Biomarker

1. BIO MARKER
COURSE CODE:
ESD323
COURSE TITLE:
ENVIROMENTAL
TOXICOLOGY

2. OVER VIEW
What is Bio Marker?
Example Of Bio Marker
Basic Components
Importance of Bio marker
Frame Work For Risk Assessment
Role Of Biomarker in
Environmental Risk Assessment

3. What is Bio Marker?
 A biologic feature that can be used to
measure the presence or progress of
disease or the effects of treatment
A biomarker is a substance in the body
that can be measured and used to tell
doctors and scientists something about
the health of a person

4. Example Of Bio Marker
DISEASE BIOMARKER
DIABETES RBS,FBS
HEART FAILUER PRO-BNP
ASTHMA PFTs
CANCER PSA
CARDIAC Troponins

5. Basic Components
Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, usually with a
hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1
Proteins
A large molecule composed of one or more chains
of amino acids in a specific order
Nucleic Acids
A nucleic acid is a polymeric macromolecule made
up of repeated units of monomeric nucleotides

6. Importance of Bio
marker
In
Toxicology
For
Determinatio
n of toxic
mechanism
Clinical
Trials
For
Drug
Develop
ment
Risk
Assessment
Actual or
potential
presence of
specific risk
characteristics

7. Frame Work For Risk Assessment
Source: Adapted From EPA

8. Problem Formulation
Here the purpose of the assessment is sated and the
problem is also defined .The process made up of
several elements. Such as discussion between risk
assessor and risk manager, ecological effects , end
point selection, stressors effects
Analysis
Analysis is directed by the out come of Problem
Formulation. It contain 2 phase:
1. Characterization Of Exposure
2. Characterization Of Ecological Effects

9. Risk characterization
The third and final step of risk assessment is Risk
characterization . This involves integration and
evolution of exposure and effects information .
The widely used method for risk estimating is
QUOTIENT method .
QUOTIENT=
𝑬𝒙𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑬𝒏𝒗𝒊𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝑬𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕

10. The quotient is generally judged by
given criteria in given below:
QUOTIENT RISK
>1 High
=1 Potential
<1 Low

11. Role Of Biomarker in Environmental
Risk Assessment
The most compelling reason for using
biomarkers in environmental risk
assessment is that they yield
information about the effects of
pollutants. Thus their use in
biomonitoring is complementary to the
more usual monitoring by determining
or predicting residue levels

12. Thank you
Everyone