Contextual Case Study (Asian Architecture)

1. ASIAN ARCHITECTURE|CONTECTEXTUREARCHITECTURESTUDY|SMALLHOUSEBYUNEMORIARCHITECTS|TAN JINGWEI|0320137|TUTOR:MR.KOH JING HAO
Japanisafourseasoncountry,
weatherduringheatingseasonishot
andhumid,whileduringcoolingseason
iscoldandbreezy.
ThedesignerdesignedtwodifferebtThedesignerdesignedtwodifferebt
sizeswindowsattwooppositefacade
andatdifferentheighttocreatestack
effectventilation,whichiscommonin
Japan,duetostackeffectwillcause
airinfiltration.
Thedesignercreatesceiling-to-floor
windowsatbothleftandrightfacade
toensuretheroomsareenvelopedin
lightandwindasifatoutside.
Duringtheheatingseason,the
warmerindoorairrisesupthrough
thebuildingandescapesatthe
higherpointthroughthesmaller
window at2F.
Therisingwarm airreducestheTherisingwarm airreducesthe
pressureinthebaseofthe
building,thusitwilldraw coldair
infrom lowerpointthroughthe
largerwindow at1F.
Duringthecoolingseason,the
stackeffectisreversed.
Featuresrelatedtothe
FormoftheBuilding
建物の形態に関する特徴
Takingupasquare-shapedfootprintthe
designoftheSmallHouseisa
free-standingvolumewithvertical
arrangementofindividualprograms
(thatcanbeaccessedthroughacentral
spiralstaircase),extendingthespace
andenhancingthevisualofthesmall
buildingtolookbroadandmassiveatbuildingtolookbroadandmassiveat
thesametime.
Withintheunassumingexteriorskin,
nowindowslendingviewsofthe
interiorareseen from thestreet
level.Elevatedportionsofthe
elevationpeelopentocreategill-like
slitsthatbringlightintothe
interiorasthewalloftheinterior
roomsborderstheoutside.roomsborderstheoutside.
Thedesignerputstwowindowsin
thebestpositiontoletthesunlight
andthewindinandalsoofferthe
bestview ofthebuilding’s
surrounding.
Theceiling-to-floorlargewindows
aredesignedinarigidway,whichis
therectangularshapetoshow the
visualelementsthatisharmonising
withitsneighbouringcontext.
Photo:KenSasajima
Thehousesalongthestreetperform
rigiddiagonallinesandrectangular
shapesastheirvisualfeatures.
AstheseelementsarevitalelementsinAstheseelementsarevitalelementsin
creatingvisualharmonyinthesesite,
thusthesevisualelementsareusedby
thedesignerindesigningtheSmall
Housetoensurethatitperforms
harmonywiththesurroundingcontext
visually.
TheentireexterioroftheSmallHouse
iscladwithtimberboards,asthe
system ofhorizontally-runningpanels
provideaconsistenteffecttothe
facadeinordertoconcealtheheights
andproportionsofthelevelsin.
ImageMakingElements
視覚作成要素
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
SkyLine,Compression&Height
スカイライン、圧縮と高さ
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
Surpassingtheheightofthe
otherresidentialhousesalongthe
street,theSmallHousehence
actsasahigherpointinthe
irregularcontinuousskylinealong
thestreet.
VariousheightofthehousealongVariousheightofthehousealong
thestreetcreatesarhythm that
tellsaboutthetransitionsof
varioustypeofresidentialhouse
alongthestreet,whichthere
consiststhemixtureofboth
typicalhousesandalsomodern
houses.houses.
ShowingthearchitectureinJapan
issteppingtowardsmoderneven
inamongavernacularor
traditionalcontextarea.
ThelimitedlandandirregularThelimitedlandandirregular
arrangedsitealsocausethe
housetopushupwardsinsteadof
extendinghorizontally.
TheSmallHouseislaidina
verynarrow 4m x4m area
space,hencethewayto
extendspacesinsidethe
buildingisbysettingup
severallevelsvertically.
Thebuildingisthus9m tall,Thebuildingisthus9m tall,
astallasatower,which
exceedtheotherhouses
alongthestreet,whichare
usuallytwofloors,just
exceeding6m inheight.
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
BuildingMaterial&Systems
建築材料およびシステム
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
DesignersoftheSmallHousechooses
aminimaltypesoflight-weight
materialsfortheSmallHouse,inorder
tominimizethespaceoccupiedinside
thesmallhousearea,andalsoto
enhancethevisualofthesmall
buildingtolookbroadandmassive.
Steelframeisusedasthestructuralsystem oftheSmallHouse
inordertokeepreducetheweightofthebuilding.
Timberboards(t=8mm)sidingwater-repellentcoating,
areusedastheexteriorwallmaterial.Thesystem of
horizontally-runningpanelsprovideaconsistenteffecttothe
facadeinordertoconcealtheheightsandproportionsofthe
levelsin.
Whiteboards(t=3mm)areusedasatheinteriorwalls
material,asthelight-weightmaterialsareoftenrequiredbythe
localbuildinginordertominimizethedangerandharm during
earthquake.Brightwhitecolourofthewallsalsomakesthe
interiorspacestolookbroadandunlimitedasthefloorareaof
thehouseisverylimited.
