A brief introduction of Afghanistan

1. ‫الرحیم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
Country Report - AFGHANISTAN
Presenters:...
Ab Mukhtar Rasekh
NUEPA/IDEPA33
February 1 – April 30, 2017
National University Of Educational Planning & Administration
New Delhi - India

2. Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan
The Land Of Kindness

3. After fall of the Taliban
Afghanistan opened a
new bright chapter after
collapse of the Taliban
regime: The Taliban
regime was falling down
by the Leader of
(Northern Alliance) Late
Marshal Fahim by support
of NATO forces in 2002.

4. Afghanistan is a 41st
largest country in the
world it covered 652230
square kilometers, and
also It has a population of
approximately 33 million,
making it the 42nd most
populous country in the
world, Afghanistan. is a
landlocked country within
south Asia and Central
Asia. It has 34 provinces.
Demographic of Afghanistan:
Area – 652,230 SKM
Border-5,539 KM
Pak - 2,430 KM
TJK – 1,206 KM
Iran – 936 KM
Turkm – 744 KM
Uzbek – 137 KM
China – 76 KM

5. Population & State Being
 Population is 33 Million as of 2013
 A Muslim state (99% Muslim, 1%
Sikhs, Hindus and Jews)
 Official languages are Pashto and
Dari
 Other spoken languages are Uzbek,
Turkmen, Balochi, Pashayi, Hindi and
Nuristani
 Official currency is Afghani, ISO 4217
and code is AFN. (Exchange 1USD =
66.5 AFN).
Current Population 33 370 037
Current male
population (51.7%)
17 263 174
Current female
population (48.3%)
16 106 863
GDP More than 60.6$ billion
GDP growth 1.5%
GDP Per Capita $1,937
Unemployment 40.1%
Inflation Rate 4.6%
Urban population as%
total population
2001 2013
21% 26%
Population median age 18.1 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate 2.29% (2013 est.)
Life expectancy 60. years (2013 est.)
Adult literacy 41.2%

6. Location And Border It shares land
border with 6
country: Iran,
Tajikistan,
Uzbekistan,
Turkmenistan,
China and
Pakistan.
The political history
of the modern
state of
Afghanistan began
with the Hotak and
Durrani dynasties in
the 18th century. In
the late 19th
century,

7. Freedom
Afghanistan became a
buffer state in the
“Great Game”
between British
India and the Russian
Empire. Following the
Third Anglo-Afghan
war in 1919, King
Amanullah
unsuccessfully
attempted to
modernize the country.

8. Zahir Shah’s forty years of monarchy
It remained peaceful
during Zahir Shah’s forty
years of monarchy. A
series of coups in the
1970s was followed by a
Soviet invasion and a
series of civil wars that
devastated much of
Afghanistan. This was
followed by the recent
$100 billion nationwide
rebuilding process

9. The Capital
Kabul is the
Capital of
Afghanistan,
situated at
5,900 feet,
Temoor Shah
Durrani
changed the
capital from
Kandahar
province to
Kabul in 1776 till
date KABUL is
the Capital.

10. Religion in Afghanistan:
Over 99% of the Afghan population is Muslim; up to 90%
are from the Sunni branch, 9% are Shia and 1% are other
Religion like hindu.sik etc

11. The Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan is run by:..
Dr. Abdullah Abdullah
The CEO
Chief Executive Officer
Dr. Ashraf Ghani
The President

12. Afghanistan is an Islamic
republic Islamic consisting of
three branches, the executive,
legislative, and judicial. The
nation is led by President
Ashraf Ghani with Abdul
Rashid Dostum and Sarwar
Danish as vice
presidents. Abdullah
Abdullah serves as the chief
executive officer (CEO).
Governance:

13. Justice & General Attorney
The Supreme Court is
led by Chief Said
Yusuf Halem.
&
The attorney general
office is led by Farid
Hamidi

14. The National Assembly
The national assembly is
the legislature,
a bicameral body having
two chambers, the House
of the People and
the House of Elders.
House of people 249
members 25% Female.
House of Elders members
102 persons.

