2. OSCAR NIEMEYER (1907-2012)
• OSCAR NIEMEYER WAS BORN ON DECEMBER 12 1907 IN
RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL.
• GRADUATED FROM BARNABITAS COLLEGE IN 1923.
• HE JOINED THE OFFICES OF LÚCIO COSTA, AN
ARCHITECT FROM THE MODERNIST SCHOOL.
• OSCAR NIEMEYER IS A BRASILIAN
ARCHITECT,CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE MOST
INFLUENTIAL NAMES IN INTERNATIONAL MODERN
ARCHITECTURE.
• NIEMEYER WAS BEST KNOWN FOR HIS DESIGNS OF
CIVIC BUILDING OF BRASILIA.
• HE IS PIONEER IN EXPLORATION OF DESIGNS WITN
REINFORCED CONCRETE.
• NIEMEYER WAS MOST FAMOUS FOR HIS USE OF
ABSTRACT FORMS AND CURVES.
3. LIFE AND CAREER
• HE PURSUED HIS PASSION AT THE
NATIONAL SCHOOL OF FINE ARTS IN BIO DE
JANEIRO AND GRADUATED WITH AB.A IN
AECHITECTURE IN 1934.
• AFTER GRADUATING, HE WORKED IN HIS
FATHER’S TYPOGRAPHY HOUSE.
• EVEN THOUGH HE WAS NOT FINANCIALLY
STABLE, HE INSISTED ON WORKING IN THE
ARCHITECTURE STUDIO OF LUCIO COSTA,
GREGORI WARCHAVCHIK AND CARLOS
LEAO.
4. AWARDS
1. LENIN PEACE PRIZE (1963)
2. PRITZKER ARCHITECTURE PRIZE (1988)
3. ORDER OF FRIENDSHIP (1988)
4. PRINCE OF ASTURIAS AWARD FOR THE
ARTS (1989)
5. ORDER OF ST. GREGORY THE GREAT
(1990)
6. MILITARY ORDER OF SAINT JAMES OF THE
SWORD (1994)
7. ROYAL GOLD MEDAL (1998)
5. INFLUENCES AND INSPIRATIONS
• THE CORBUSIAN INFLUENCE IS EVIDENT IN THE EARLY WORKS OF OSCAR NIEMEYER.
• THE ARCHITECTURE OF BRASILIA, GLIMPSED IN THE SKETCHES SUBMITTED BY LUCIO
COSTA FOR THE INTERNATIONAL DESIGN CONTEST FOR THE NEW CAPITAL OF BRAZIL,
WAS THE RESULT OF OSCAR NIEMEYER 'S DEFINITIVE IMPETUS ON THE SCENE OF THE
INTERNATIONAL HISTORY OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE.
• THE CONCAVE AND CONVEX DOMES OF THE NATIONAL CONGRESS AND THE COLUMNS OF
THE ALVORADA AND PLANALTO PALACES AND THE SUPREME COURT ARE HIGHLY
ORIGINAL FEATURES. COMBINING THESE WITH THE SPECTACULAR FORMS OF THE
COLUMNS OF THE CATHEDRAL AND THE PALACES OF ITAMARATY AND JUSTICA, OSCAR
NIEMEYER SUCCEEDED IN CLOSING THE RECTANGULAR AND SYMMETRICAL
PERSPECTIVE FORMED BY THE REPETITION OF THE ESPLANADA AND MINISTRY
BUILDINGS.
6. • ABSTRACT FORMS AND CURVES.
• FREE FLOWINF SENSUAL CURVES.
• HIS DESIGNS WERE MAINLY OF CURVED ARCHITECTURE AND IS FAMOUS FOR REVOLUTIONARY
USE OF CONCRETE.
• HIS BUILDINGS ARE CHARACTERISED BY SPACIOUS AND EXPOSED, MIXING VOLUMES AND
EMPTY SPACE TO CREATE UNCONVENTIONAL PATTERNS.
• SIMPLE STRUCTURE WITHOUT MUCH ORNAMENTATION.
