programming in PascaL

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‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺘﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻴﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭﺸﻴﺌﺎ‬،‫ﺘﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
‫ﻫﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻏﺕ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬،‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﺠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬‫ﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻤﺒﺭﻤﺠﺎ‬،‫ﺒﺄﻜﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬‫ﺠﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺩ‬،‫ﺴﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺌﺔ‬،‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬.
، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻤﺜﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﺍﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻴﻌﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ‬،‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬، ‫ﺍﻻﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻻﺕ‬،‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺎﺩﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻴﺩﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺼﺩﻗﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ،
‫ﻭﺴﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬‫ﻤﻪ‬‫ﺍﻴﻀ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻴﺩﻙ‬.
‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﻤﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻤﺎ‬،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﺫﻥ‬!!
‫ﺍﳌﺆﻟــــﻒ‬!!
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺪﻱ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬،‫ﺩﻋﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫،ﻭﺴﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬، ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﻪ‬‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻭل‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬‫ﻨﺴﺨﺔ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬‫ﻗﻡ‬‫ﺒﻤﺭﺍﺴﻠﺘﻲ‬:
com.hotmail@766_romansy.
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻫﺫ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬‫ﻟﻼﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬،‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﻤﻨﻊ‬‫ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻼﻟﻪ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺃﻴﺔ‬‫ﺃﻤﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺫﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻲ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ‬.
‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﺒﺎﻥ‬‫ﻭﺠﺩﺕ‬‫ﺠﺯﺀ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬‫ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺒﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬‫ﻤﻔﺼل‬
‫ﻓﺒﺭﺠﺎﺀ‬‫ﺇﺨﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬‫ﺒﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﻓﻭﺭﺍ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺒﺭﻴﺩﻱ‬،‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬‫ﺃﺘﻤﻜﻥ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﺠﺯﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ‬‫ﺍﻷﺠﺯﺍﺀ‬‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺭ‬‫ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ‬‫ﻓﻭﺭﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﻌﺎ‬ ،.
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜل‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬‫ﻭﺠﺩﻱ‬‫ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‬‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،
‫ﻤﺴﺅ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ‬ ‫ل‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻭل‬::
·‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴل‬ ‫ﻗﻡ‬:
tk.2005romansy.www
·‫ﺍﻻﺘﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬::
com.hotmail@766_romansy
com.hotmail@wajdyessam
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‫ﺴﻁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ‬//
، ‫ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﻱ‬‫ﺍﺸﺭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺒﺎﻻﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ، ‫ﻴﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬ ،،‫ﺒﺩﺍ‬
‫ﺤﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﻴﺤﻠﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻟﻐﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬Delphi‫ﻭ‬
Assembly‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﻴﺤﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻜـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬asp‫ﻭ‬html‫ﻭ‬xhtml‫ﻭ‬xml‫ﻭ‬css.
‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬/‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺏ‬/romansy
‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺒﻠﺩ‬/‫ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻴﻤﻴل‬/com.hotmail@766_romansy
WhtEver You Learn... You learn it for your self!!
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5. 5
))‫ﻤﺎﻋﻠﻤﺘﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻙ‬((
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺌﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﻀل‬)‫ﺒﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬. (‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺌﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﺍﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻀﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬‫ﻴﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻻﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬
، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺠﻠﻪ‬‫ﺍﺼﺒﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻴﻭﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻁﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬
‫ﺼﻌﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻕ‬‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬.‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﺘﻼﺤﻅﻭﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺴﻬﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬
،‫ﺤﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺘﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬،‫ﺍﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺒﺘﺩﺉ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻘﻠ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻭﻑ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻭﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺍﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬‫ﺹ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻀﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺠﻴﺎ‬.
‫ﻨﻅﺭﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻜﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﻠﻪ‬ ، ‫ﻨﺎﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻌﻭﺒﺘﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬‫ﺍﺩﺭﺍﻜﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﻤﻘﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻁﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬.
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6. 6
‫ﺗﻨﻮﯾــﮫ‬/
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻻﻜﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬(‫ﺒﺎﻟﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﻭﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻼﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻴﺽ‬)B(‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ،
‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬‫ﺴﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺒﺎﻟﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻼﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻴﺽ‬.
‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬begin‫ﻜﺎﻤﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬)‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬(‫ﻜﺘﺎﺘ‬ ‫ﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﺍ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻋﺸ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺅﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺌﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺌﺎﺕ‬.
‫ﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬Block‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬begin‫ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﻪ‬end
‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻱ‬block‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ‬begin‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬end.‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ،
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬Block‫ﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺹ‬)if‫ﻭ‬case‫ﻭ‬
for..‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻭﻑ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬.‫ﻨﺴﺦ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺫﺭ‬
‫ﺠﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻁﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺼﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻜﻭﺍﺩ‬.‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻜﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺎﺩﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻩ‬.
‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻜﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬word‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻜﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺦ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﻗﺭﺍﺌﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺌﻪ‬.‫ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻜﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺴﺦ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬.
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7. 7
‫ﺍﻻﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻣﱪﳎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺭﺣﻠﺘﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺒﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﲑﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻮﻑ‬‫ﻌﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﻜﺘﺸﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺸﺄﻩ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬.‫ﺍﳍﻴﻜﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﳎﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻀﺎ‬.
‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﱪﳎﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻄﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬‫ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺮﲨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻪ‬.
‫ﻳﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﲞﻄﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ‬!
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8. 8
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬:
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻨﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻭﺩ‬Blaise Pascal‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1642‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻡ‬
‫ﺭﺒ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻘﺭﻴ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺍﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺎ‬‫ﺠﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺨﺘﺭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻟﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺸﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻻﻜﺘﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬)‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺴﺏ‬
1642(‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺒﺏ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﺴﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻭﺍﺘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺼﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺭﺍﺌﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺼﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺩﻗﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻴﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻌﺎﺌﻠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺒﺎﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﻁﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻲ‬
)‫ﺍﻷﻗﺭﺍﺹ‬(‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻗﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻜل‬‫ﺍﻹﻁﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻭﻴﺎ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺭﺍﺹ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺭﺍﻉ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻭﺀ‬9‫ﺭﻗﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻓﻊ‬‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ‬)‫ﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺘﺴﺠﻴل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻌﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬.‫ﻭﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺭﺏ‬‫ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬.
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9. 9
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻨﺸﺌﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻭﻓﻴﺴﻭﺭ‬Niklaus Wirth‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
1970.‫ﺍﺴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺒﻪ‬‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻨﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬
Blaise Pascal.‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﻌﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺜﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺤل‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬.‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺼﺒﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺫ‬
‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﹼﻬﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،
، ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬:
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﺸﻬﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟـ‬Free
Pascal‫ﺍﻟﺒﻭﺭﻻﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬Borland Pascal،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺘﻌﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻰ‬Turbo Pascal،‫ﻨﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻴﻜﺭﻭﺴﻭﻓﺕ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ،.
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺊ‬‫ﻜﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﺭﻕ‬‫ﻜل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺍﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻰ‬‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺱ‬‫ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺎﻻﺼﺢ‬
‫ﻻﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻘﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺤﻪ‬،
‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬.
‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﻟﻠﻐﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬، ‫ﻻﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺠﺩ‬
‫ﺴﻬﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻴﺭ‬،‫ﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺎﺴﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻫﻡ‬.
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10. 10
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬program‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ، ‫ﻤﻌﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼ‬‫ﺩﺭ‬source code‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‬executable software‫ﺒﺄﻜﻤﻠﻪ‬.‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺭﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺤﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ، ‫ﻨﺎﺤﻴﻪ‬.
‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬‫ﺒﺄﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺯﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺩ‬.
‫ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬:‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺒﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺤﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺤﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻻﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬.‫ﺴﻬﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺭﻏﻡ‬
‫ﻻﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻏﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻀﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﺩﺭﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻤﻪ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺭﺠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬
، ‫ﻻﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻠﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺫﻱ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬(‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺌﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﺴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻗﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺠﻴﺏ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺭﻱ‬.‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺼل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺩﻋﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺎﺭﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﻫﺭ‬‫ﺨﺭ‬، ‫ﻯ‬
‫ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻐﻠﺏ‬‫ﺍﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺩﺍﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬structured programming.
‫ﻓﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺎﻁﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬"‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺘﺴﺩ‬. "‫ﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻴل‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻬﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﻤﻪ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺒﺴﻬﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺼﻐﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺼﻐﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺠﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻴل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻘﺩﻭﺭﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻊ‬ ، ‫ﻤﻌﻘﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﻤﻪ‬:
1.‫ﻤﻭﻅﻑ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬
2.‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬
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3.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬
4.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬)3(‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬:
1.‫ﻤﻭﻅﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠل‬ ‫ﺍﺤﻀﺎﺭ‬
2.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل‬
3.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﻪ‬
4.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻅﻑ‬ ‫ﺴﺠل‬ ‫ﺍﺤﻀﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬‫ﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺼﻐﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻋﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻌﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻘﺴﻴﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺌﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬Turbo Pascal، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺨﻼﻑ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻴﻪ‬‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬‫ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤل‬.
‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺼﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬Turbo Pascal‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺎﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،c:tpw،
، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬tpw‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ،TPW.EXE.
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‫ﺍﻻﻜ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺩ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻻﺤﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻴﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬.
‫ﻨﻼﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬.‫ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺘﻁﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ﺍﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻕ‬)‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻼ‬word(.‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺌﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬compile،
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻪ‬run‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬)‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬. (
‫ﻟﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻔل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬‫ﻔﺤﻪ‬)‫ﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬(‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ، ‫ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬.
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﻪ‬.‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ‬
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14. 14
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬insert‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺘﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬(‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺘﻐﻴﺭﻫ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺼﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺍﺒﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬.‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻻﻨﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺨﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬.‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺄ‬.
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15. 15
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﳎﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻤﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺘﻌﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻰ‬.
‫ﺍﻳﻀﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺮﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﱪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬.
‫ﻭﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬ ، ‫ﻻﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻨﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻻﻧﻨﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‬.
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‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬structured‫ﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،
‫ﻤﺭﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﺏ‬‫ﻭﻤﻨﻅﻡ‬‫ﻭﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟـ‬Goto‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ،،‫ﺤﻘﺎ‬!!
‫ﻫﻴﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬‫ﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬::
Program name (input, output);
Uses......
Var
...
Begin
{Your program is here}
End.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﺭﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺭ‬، ‫ﺘﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﻙ‬
، ‫ﺤﺎﺴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬ ، ‫ﺘﻜﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺒﺫ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﺒﺢ‬calculate،‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﺍﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬
‫ﻜﻠﻤﺘﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬‫ﻤﺭﺍﻋﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻼﺼﻘﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬ ، ‫ﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬WajdyEssam‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬–، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺼل‬wajdy-essam.
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‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬input‫ﻭ‬output‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻰ‬ ،
‫ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ‬)‫ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬‫ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺩﺨﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺕ‬(‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬)‫ﺘﻨﻁﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻼ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺭ‬output‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬!‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬)‫ﺒﺎﻻﺼﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﻪ‬‫ﻨﺎﺩﺭﻩ‬(‫ﻓﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬input‫ﻓﻲ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬)‫ﺍﻻﻏﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬(‫ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻱ‬ ، ‫ﻤﻌﺎ‬input, output.
Program example (output);
{‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫}ﻤﺜﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎﻫل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺤﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬outputinput ,‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻁﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﺘﻔﻰ‬.
Program test;
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬/
Program clean (I ,o);
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻓﻴﻥ‬I‫ﻭ‬o‫ﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬:input‫ﻭ‬output
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻀﺭﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎﻫﻠﻪ‬‫ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺒﺫ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺘﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺩﺀ‬ ‫ﺎﻡ‬.
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18. 18
‫ﺍﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺎ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬(‫ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻫل‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻡ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬uses‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ،‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬.‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
، ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺠﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺩﺍﺘﻙ‬)‫ﺸﺭﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴل‬. (‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬unit،
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩل‬library.‫ﺍﺸ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬:wincrt‫ﻭ‬windos‫ﻭ‬strings‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬//
Uses wincrt;
Uses wincrt, windos; { ‫ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﻼﻥ‬ }
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺒﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬unit‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻼ‬ ، ‫ﺠﻙ‬writeln‫ﻭ‬readln)‫ﻨﺘﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬
‫ﻗﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﺘﻀﻤﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
wincrt.
‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬‫ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬‫ﺍﻋﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺍﻻﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻀﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬.
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19. 19
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻡ‬Var
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬Var)‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻴﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬Bold(‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻅﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬.‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،..
‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﻻﺤﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺩﺃ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜل‬begin‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬end.)‫ﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻱ‬ ، ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺤﻅ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﺘﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﺏ‬(.