15.  Afghanistan is an impoverished least developed
country, one of the world’s poorest because of
decades of war and lack of foreign investment. As
of 2014, the nation's GDP stands at about $60.58
billion with an exchange rate of $20.31 billion, and
the GDP per capita is $1,900. The country's exports
totaled $2.7 billion in 2012. Its unemployment rate
was reported in 2008 at about 35% According to a
2009 report, about 42% of the population lives on
less than $1 a day. The nation has less than $1.5
billion in external debt.
Economy of Afghanistan:
Components of GDP (Sector wise):
sector: agriculture: 24%
industry: 21%
services: 55%

16. Air: transport in Afghanistan is provided by
the national carrier, Ariana Afghan
Airlines (AAA), and by private companies
such as Afghan Jet International, East Horizon
Airlines, Kam Air, Pamir Airways, and Safi
Airways. Airlines from a number of countries
also provide flights in and out of the country.
These include Air India, Emirates, Gulf Air, Iran
Aseman Airlines, Pakistan International
Airlines, and Turkish Airlines.
The International Airports:
1. Kabul international Airport.
2. Mazar-e-Sharif international Airport
3. Herat International Airport
4. Kandahar International Airport
Transportation

17. Traveling by bus in Afghanistan remains
dangerous due to careless and intoxicated bus
drivers as well as militant activities. The buses are
usually older model Mercedes-Benz and owned
by private companies. Serious traffic accidents
are common on Afghan roads and highways,
particularly on the Kabul–Kandahar and
the Kabul–Jalalabad Road.
Newer automobiles have recently become more
widely available after the rebuilding of roads and
highways. They are imported from the United
Arab Emirates through Pakistan and Iran. As of
2012, vehicles more than 10 years old are
banned from being imported into the country.
The development of the nation's road network is
a major boost for the economy due to trade with
neighboring countries. Postal services in
Afghanistan are provided by the publicly
owned Afghan Post and private companies such
as FedEx, DHL, and others.
Roads Traveling

18. Telecommunication services in the
country are provided by Afghan
Wireless, Etisalat, Roshan, MTN Group,
and Afghan Telecom. In 2006,
the Afghan Ministry of
Communications signed a $64.5 million
agreement with ZTE for the establishment
of a countrywide optical fiber
cable network. As of 2011, Afghanistan
had around 17 million GSM phone
subscribers and over 1 million internet
users, but only had about 75,000 fixed
telephone lines and a little over
190,000 CDMA subscribers. 3G & 4G
services are provided with these
companies also.
Communication:

19. Media
Media is one Afghan
government’s
achievement during
the last 16 years.
Now Afghanistan has
more than 35 TVs ,50
RADEOs, hundreds of
websites and News
Papers,

20. Afghani Currency

21. Historical Places
Bamyan Buddha, the Buddhas
of Bamyan (Persian ‫بت‬‫های‬
‫بامیان‬– ) were two monumental
statutes of standing Buddhas
carved into the side of a cliff in
the Bamyan valley in the
Hazarajat region of central
Afghanistan, situated 230 km
NW of Kabul. Built during the
sixth century , it represented
the classic blended style of
Indo – Greek art.

22. Before After March 2001

24. Mosques

25. Many Type of Dry Fruits 70% involve in Agriculture

26. Afghani Rugs (Carpet)

27. Each Nation has its own traditional cloths

28. Traditional cloths

30. National Sport (BUZKASHI)Buzkashi , Which literally translated means “ goat
dragging" is the national sport of Afghanistan. Many
historians believe that Buzkashi dates back to the
Arian people (the origin nation of Afghanistan), and
that it was derived from hunting mountain goats on
horseback. In Buzkashi, a headless carcass is placed
in the center of a circle and surrounded by the players
of two opposing teams. The object of the game is to
get control of the calf carcass and be the first to pitch
it across the goal line in the scoring area. Games can
last a day, or an entire week. Only the most skill full
players, (called chapandaz) are able to get close to
the carcass. The competition is furious, and the
winner of the match receives prizes from their
sponsor. These prizes are from money to fine turbans
and clothes. In order to become a chapandaz, one
must undergo a great amount of difficult training. In
fact the best chapandaz are usually over the age of
forty. The horses that participate in buzkashi undergo
five years of heavy training before making it to the
playing field.

31. Afghan Security
Forces:352000.
National Army:
195000.
National Police:
92000
The National
Directorate of
Security (NDS)
65000.

33. Education In Afghanistan
Education in Afghanistan, which is supervised by the Ministry of
Education and Ministry of Higher Education.
1. MoE:
Primary school 1-6. secondary schools(7-9), high school (10-
12) and technical ,vocational, education and training
Institutes. –TVET- (14).
And age for school is 6-7 yrs for gvt schools and 6 months to 7
yrs for private schools.
MoHE:
2. Ministry Of Higher Education which includes all the
Universities and colleges.