• “I WAS ATTRACTED BY THE CURVE — THE LIBERATED, SENSUAL CURVE SUGGESTED BY THE
POSSIBILITIES OF NEW TECHNOLOGY YET SO OFTEN RECALLED IN VENERABLE OLD BAROQUE
CHURCHES.”
• “MY WORK IS NOT ABOUT ‘FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION,’ BUT ‘FORM FOLLOWS BEAUTY’ OR, EVEN
BETTER, ‘FORM FOLLOWS FEMININE.’”
DESIGN, IDEOLOGIES AND PHILOSOPHIES
7. • “I CREATED ARCHITECTURE WITH COURAGE AND IDEALISM, BUT ALSO WITH AN
AWARENESS OF THE FACT THAT WHAT IS IMPORTANT IN LIFE, FRIENDS AND ATTEMPTING
TO MAKE THIS UNJUST WORLD A BETTER PLACE IN WHICH TO LIVE.”
• “ARCHITECTURE DOES NOT CHANGE ANYTHING. IT’S ALWAYS ON THE SIDE OF THE
WEALTHY. THE IMPORTANT THING IS TO BELIEVE THAT IT CAN MAKE LIFE BETTER.”
• “ARCHITECTURE WAS MY WAY OF EXPRESSING MY IDEALS: TO BE SIMPLE, TO CREATE A
WORLD EQUAL TO EVERYONE, TO LOOK AT PEOPLE WITH OPTIMISM, THAT EVERYONE HAS
A GIFT. I DON’T WANT ANYTHING BUT GENERAL HAPPINESS.
8. KEY ELEMENTS
• ABSTRACT FORMS AND CURVES.
• FREE FLOWING SENSUAL CURVES.
• CURVED ARCHITECTURE THROUGH REVOLUTIONARY
USAGE OF CONCRETE.
• HIS BUILDINGS ARE CHARECTERISED BY BEING
SPACIOUS AND EXPOSED,MIXING VOLUMES AND EMPTY
SPACE TO CREATE UNCONVENTIONAL PATTERNS.
• SIMPLE STRUCTURE WITHOUT MUCH ORNAMENTATION.
9. • ORGANIC MODERN STYLE
• URBANISM, MODERNISM AND
CONTEMPORARY STYLES.
• TO CREATE A WORLD EQUAL TO EVERYONE.
• TO LOOK AT PEOPLE WITH OPTIMISM.
CONCEPT AND STYLE
10. • CIVIC BUILDINGS FOR BRASILIA.
• PLANNED CITY FOR BRAZIL’S CAPITAL.(1960)
• EXPLORATION OF THE AESTHETIC
POSSIBILITIES OF RCC
• THE PAMPULHA PROJECT
• NITERÓI CONTEMPORARY ART MUSEUM
• OSCAR NIEMEYER MUSEUM
• BRAZILIAN NATIONAL MUSEUM
• ESTAÇÃO CABO BRANCO, JOÃO PESSOA,
BRAZIL
• OSCAR NIEMEYER INTERNATIONAL
CULTURAL CENTRE, ASTURIAS, SPAIN
• NATAL CITY PARK TOWER, NATAL, BRAZIL
WORKS
11. • THE NITEROI CONTEMPORARY ART MUSEUM IS
SITUATED IN THE CITY OF NITEROI,RIO DE
JANEIRO,BRAZIL,AND IS ONE OF THE CITY,S MAIN
LANDMARK.IT WAS COMPLETED IN 1996.
• DESIGNED NY NIEMEYER WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER BURNO CONTARINI,WHO HAD
WORK WITH NIEMEYER ON EARLIER PROJECTS,THE
MAC-NITEROI IS 16M HIGH;ITS CUPOLA HAS A
DIAMETER OF 50M WITH THREE FLOORS.
THE NITEROI CONTEMPORARY ART MUSEUM
12. • A WIDE ACCESS SLOPE
LEADS TO A HALL OF
EXPOSITIONS,WHICH HAS A
CAPACITY FOR SIXTY
PEOPLE.