‫ﺴ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬if‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤل‬ ،for(‫ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬
‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬begin‫ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﻪ‬end;)‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻭﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺼﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺤﻅ‬;Semicolon. (
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬begin‫ﻭ‬end;‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﻪ‬(‫ﻤﺭﻜﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺴﻤﻰ‬‫ﻀﺎ‬Block.
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺘﻼﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬end.‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬ ،
Block)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬(‫ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬end;.
‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬‫ﻨﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻡ‬‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴل‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬!!
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‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴـﻘﺎﺕ‬Comments
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺍﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻅﻴﻔﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬)‫ﻤﺘﻰ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻼ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺎﺠﻬﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺘـﻠﻴﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﺘﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
source code(‫ﻭﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻋﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬:
1/(* This is Comments *)
2/{ This is another comments }
‫ﻤﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬{Your program is here}‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻔﺫ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬.
‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬//
Program wajdy (input, output);
Uses wincrt;
Begin
Writeln ('hello im wajdy essam'); {print my name}
End.
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‫ﺍﻻﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺘﺢ‬{print my name}‫ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻥ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬.
‫ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬/‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻻﻴﻀﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬
، ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬)‫ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺸﺎﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻗﺕ‬(‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬)‫ﻭﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻻﺴﻡ‬‫ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻥ‬. (
، ‫ﺍﻻﻁﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻀل‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)‫ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬(‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﺎﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ،
‫ﻤﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻓﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺜﺎل‬)‫ﺍﻻﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬writeln‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
)‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬begin‫ﻭﺍﻟـ‬end.(‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺼﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺼﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺠﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬/
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺱ‬)‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬(‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬‫ﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬program
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬)‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬uses
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻭﺍﻴﻥ‬label
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬type
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22. 22
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬)‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬‫ﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬Var
‫ﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻭﺍﺒﺕ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺎ‬const
‫ﺍﻻ‬‫ﺠﺭ‬‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬Procedure
‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺭﺍﻨﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺠﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬Function
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻲﺀ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﺘﻡ‬‫ﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ل‬.
‫ﻻﺤﻅﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬)‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻅﻥ‬(‫ﺒﺎﻟﻔﺎﺼﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻭﻁﻪ‬semicolon‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬( ; ).‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺼﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬)‫ﺍﻻﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬(
‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬Tab‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺭﻭﺌﻴﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬Readability!!‫ﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ،‫ﻴﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬
، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻫﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻏﻠﺏ‬‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﻀﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻜﺜ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺴﻥ‬‫ﺭ‬.‫ﺴﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬.
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ،
‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻘﺭﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻀﺢ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻥ‬(‫ﺍﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ، ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻁﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬!!‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺄﻟﻭﻓﻪ‬.
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‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺄﺘﻲ‬‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬Tab‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺒﻭﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺭﻯ‬.
‫ﺍﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬)‫ﻋﺎﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬(
‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬:
Program clean (I , o);
Uses wincrt;
Var
X: integer;
Begin
Read(x);
If x>10 then writeln (' bigger then 10 ')
Else
Writeln (' less then 10 ');
End.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬:
Program clean (I , o);
Uses wincrt;
Var
X: integer;
Begin
Read(x);
If x>10 then writeln (' bigger then 10 ')
Else
Writeln (' less then 10 ');
End.
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‫ﺍﻻﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﻥ‬‫ﻨﻅﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬........‫؟؟‬
‫ﺒﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻅﻥ‬،‫ﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺱ‬!!‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻻﻨﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬Tab،‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺠﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺴﻬﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜل‬Tab‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﻭﻀﻐﻁ‬enter‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬
‫ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻔل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬)‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬Tab. (
‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻅﻥ‬‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﻌﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻴﻪ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺘﺠﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﺎ‬
، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬‫ﺍﺼﺒﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﻼﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ، ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻬﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍ‬.
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺍﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬،‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺤﺭﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﻜﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺎﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺒﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬!!
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻁﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻅﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ، ‫ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺘﺠﻴﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻙ‬
‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻋﺏ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬‫ﻤﺒﺘﺩﺉ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺒﺭﻤﺞ‬J
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25. 25
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬‫ﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﺎﺝ‬
، ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﳉﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬
v‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﲨﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬
v‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﻤﺎ‬
v‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﳉﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬
v‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬
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26. 26
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬:
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬:
1/write
2/writeln
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻕ‬:‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬write‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﺒﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬.
‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬writeln‫ﻓﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻁﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﺅﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬:
·‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬
·‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬
·‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺒﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺎﺒﻪ‬)write‫ﺍﻭ‬
writeln(‫ﻗﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﺨﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻏﻼﻗﻪ‬
‫ﺒﻘﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻴﻁﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ‬‫ﺼﻐﻴﺭ‬quote (')‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﻥ‬)‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬)‫ﻁ‬(‫ﺍﻻﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻐﻪ‬(
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27. 27
‫ﻤﺜﻼ‬:
1/ Write (' wajdy ');
2/ Writeln (‘Welcome to My Program!! ‘);
‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬(‫ﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬wajdy
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬Welcome to My Program !!
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻭﻑ‬)‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺒﺏ‬writeln. (
‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬)‫ﻟﻡ‬‫ﻜﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺏ‬/ (
Begin
Writeln ('I learn Pascal');
Writeln ('Hi, there !');
End.
‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ‬:
I learn Pascal
Hi, there
‫ﺒﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬write،،
begin
Write('I learn Pascal');
Write ('Hi, there !');
end.
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‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ‬:
I learn Pascal Hi, there
‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻨﺘﺭﻙ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺘﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬:writeln;
‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬//
‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﻍ‬ ‫ﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬::
Begin
Writeln ('My Name is wajdy essam');
Writeln;
Write (‘do you understand the lesson ');
End.
‫ﻜﺎﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬:
My name is wajdy essam
Do you understand the lesson?
Hello World‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻭل‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬‫ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬Hello‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺤﻴﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬Hello World‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬.‫ﺒﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺨﺫ‬.
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Program Hello (output);
Uses wincrt;
Begin
Writeln (‘Hello World ! ‘);
End.
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬‫ﻴﺌ‬‫ﺒﺘﺸﻐ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠﻪ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺠﺩ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺭﺽ‬:Hello World !
‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻬﺎﻨﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬!‫ﻗﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻴﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺩﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺅﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺭﻓﻴﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬//
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬Hello‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻀﻴﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬output‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬‫ﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻅﺭﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻤﺭ‬write‫ﻭ‬writeln‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬wincrt
‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺠﺏ‬)‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬. (
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‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬begin.
‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬Hello World !‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻭﺘﻡ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻻﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬writeln‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻻﻤﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻻﻨﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬end.)‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﻻ‬(
‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻏﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬variable، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﺨﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺎﺯﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬.
‫ﺨﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﺴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺎﺯﻙ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺜل‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﺼﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬(‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻗﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺠﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻤﺜل‬)‫ﻭﻟﻴﻜﻥ‬myvariable(‫ﺍﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺼﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺎﻗﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻭﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺭﻴﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ل‬
، ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﺽ‬.، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺒﺩ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬102.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻨﺎﺩﺍ‬
myvraiable‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬.
‫ﺤﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺯ‬//
‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻻﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬Integer‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻡ‬character‫؟‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫،ﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺤﺠﺯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴﺎﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺯﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐل‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻜل‬‫ﺎﻴﺕ‬.، ‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺒﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺸﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺒﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ‬.‫ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺒﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬.‫ﻴﺨﺒﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻉ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬integer(‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺠﻡ‬)‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺤﺠﺯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬،، ‫ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻔﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺠﻭﻡ‬!!‫ﺍﺸﻬﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬::
Myvariable‫اﺳﻢ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻐﯿﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺬاﻛﺮه‬
‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬ 100 104103
102
101 102
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‫ﺍﻴ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻀﺎ‬‫ﻤﺯﻴﺩ‬‫ﻨﺤﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬(‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
var‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﺘﺎﺠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻠﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻜل‬‫ﻤﺞ‬(.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬:
‫ﺍﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ــ‬‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻋﻪ‬: ;
variablename : type
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤـ‬‫ــ‬)‫ﻤﻥ‬(‫ـــــ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬(‫ــﺩﻯ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬
Shortint-128‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬+1271‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬integer
Byte0‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬2551‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬integer
Integer-32768‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬+327672‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬integer
Word0‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬655352‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬integer
Longint-2146473648‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬+21464736474‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬integer
Real-???????‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬+???????6‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬fractional
String‫ﺒﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬255‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬255‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬‫ﺭﻗﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬
Char‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬1‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬‫ﺭﻗﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬
BooleanTrue - False1‫ﺒﺎﻴﺕ‬‫ﺭﻗﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬
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33. 33
Variablename
‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺘﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺘﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬.‫ﺍﻭ‬
، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬x‫ﻭ‬myage‫ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻓﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻌﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻬل‬.
‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬//
Var
X:integer;
Y:string;
A,b:char; { ‫ﻟﻼ‬‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻥ‬ }
‫ﺘﺨﺼﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻼﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬)‫ﺤﺠﺯ‬(‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺎﺩﻑ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻌﺭﻑ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻘﺎﻋﺩﻩ‬:
·‫ﺍﻻﺴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻭل‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻬﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺀ‬j5d8g
·‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻭل‬x‫ﻭ‬i
·‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺒﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻭل‬count‫ﻭ‬MyAge
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34. 34
‫ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺘﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻻﺴﻨﺎﺩ‬)‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬(‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬،‫ﺍﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬:
var_name:= value;
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫،ﺃﻱ‬begin
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬.
‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬//
Var
X: integer;
Begin
X: = 10;
Writeln(x);
End.
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬X‫ﻭﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬10.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬‫ﻟﻡ‬‫ﺍﻜﺘﺒﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻐﺭﺽ‬
، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﻪ‬‫ﺒﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬(‫ﺒﺎﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬،‫ﺒﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬x‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬integer‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺃﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻜﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬
begin‫ﺒﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ،)‫ﺍﺴﻨﺎﺩ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺭ‬‫ﻗﻡ‬10‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬x‫ﺒﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،
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35. 35
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬x‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬writeln(x)‫ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻻﺤﻅ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬' ')‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬(.
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﺅﺍل‬ ‫؟؟؟‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬!!
‫ﺍﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻁﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻉ‬(.
‫ﺒﺎﻻﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬)‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬(.
‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬)‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬x‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬string(//
Write (' I Learn Pascal ');
X: = ‘O.k.’;
Writeln(x);
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬// (
I Learn Pascal O.K
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬
‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬I Learn Pascal‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻫﻭ‬write‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬o.k‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬x.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬x)‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬o.k. (
‫ﺍﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬//
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺭ‬x‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬integer‫؟‬
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36. 36
X: = 10;
X: = 2;
Write(x);
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬‫ﻫﻲ‬/2
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬x‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬10‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،
‫ﻟﻠـ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬x)‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺢ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬2(‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬x‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،2.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬//
1.Writeln (‘The total is ‘, x);
2.Writeln (‘my name is: ‘, n, ‘my family name is:’, f);
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬x‫ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬100
‫ﻜﺎﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬/
The total is 100
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬n‫ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬wajdy‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬f‫ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬essam
‫ﻜﺎﻻﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬/
My name is: wajdy my family name is: essam
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37. 37
‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺽ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬‫ﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻘﻁ‬!‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﺩل‬)‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬(‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬(‫ﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺜﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ،
‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﻩ‬‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ،)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬(‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺼﻠﻪ‬(,).
‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬:
‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺩﺨﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺤﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬.
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻲ‬/
1/read
2/readln
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻕ‬:
‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬read، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ،
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬‫ﻗﺭﺍﺌﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺯل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬.
‫ﺍﺭ‬‫ﺍﻻﺩﺨﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺩ‬"‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺨﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﺩﺨﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬. "
‫ﺍﻻﺩﺨﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل‬:
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38. 38
Begin
Write(‘Enter you number: ‘);
Readln(x);
Writeln (‘You Number is: ‘, x);
End.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺃ‬Enter you number:‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬)‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺒﺏ‬write(‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬
x)‫ﺒﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻡ‬!. (‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬.
‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻴﺭﺍ‬‫ﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻭﻡ‬+‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬
Program example (input, output);
Uses wincrt;
Var
X: integer;
S: string;
Begin
Write ('Enter your Name: ');
Readln(s);
Write ('Enter your Age: ');
Readln(x);
Writeln ('Your Name is: ',s,' your age is: ',x);
End.
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39. 39
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬
Enter your Name: wajdy
Enter your Age: 20
Your Name is: wajdy your age is: 20
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﻴﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭﻴﻥ‬‫ﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ‬
)‫ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﺍ‬)‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬writeln(‫ﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺠﺏ‬
wincrt(.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬x‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬integer‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ،s‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬string.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬begin‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬Enter
your Name:‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ،
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬s‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻨﺘﻘﺎل‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ،
Enter your Age:‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ،
‫ﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻤﻥ‬x‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺸﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺭ‬Your Name is‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬‫ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬s
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬your age is:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴﻤﻪ‬x.
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