34. Organizational Structure Of Ministry of Education. (MoE).
Education Minister
DM/Academic
DM/Curriculum &
Teacher Training
DM/Literacy
DM/Finance
DM/TVET
DM/Islamic

35. Education:
Education in the country includes K–12 and higher
education, which is supervised by the Ministry of
Education and the Ministry of Higher Education. The
nation's education system was destroyed due to the
decades of war, but it began reviving after the Karzai
administration came to power in late 2001. More than
5,000 schools were built or renovated in the last
decade, with more than 100,000 teachers being trained
and recruited. More than seven million male and female
students are enrolled in schools, with about 100,000
being enrolled in different universities around the
country; at least 35% of these students are female. As of
2013, there are 16,000 schools across Afghanistan.

36. Decades of war, civil unrest, internal conflicts and
political instability in Afghanistan have destroyed the
basic social service delivery mechanisms of the country.
Education, being the most vulnerable social sector
against insecurity,
Violence and discontinuity, has been severely affected
as a result.
In 2002, the newly established Government of
Afghanistan inherited a disabled and defunct
education system, which was as follows:
Less than one million students, 20,000 teachers with
almost no female anticipation;
Where Education of Afghanistan Were:

37. Conti…
34, 00 schools–majority with unusable
buildings;
No standard national curriculum or textbooks;
Only four Teacher Training Colleges with 400
students;
Only 1500 boys enrolled in Technical and
Vocational Schools, and
220 unregulated Madrassas without any
formal curriculum.

38. The education sector has witnessed substantial
progress since 2002. A seven-fold increase in the
enrolment of students, the recruitment and training
of large numbers of teachers and construction of
several thousand schools have ensured
Improved access and major progress in enhancing
the quality and management of education.
Nearly 8 million children are enrolled in schools ,
around 37% or 2.5 million of them girls;
Where Education of Afghanistan is now:

39. Schools in Afg
No Program
Public
Schools
Private
Schools
Total
1
General (Academic)
Education Dept
14649 1051 15700
2 Islamic Education Dept 974 51 1025
3 TVET Dept 281 41 322
4
Curriculum &Teacher
Training Dept
272 67 339
5 Literacy Dept 64 0 64
Total 16240 1210 17450
NO Programs Teachers
1
General(Acade
mic) Education
194219
2
Islamic
Education
7619
3 TVET 4321
4
Teacher
Training
3720
5 Literacy 5066
Total 214945
Teacher recruitment in AFG
37% female/63% Male

40. Student enrollment till date
2017
No Program
Male
Enrollmen
t
Female
Enrollmen
t
Total
Enrollmen
t
1
General
(Academic)
Education
5364923 3394551 8.759474
2
Islamic
Education
250870 82080 332950
3 TVET 49524 6540 56064
4
Teacher
Training
29975 38783 68758
5 Literacy 9598 11134 20732
Total 5704890 3533088 9.237978

41. Afghanistan: Structure of the system

42. The Ministry of Education employs 67% of the
civil servants in the country; however, only 15%
of the national recurrent budget is allocated
for education which makes it impossible to
achieve the targets set in the National
Education Strategic Plan (NESP) with the
government resources.
FUNDING

43. In accordance with the Afghanistan Constitution, MDG and EFA goals,
the Ministry of Education is committed to ensure that by 2020 all school-
aged boys and girls will complete primary grades. In brief, the Ministry of
Education aims to achieve the below targets:
14 million students including 6.5 million girls will be enrolled in 22,000
schools, taught by 486,000 teachers (50% female).
The number of TTCs will remain 42 and the number of TTRCs will reach
364, enrolling about 1624, 78 students per year. As a result, 100% of the
teachers of the country will have at least 14th grade education.
320,000 students will be taught by 48,000 professional teachers in 550
technical and vocational schools.
There will be 470,000 students acquiring Islamic Education in about 1193
Islamic Education Centers across the country through 14,000 teachers
(50 % female).
Afghanistan Vision for 2020

44. Conti…
 One million new literates (60% female) will be produced through
40,000 literacy courses and 20,000 teachers every year. The total number of
people to achieve literacy by 2020 will reach 8 million.
 100% of schools will have useable buildings and conducive environments.
 A national Institute of Curriculum Development will be operational. A set of
quality textbooks will be provided to students every three years.
 Education system will be more balanced and gender and regional disparity
will be brought to an absolute minimum.
 Education content and delivery will be tuned to address national
development priorities.
 All Teachers and staff of MoE will be reformed through pay & grade system by
2020 and living conditions of teachers will be further improved through
distribution of land to those teachers who do not have their own housing.
 Integration of technical and vocational education into general and Islamic
schools.

45. Thank you…