• TWO DOORS LEAD TO THE
VIEWING GALLERY,THROUGH
WHICH CAN BE SEEN THE
GUANABARA BAY,RIO DE
JANEIRO,AND SUGARLOAF
MOUNTAIN.
• THE SAUCER SHAPED
STRUCTURE.
19. • THE OSCAR NIEMEYER INTERNATIONAL
CULTURAL CENTRE IS THE RESULT OF THE
COMBINATION OF A CULTURAL COMPLEX
DESIGNED BY BRAZILIAN ARCHITECT
NIEMEYER AND AN INTERNATIONAL
CULTURAL PROJECT,THE CENTER IS
LOCATED IN ASTURIAS (SPAIN).IT WAS
INAUGURATED ON 26 MAY 2011.
OSCAR NIEMEYER CULTURAL CENTRE
20. • THE CULTURAL CENTER OCCUPYING 178,950-SQUARE-FOOT
CONTAINS FOUR STRUCTURES WHICH TOGETHER FORM THE
PLAZA: A 961-PERSON AUDITORIUM, A DOMED OPEN-PLAN
MUSEUM, A LOOKOUT TOWER, AND A MULTIPURPOSE
BUILDING THAT HOUSES A THEATER, MEETING AND
CONFERENCE ROOMS. THE PROJECT OVERLOOKING THE
ESTUARY OF RIA DE AVILÉS IS PART OF LARGER SCALE
INITIATIVE THAT MEANS TO REVITALIZE THE CITY’S INDUSTRIAL
PORT.
• THE DESIGN BEGAN FROM A FEW SKETCHES MADE WITH
BLACK MARKER; THIS IS THE POINT WHERE AN ARCHITECT IS
TRULY FREE, WHERE THERE ARE NO CONSTRAINTS AND THE
ACT OF CREATION IS AT ITS BEST. THE BUILDING DOES NOT
IMPRESS THROUGH ITS COMPLEXITY BUT THROUGH THE
SIMPLE SHAPES THAT GAVE BIRTH TO THE VOLUMES FORMING
THE MODERNIST BUILDING WHICH, ALONG WITH THE BRIGHT
RED AND YELLOW CREATE AN OUTSTANDING COMPOSITION.
21. • THE NIEMEYER CENTRE IS FORMED BY FIVE
ELEMENTS THAT COMPLEMENT ONE EACH OTHER
• THE OPEN SQUARE
• THE AUDITORIUM
• THE DOME
• THE TOWER
• THE MULTI PURPOSE BUILDING
• STYLE AND COLOURS
THE MAIN FEATURES IN NIEMEYER,S WORK ARE
THE CURVES.
THE COLOURS ARE ALSO FEATURES
MAINLY WHITE,RED,YELLOW AND BLUE
22. SITE PLAN
OPEN SQUARE POR
HUMAN KIND
SIGHT SEEING TOWER
MULTCIPURPOSE HALL
EXHIBITION HALL
AUDITORIUM
25. • SIMPLE STRUCTURES WITHOUT MUCH ORNAMENTATION.
• MOULDING THE REIN FORCED CONCRETE INTO MANY CONTEMPORARY FORMS.
• NOT RESTRICTING TO TRADITIONAL STRAIGHT LINES.
• CREATING SPACES IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT HAS LARGE OPEN SPACES FOR
INTERACTION OF PEOPLE.
• DESIGNING THE STRUCTURE IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT DOESN’T EFFECT THE
SURROUNDINGS NATURAL FEATURES.
• USAGE OF BRIGHT COLOURS ONLY TO HIGHLIGHT SOME IMPORTANT PARTS OF THE
DESIGN.
CONCLUSIONS AND LEARNINGS
26. THANK YOU
P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE P.P.S.U.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE
18SA02AR028 - PRINCE SHINGALA
19SA02AR001 - HARSH KUVADIYA
18SA02AR024 - PAL SALIYA
18SA02AR018 - DIVYESH PADSALA
