This document discusses crime scene investigation. It defines key terms like crime, criminal, victim, and crime scene. The goals of crime scene investigation are to determine what happened, where, when, why, who may have been involved, and how the incident was carried out. There are different types of crime scenes based on evidence and location. The steps of crime scene investigation are to secure the scene, separate witnesses, scan the scene, photograph the scene, sketch the scene, search for evidence, and securely collect evidence while maintaining a chain of custody.

1. CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION (CSI)
Dr. Moumita Sinha
Ph.D. UGC-NET JRF
Forensic Science

2. Concept and Principles of Forensic Science :
 Forensic science is science used for the purpose of the law and thus any branch of science used in
the resolution of legal disputes is forensic science.
 The word forensic is rooted in Latin word forensis. The dictionary meaning of word the forensic is
relating to court or law or relating to court of law.
 Forensic science subsists coming together with law and science.

3. Principles of Forensic Science

4. CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION
CRIME
 The word Crime is derived from the Latin root Cerno, meaning "I Decide, I Give Judgment.
 Crime is the breach of Rules or Laws for which some Governing Authority (via mechanisms such as
legal systems) can Ultimately Prescribe a Conviction.
CRIME SCENE or SCENE OF CRIME
A crime scene is any physical scene, anywhere, that may provide
potential evidence to an investigator. It may include a person's body,
any type of building, vehicles, places in the open air or objects found
at those locations.
CRIME
CRIMINAL
VICTIM
CRIME
SCENE

5. GOAL OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION
5 Ws
&
1 H
What happened ?
Where did it happen ?
When did it happen ?
Why did it happen ?
Who may have perpetrated
these actions ?
How was the incident carried
out ?

6. TYPES OF CRIME SCENE:
TYPES OF CRIME SCENE
Based on evidence found
on the crime scene
Based on the geographical location
of the crime scene
Primary Crime
Scene
Secondary Crime
Scene
Outdoor crime
scene
Indoor Crime
Scene
Mobile/
Conveyance
Crime Scene

7. Outdoor crime scene Indoor Crime Scene Mobile/ Conveyance Crime
Scene
“
”

8. 7 S's
STEPS OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION:
These are known as the 7 S's of crime scene investigation.
 Secure the Scene.
 Separate the Witnesses.
 Scanning of the Scene.
 Seeing the Scene
(Photography, Videography).
 Sketching of the Scene.
 Search for Evidences.
 Secure and Collect Evidence.

9. EVIDENCE:
Evidence is used at trials to prove or disprove certain facts that would tend to show
whether something was true or not. There are four types evidence by which facts can be
proven or disproven at trial which include:
1. Real evidence- Physical Evidence
2. Demonstrative evidence;
3. Documentary evidence; and
4. Testimonial evidence.

10. SEARCHING OF CRIME SCENE:
There are several methods used by law enforcement agencies throughout the world that follow 07 basic
crime scene search patterns.
• Link method
•Wheel method.
•Line method
•Spiral method.
•Grid method.
•Zone method. Strip
•Strip method.

11. SECURING COLLECTING EVIDENCE :
 All Evidence Needs to be Properly Packaged,
 Sealed and Labeled.
 The Evidence log should contain all Pertinent
 Information Including
 Case No
 Item Inventory No
 Description of the Evidence
 Name of Suspect
 Name of Victim
 Date Time of Recovery
 Signature of Person Recovering the Evidence
 Signature of any Witnesses Present

12. CHAIN OF CUSTODY OR CHAIN OF POSESSION * :
The Sequence And Manner In Which Physical Evidence In Criminal And Civil Investigations
Has Been Handled , Maintained And Processed Is Referred To As Chain Of Custody.