ExtremelythinLauanplywoodboards(t=7mm,t=4mm)is
usedasthematerialforthefloorandtheceiling,usedassingle
layertoconstruct,layeredonsteeljoist,inordertomaketheup
anddownfloorboardsgotcloseandconnectedthewholespaceof
thehousewithoutabreak,andwhichalsomatchthesurfaceof
thefurnitures.Everythingispareddowntothebone,butthereis
poetryaswellasrigour.
Whitepebblesoutsidethehousesactasaestheticpurpose,and
alsoserveasadust-prooflandingsurfacefortheparkingspaces
ofthecarandbicycleswhichalsoservesasalertpurpose.
SpaceOrganization&AccessHierarchy
スペース編成とアクセス階層
SPAREROOM
DINING ROOM
BED-
ROOM
BATH ROOM
EN-
TRANCE
Sincethefloorareaforeach
levelonlyconsistsof4m x4m,
thedesignerrequiredtoextend
thespacesinthehousebygoing
upwards,hencethespatial
arrangementofthebuildingis
plottedinaverticallayout.
TheverticallayoutoftheTheverticallayoutofthe
buildingdividedtheinterior
spacesveryclearly,eachlevel
onlyconsistsofonetothree
rooms.
ThespacesinthebuildinggetThespacesinthebuildingget
moreprivatewhenithasalarger
distancefrom theGF,fulfilling
thelivingrequirementsofthe
familyasaprivateresidence.
Outdoor
Space
Utilities
Space
Social
Space
Personal
Space
Private
Space
TheSmall
Housefits
intothe
siteplanas
anindividual
building,
whichis
commonandcommonand
typically
appliesto
mosthouses
inJapan,
astheJapan’sseismicregulations
dictatethatbuildingsmustbephysically
separatefrom eachotherinorderto
avoidmaximum damagewhenthebuilding
collapse.
TERRACE
BATH
ROOM
Halfofthethirdflooractsasa
privatespace,whichisthe
bathroom.Inacontrastway,the
otherhalf,anoutdoorrooftop
spaceactsastheterraceofthe
house,whichcanbeusedtohang
clothes.
Thesecondfloorisapersonalspace,
whichisthespareroom.Initially,the
thisspaceactsasato-be-bedroom
forthechildinthefamilyafterhe
growsupinthefuture.
SPAREROOM
KITCHEN
LIVING
ROOM
DINING ROOM
Backtotheground,afterthe
entrance,thespiralstaircase
puncturedthroughthetimberfloor
boardsandleadstheusersupto
thefirstfloor.Thespacesonthe
firstflooractasasocial
gatheringspace,whichistheliving
room,diningroom andthekitchen.room,diningroom andthekitchen.
Onthegroundfloor,theparkingis
justplacedbesidethebuilding.The
firstspaceinsidethebuildingisthe
mainentrance,itactsasalanding
betweenthebasementfloorandthe
firstfloorinordertoseparatethe
personalspaceandthesocialspace.
VOID
ENTRANCE
PARKING
STORAGE
BEDROOM
Partiallyinsertedintotheground,
thespacesinthebasementfloor
serveaspersonalspace,whichare
thebedroom andthestorage/
closet.
Thewhitespiralstaircase,whichpunctures
througheachlevelprovidesalight-well
effecttotheinterior,providingadditional
illuminationforallroomsofthehouse.
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
SmallHouse,2010.(n.d.).RetrievedJune28,
2017,from
http://unemori-archi.com/?works=small-house-
2010
SmallHouse/UnemoriArchitects.(2013,SmallHouse/UnemoriArchitects.(2013,
October31).RetrievedJune28,2017,from
http://www.archdaily.com/443758/small-house
-unemori-architects
Howarth,D.(2013,September20).SmallHowarth,D.(2013,September20).Small
HousebyUnemoriArchitects.RetrievedJune
28,2017,from
https://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/21/small-ho
use-by-unemori-architects/
27June,2013ByCatherineSlessor.(n.d.).27June,2013ByCatherineSlessor.(n.d.).
Smallhouse,JapanbyUnemoriarchitects.
RetrievedJune28,2017,from
https://www.architectural-review.com/today/s
mall-house-japan-by-unemori-architects/86497
33.article
Unemoriarchitects:smallhouse.(2014,Unemoriarchitects:smallhouse.(2014,
October13).RetrievedJune28,2017,from
http://www.designboom.com/architecture/unem
ori-architects-small-house/
Photo:Shinkenchiku-sha
Introduction
前書きと参照
SMALLHOUSE,2010by
UnemoriArchitectssetupaverysmallhousestanding
amonganarrow street,inadenselypopulatedareaofthe
citycenter,thatwasreducedtothelimitinthecenterof
thesite,andcreatedanopenspacetoincorporatelightand
windaround.
“Unlimitedlightandwindcomeinfrom alargewindow“Unlimitedlightandwindcomeinfrom alargewindow
openedcontrarytothesizeoftheroom.A city'sresidence
tolivewhilebeingenvelopedbylightandwindbeyondthe
scaleofthebuilding.”saidbyUnemoriArchitects.
Location：Meguro,Tokyo,Japan
PrincipalUse：PrivateResidence
TotalFloorArea：67.34㎡
StructuralSystems：SteelFrameStructuralSystems：SteelFrame
Scale：1basement+ 4stories
畝
森
泰
行
建
築
設設
計
事
務
所
UNEMORIARCHITECTS