cut the employee turnover rates.

Timeline for implementation of the new processes
Because the new process requires a great deal of resources and
time, it is important that it is implemented at the beginning of
the second half of the accounting year. This means that the new
process will be implemented at the beginning of the month of
July, 2018. It is important that the new processes are
implemented in this period so that the company can devote some
resources and be able to account for it at the end of the
accounting period (TriplePundit, 2011). The new process
implementation schedule goes as follows:
2nd to 6th July 2018: Employee Training Workshop
In the workshop, employees are going to be trained on current
holistic food processing methods. Due to new processes being
implemented, the company is going to hire new cooks/chefs who
are going to teach other employees on the new, holistic and
organic methods of food processing. The activity of hiring a
new cook/chef will be done from 9th to 13th July 2018.
How the new process will improve the organization?
After implementation of the new processes, the McDonald’s
research team will do some research in order to ascertain if the
new processes are effecting the desired changes in the
organization (Campbell, 2016). However, the new processes are
expected to bring about some changes which the researchers
shall use to measure against the projected changes. The new
process is expected to produce the following results by the end
of December 2018.
15% Reduction in turnover rates
3% increment in sales
2% increment in profits

5% reduction in the production cost
10% increment of the North American fast food market share
How management theories shall be of help in implementing the
new processes
The contingency theory
The contingency theory shall be of great help when it comes to
solving the day to day issues in order to ensure that everything
that takes place in the organization is in line with what the new
processes targets to achieve for McDonald’s.
Systems approach
When implementing the new processes, systems approach to
management of the organization will be important in ensuring
that the organization puts in place the right organizational
structure that will meet the needs of the new processes.
References
Campbell, J. (2016). SMART criteria. Salem Press
Encyclopedia. Retrieved from
http://vlib.excelsior.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/l
ogin.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=100259301&site=eds-
live&scope=site
TriplePundit. (2011). Set SMART goals to effect organizational
change. Retrieved from
http://www.triplepundit.com/2011/12/start-smart-finish-first/
Feedback to Learner
This is much improved, but your goals need to have some sort
of time frame. Based on these goals, as long as a 15% reduction

is achieved at some point in the future, such as 2050, then it
was a success. Additionally, I did not see your time line
wherein you list out all goals and objectives with a deadline.
(This section needs a lot of work)
Process Improvement Plan: Identifying Resources
Practically, everything that we do either personally or
collectively needs or undergoes a process. Although processes
vary in nature and significance, it is paramount to acknowledge
that without them it would be difficult for business to continue
as usual in our personal lives or at the organizational level.
Although personal processes are most often owned by
individuals, more complex ones are owned by institutions and
spread across departments. In this regard, they are therefore
done collectively as every individual becomes a stakeholder in
one or more processes. The most common goal of a process is to
improve the way things are done. Therefore, process
improvement plan can be defined as a means of creating a
standard strategy for enhancing or making things better
(Johnson, Mirada, Aakre, Roberts, Patel & Krecke, 2010). The
plan involves answering several questions such as which
processes need to be improved, how the process will be
effected, what are the needed resources, how the process is to
be audited, how training is to be done and many others.
The following plan will largely involve providing a rationale for
the identified resources required in a business or organization.
The key objective is to perpetually evaluate issues and create a
system that prevents preceding failures while establishing a
management configuration that eases improvement in the
organization. To get a background of the institution, it is worthy
of note that it faces numerous challenges such as customer
decline, reduction in qualified personnel, diminishing
accountability and misappropriation of funds as well as
diminishing expectations from the stakeholders. In consequence,

there is a need to improve and change how the organization is
managed in order to improve its status and restore the
stakeholders’ confidence.
In order to fulfill its goal and objectives, the business aims to
investigate key procedures with a view to identifying and
eradicating redundancy, internal control deficiencies, and the
unnecessary wastage of resources such as money, people and
time. By so doing, the company aims to capitalize and prioritize
opportunities that enhance its relationship with the customers.
Secondly, the company will apply the Basic Software Process
Modelto identify shortages in core processes that fundamentally
impact the organization (El Gabry, 2017). Identifying
deficiencies in key areas and recommitting action plan for
improvement is a significant step intended to optimize the use
of available resources and identify where technology-based
solutions may be required to sustain the improvement plan. The
approach required to effect this requires establishing a team of
key stakeholders who will be impacted by the improvement
(Johnson et al, 2010).
Human resource management is a key issue in ensuring that the
organization functions smoothly. Specifically, human resource
includes all people or staff within an organization and they are a
basic asset. In our institution, we aim to implement a lean
structured workforce in order to improve the company
operations. As the cornerstone for log-term success, the
institution needs to invest in the people working for it. This is
in recognition that people are an exceptional resource that can
make or break an organization. To make a difference, the
establishment will invest in training its workforce to ensure
they know and understand institutional policies and objectives
as well their duties and responsibilities. This will guarantee
competency and efficiency at work.
Streamlining the human resource requires another resource, that

