Term paper research 2017

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SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COURSE NAME: COMMUNICATION SKILLS 𝚰𝚰
COURSE CODE: SC101
TITTLE:DAIRY PRODUCTION;CASE STUDY MAGADU AT
SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
INSTRUCTOR: ROBINSON NICHODAMUS
NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER SIGNATURE
SEMWALI FRIDA MALANDA AGE/J/2016/0327
PASCHAL DAVID NJUGU AGE/D/2016/0395
MARTINETHOMAS N AGE/D/2016/0381
MANDARA EZROM BUJEJE AGE/D/2016/0378
DISMAS JOSEPH AGE/J/2016/0305
MALEGESI ANOLD JULIUS AGE/D/2016/0377

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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................ 4
1.1. BACKGROUND............................................ Error!Bookmark not defined.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.................................................................. 6
1.2.1. GENERAL OBJECTIVE........................................................................... 6
1.2.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES. ......................................................................... 6
1.2.3. SET QUESTIONS.................................................................................. 7
2. METHODOLOGY........................................................................................... 7
2.1 DESCRIPTION AND LOCATIONOF THE STUDY AREA................................. 7
2.1.2 SAMPLING PROCEDURES........................................................................ 9
2.3 DATA COLLECTION METHOD ................................................................ 10
2.3.1 Interview ....................................................................................... 10
2.3.2. Questionnaire................................................................................ 10
3.0 DATA PRESENTATIONAND DISCUSSION……………………………………………………13
3.1dairy cattle enterprises as sourceof income……………………………………….14
3.2 animal welfarefacilitates high milk production…………………………………...15
4.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………16
5.0 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………………17

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ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to assess impactof dairy production on socio-economic
among the people found within the area around Sokoine university of agriculture.
Specifically, the study assed how good heifer selection, animal hygiene and
animal husbandry facilitate high production of milk and milk products for
intended use, the area was surveyed and data collected through interview and
questionnaire. Through interview records show that38 out of 178 cattle owned at
magadu are used for dairy milk production which produce150 – 200 liters per day
which meet daily demand of the consumers. Therefore, theresearch made can be
concluded that dairy products such as milk, cheese and yoghurtare important by
provision of vitamins, protein and energy for human health.

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1. Introduction
1.1. Background
The Magadu Dairy Production was started in 1983 under professor
Urio who was aimed at doing his own researches. When Prof. Urio
completed the research, he left everything and move away whereby
the University (Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA)) took over the
project by expanding it into a commercial mode of production.
Prof. Urio started the project (Magadu) with the maximum number
of about seven (07) cows, this minimal number was due to the
purpose of the project that it based on researches. But Sokoine
University of Agriculture (SUA) put more effort in expanding the
project since the departure of Prof. Urio, so up to date Magadu Farm
has the maximum of 178 cows in general, where about 38 of the
them are for milking purpose producing about (150 – 200) litres per
day.

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The type of Farming system practiced at Magadu Dairy Farm is Small
Scale Farming system since the number of dairy cow in the herd and
the number of litres produced per day is minimal as compared to
other huge Dairy Farms or enterprises in other part of Africa and
world in general. Also, Magadu Dairy Farms do process milk and
package them in small plastic bags and supply them to customers
(consumers) around Sokoine University of Agriculture and other part
of Morogoro Region and other part of Tanzania in the form of milk
(fresh) or milk products such as (yoghurt and chees).
Magadu Dairy Farm has a lot of advantages at individual level, to the
university, regional level and at National level for instance it can act
as a research centre where different people or students can conduct
researches related to Dairy production. Meanwhile Magadu Dairy
Farm can act as demonstration centre people from different places
can learn and establish other enterprises related to Magadu Dairy
Farms in their areas.
Apart from high benefits earned from Magadu Dairy enterprises, it
faces various challenges which in some cases lower the production
rate, for instance fluctuation of demand as compared to the supply

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of milk caused by inadequate modern machines, equipment and
tools at Magadu Dairy Farms.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
1.2.1. GENERAL OBJECTIVE.
The main objective of this study at Magadu Dairy Farm (production),
Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) is to investigate how good
heifer selection, animal hygiene and animal husbandry facilitate high
production of safe milk and milk products which are suitable for the
intended use.
1.2.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.
The specific objectives for this study at Magadu Dairy Production
were
(i) To identify how milk production depends on the type of dairy
cows (or heifers) used.
(ii) To describe how good animal welfare (for dairy cow) facilitate
high production of milk.