is, money. Unquestionably, money can be equated to lubricants
that are essential in the smooth functioning of machinery. In
this respect, it means that a budget will be drawn to facilitate
regular hiring and
training of employees. The money set aside in the budget will in
particular be used to organize the training, avail training
materials and pay the trainers.
Besides investing in direct human resource training, it is also
vital to downsize goals by rationalizing operations. This can be
doe through software such as the employee performance
management plan (ePMP). Therefore, digitizing the institution’s
process improvement strategy must also feature in the budget
allocation. The software is meant to facilitate management by
objectives (MBO) and will be completed by every professional
employee on quarterly or yearly basis. This will involve a
participative goal-setting procedure that eases how the
managers, supervisors and their subordinates formulate, pursue,
achieve and confirm accomplishments of their set goals
(Anthony, 2018). The application of error-free and dependable
software in production and marketing strategies is also
important. Moreover, a suitable quality management tool is also
crucial to gather and present data, identify process enhancement
prospects and determine the level of improvement realized.
Such software accompanied by relevant hardware materials must
be within the budget and effort should be made to procure and
deliver them without delay. Financially, the privately-owed
company is stable and can produce sufficient resources to allow
for the envisioned transformation.
Generally, after designing the process improvement plan, it is
important to prepare an implementation plan for the
improvements. This involves monitoring the improvements in
order to establish the impact and guarantee continued success.
The best way to measure success is to generate quality products
and services that are appreciated in the target market. Overall,
the success of a process improvement plan will be determined

by quality, customer satisfaction in the housing sector and
maximized profit.
References
Anthony, L. (2018). Why is goal setting important in
organizations? Retrieved from
smallbusiess.chron.com/goal-setting-important-organizations-
2509.html
El Gabry, O. (2017). Software engineering – software process
ad software process models (part
2). Retrieved from https://ediu.com/omarelgabrys-
blog/software-engineering-software
-and-software-process-odels-part-2-4a06213fdc
Johnson, C. D., Mirada, R., Aakre, T. K., Roberts, C. Patel, D.
M. & Krecke, K. (2010). Process
improvement: What is it, why is it important, and how is it
done? American Journal of
Roentgenology, 194, 461-468.
Feedback to Learner
You had a good start here, but your submission was a bit
confusing. I do not see where you identified any specific
resources. You mention things like software, but nowhere did
you mention specific software. In a resource proposal you need
to state, very specifically, what you need. Instead of saying you
need software, which is just a category, you might say you need
Microsoft Office. Additionally, no where did you mention
specific dollar amounts tied to your resources. You are told that
for each resource you should be identifying the time, people,
and money needed.
Budget spreadsheet goes here (separate attachment)
Feedback to Learner
Thank you for submitting to me your budget, but your budget
reads as though it is for the entire restaurant rather than just
your project. For example, how is the operating income tied to

your project? This would only be included if your project
directly generates income. Remember, this is just a template and
you can modify it.
Additionally, are these numbers in thousands? If so, you would
need to state that or else it reads as though everything will cost
$5620.
Risk assessment and management can be defined as a
continuous management process which is meant to reveal,
analyze and assess any potential hazardous events in a system,
and come up with concrete and efficient risk control measures
that will certainly eliminate or reduce possible harm to people,
or assets (Haimes, 2015). Before a process goes through this
stage, an organization should have already placed an identified
process in motion. This means that a budget and the necessary
resources will have been identified. Only then will it be viable
to conduct a risk assessment and management of the process.
This paper therefore intends to propose a risk assessment and
management process of McDonalds, having identified a
deficient process that will help the organization improve its
service delivery. First, the importance of having such a plan is
assessed;
Importance of Risk Assessment
Assessment of risks has been vital in enabling businesses avoid
losses. Most times losses in business are a result of unforeseen
risks which adversely affect the business’s normal operation
when they occur. As a result of such occurrences, organizations
loose the most important resources, which is productivity and
therefore will end up languishing in losses. If a business is able
to foresee hence access and manage these risks, then they will
be able to establish counter strategies is easy and avoidance of
loss altogether.
Risks assessment and management helps businesses such as
McDonalds define and achieve their future objectives. This is
because when decisions about the future are made without

putting to consideration the likely risks, there is likelihood of
losing focus in the event of a risk. Instead of focusing on the
organizations’ goals, employees and other key stakeholders will
concentrate on dealing with the risks which will most likely
lead to stalling of progressive programs and eventually cause
loss. It is better to plan for risks even if they will not occur than
fail to plan for them and then suffer losses when they occur.
Management of risks such as accidents that could impact on the
productivity of a business ensures that there is a healthy
working environment. Consequently, when workers feel secure
about the environment they are working in, they are more likely
to be motivated to work and thus become more productive. This
ends up contributing to growth in company revenues and
eventually more growth (Haimes, 2015).
Looking at the various risks that can affect the functioning of a
business is also very crucial in determining the insurance
requirement of a business. Through proper analysis of possible
risks, the business managers are able to know what they need to
protect themselves against and therefore avoid losses (Bryson,
2018). This also helps in avoiding incurrence of litigation costs
especially if the risks affect third parties. For instance, a
company that manufactures chemicals could pose a risk to the
environment as a result of waste disposal. Therefore, to avoid
legal suits that most times end in hefty fines or even business
closure, the company can invest in a recycling plant to prevent
the wastes polluting the environment.
Lastly, it is evident that risk assessment and management is an
integral part of budgeting. It is by assessing the possible risks
that a business can set aside the necessary allocations to tackle
the risks. For instance, in areas prone to theft, the company can
raise the allocation to the security department. This would
ensure that the equipment that are required to secure the
business premises are available.
Barriers to effective risk assessment and management

While creating a risk assessment plan may seem like a straight
forward process, there are some hindrances that may make the
whole process a little difficult. The first one has to do with the
general culture of the institution. Organizational culture
becomes problematic when the institution is more concerned
about service delivery and completely ignores the issues of
concern that may harm the business. This is further manifested
in the way the organization puts all its focus in the achievement
of the objectives set forgetting to handle the risks associated
with the programs themselves. It is therefore evident that at this
point, there is disconnect, making the business more vulnerable
(Haimes, 2015).
Another problem that has hindered proper handling of risk is the
acceptance and tolerance of very low standards at work (Bryson,
2018). This means accepting a way of doing things that is below
average and that exposes the whole institution to attack. The top
management is most of the time to blame for allowing poor
standards and lack of commitment and dedication within the
organization.
Risk assessment and management has also been affected by lack
of or inadequate communication between the different teams
and departments within the organization (Gallagher,
MacKenzie, Blum, & Boerman, 2016). It is known that for the
achievement of the goals and objectives of any given
organization, there has to be unity and collaboration between
the different departments and teams.
It can therefore be concluded that, in order for risk to be
managed and assessed, it is crucial that competition, distrust
and overall poor relations amongst all the important

stakeholders in the organization be dealt with. This will
automatically result into an environment that ensures the
organization is safe and profitable. To properly access and
manage these risks therefore, organizations should ensure that
nobody assumes that monitoring, performance management and
corrective actions are the responsibility of someone else.
Instead, the employees and other relevant stakeholders should
commit themselves to ensuring that they mitigate risks as much
as possible. Adherence to the established management systems
and adequate training and supervision can also play a
fundamental role in dealing with the risks.
References
Bryson, J. M. (2018). Strategic planning for public and
nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining
organizational achievement. John Wiley & Sons.
Gallagher, M. A., MacKenzie, C. A., Blum, D. M., & Boerman,
D. A. (2016). Improving Risk Assessment Communication.
Military Operations Research Society Journal, 2(1), 5.
Haimes, Y. Y. (2015). Risk modeling, assessment, and
management. John Wiley & Sons.
Feedback to Learner
Thank you for submitting to me your completed risk assessment.
Please see my comments and feedback below.
Be mindful of phrasing. This reads as though you are writing a
paper on how to create a risk assessment rather than actually
making a risk assessment. You should not have any general
information about what a risk assessment is as you would not
find that in an actual risk assessment.
Per the instructions "Include an explanation as to how you plan
to use your chosen management theories in order to manage the

identified risks of implementing the new process.".
I do not see where you addressed this.
Overall, good work identifying the risks but you want to make
this more specific.
Introduction
An action plan is a very important tool in as far as strategic
management is concerned. This is because it reveals the course
of action that will be undertaken in order to achieve the ultimate
goal of any given project (KU Work Group for Community
Health and Development, 2018). In this case, the action plan
described will be used to identify the steps needed to complete
the plan, the individuals responsible for incorporating changes,
the specific timeframe for completing specific steps in the
project and finally the resources necessary to complete each
step. More importantly the action plan will provide a
communication channel connecting the audience and
stakeholders of the project. All these are summarized in the
table below;
Table Action Plan
Action
Resources
Time allocated
Responsible person
Deadline
Build 5 more Restaurants
Land
Buildings
Furniture and Fixtures

Machinery
1 year
CEO
In 1 financial year
Increase Advertising to three major platforms
Funds
Social Media Platforms
Workforce
2 weeks
Marketing Manager
Sales Manager
Two weeks after opening
Introduce new food items on the menu
Food Suppliers
Kitchen Equipment
1 week
Restaurant manager
Within a week
Increase sales force by 10 people
Wages
Recruitment Team
1 week
Marketing Manager
Sales manager
Within a week
Grow market share by at least 4%
1 year
General Manager

Sales manager
By the end of the current financial year
Improve shareholder relations
1 year
CEO
General manager
In the course of the financial year
Communication
Communication is very important when it comes to working as a
team to achieve a specific goal. From the action plan designed
above, it is clear that there are several players responsible for
specific roles. For this particular case, communication will
follow a particular chain of command represented by the
following hierarchy:
As indicated by the arrows, information is expected to flow
from the CEO to the teams responsible while feedback flows in
the opposite direction.
Reference
KU Work Group for Community Health and Development.
(2018). Developing an action plan. In Community toolbox
(Chapter 8, Section 5). Retrieved from
http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/structure/strategic-
planning/develop-action-plans/main
No feedback from professor to date.

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