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1.2.3. SET QUESTION
(i) Do dairy enterprises of cattle a source of incomes?
(ii)Do animal welfare facilitate high milk production?
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1. DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION OF THE STUDYAREA
This research was conducted at Magadu in Sokoine University of agriculture.
SokoineUniversity of Agriculture(SUA) is a public university in Morogoro-
Tanzania, specializing in agriculture. The university is named after the
country’s second PrimeMinister Edward Sokoineon 1 July 1984 by parliament
Act no.6 of the sameyear. It lies between latitude 6°51’5’’S and 37°39’6’’E
/6.85139°S, 37.65722Eand it is 3.0kmfromthe center of Morogoro municipal,
which about 200kmwestof Dar es salaam. Magadu is located in eastward
away fromadministration block. The area is specialized in dairy farming where
by different dairy cows arekept.
MAP OF TANZANIA MAP OF MOROGORO

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+
MAP SHOWING THE ROUTE FROMMOROGORO BUS STAND TO
MAGADU DAIRY FARM

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2.2. SAMPLING PROCEDURES
 A sampling procedurewas employed in which data were collected at a
single point in time. According to this research a randomsampling
technique was used and help in data collection, where by three (3)
members fromthe research center (Magadu) was asked question but a
MAGADU DAIRYFARM
ADMINISTRATION BLOCK
FROMTHE MAIN GATE
AERIAL MAP SHOWING THELOCATION OF MAGADUDAIRY FARM(SUA)

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single person called Jamilah was picked randomly and give us the
information or answers concerned with the research.
2.3. DATA COLLECTION METHOD
In this research two methods; interview and questionnaire was used to
obtain data from the research center (magadu dairy farm).
2.3.1. Interview
Interview schedule composed of both close and open-ended
questions were used to obtain primary data in the study area
(magadu). Interview were done with magadu workers, were
by one respondent from the three representatives was
selected randomly and she answered all questions. Interview
guided by a checklist was done to obtain information on
records of production, consumption, marketing of milk,
achievement, and problems facing the magadu dairy farmers
involved in the research.
2.3.2. Questionnaire
Questionnairemethod also used in this research whereby several
questions regarding this research was noted down and presented to
study area of magadu, then after answers obtained fromthose
questions used in this reportwriting as data.

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3.0 DATA PRESENTATIONAND DISCUSSION
3.1 dairy cattle enterprises is good sourceof income to people, because
milk is main productof the dairy enterprises and milk is in high demand to the
people therefore it can be sold anywherein reasonableamount of price,
example at magadu dairy cattle enterprises one liter of milk is sold at one
thousands Tanzanian shillings (1000/=). Apartfrommilk as sourceof income in
dairy enterprises also there are others products which can also be used as sources
of income to dairy farmers, theseare known as by products, namely; cattle skin,
horns, manure, heifers& bulls and biogas. So all these products can be used as
sources of income to the dairy farmers enterprises.
3.2 welfare means how an animal is coping with the conditions in which it
lives. An animal is in good state of welfareif it is health, comfortable, well
nourished, safe, able to express innate behavior, and if it is not suffering from
unpleasant states such as pain ,fear and stress.(American veterinary medical
association,2017). So dueto the facts mentioned above as an animal is in good
welfare thereforethe animal can producehigh amount of milk, sold at high price
and animal can give birth timely since it is in condition of doing things without
hesitation as the principles of welfareexplain.

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CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of the study the following conclusions can be drawn;
 Magadu dairy farm should increase scales of dairy farming production so as to improve
social and economic status, Including earning of income, energy and animal protein
foods like meat and milk.
 Selection of good heifer, animal hygiene, animal welfare, record keeping, and good
management help production of good and quality products includes milk, cheese,
yogurt, animal skins.

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REFERENCE
Professor AboudA. A, professor Ndemanisho, Dr. Komba. (2015).Dairy
cattle farming. Department of Animal Science Aquaculture and Range
Management. SokoineUniversity of Agriculture(SUA).
Internets sourcesincludes htttps://www.ciwf.com>farm-animals,
https://en.nm.wikipedia.org, https://www.sciencedaily.com,
American vetenary medical medicine, 2017