Semiconductors are composed of pure elements, mainly silicon or germanium, or compounds like gallium arsenide. They are also known as integrated circuits (ICs) or microchips. These pure elements are subjected to a procedure known as doping, which results in significant alterations in the material's conductivity.

1. SEMICONDUCTORS TODAY
MATERIALS USED IN MAKING
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN N-TYPE AND P-
TYPE SEMICONDUCTORS
EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW
ABOUT SEMICONDUCTORS
SEMICONDUCTORS ARE COMPOSED OF PURE ELEMENTS,
MAINLY SILICON OR GERMANIUM, OR COMPOUNDS LIKE
GALLIUM ARSENIDE. THEY ARE ALSO KNOWN AS
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (ICS) OR MICROCHIPS. THESE
PURE ELEMENTS ARE SUBJECTED TO A PROCEDURE
KNOWN AS DOPING, WHICH RESULTS IN SIGNIFICANT
ALTERATIONS IN THE MATERIAL'S CONDUCTIVITY.
Today, there are more than 100 billion integrated
circuits in use every day around the world, which is
comparable to the number of stars in our small portion
of the Milky Way galaxy.
A semiconductor is a substance with conductivity properties
halfway between a conductor, which can carry electrical charges,
and a non-conductor or insulator, which cannot carry electrical
charges. This indicates that semiconductors can function either
as a conductor or an insulator depending on the circumstances.
MAIN STRUCTURE AND HOW THEY WORK
The development of semiconductor devices, which are necessary for
a wide range of electronic products, is the primary use of
semiconductors. Semiconductor devices are the replacement for
vacuum tubes in practically all applications because they conduct
electric currents in the solid state rather than as free electrons
across a vacuum.
Similar to how current travels over a wire, an N-type semiconductor
mostly transports negatively charged electrons. In a P-type
semiconductor, holes are the most common form of current
transport. A hole has an electric charge that is positive, the exact
opposite of what an electron has.
Our succinct overview of semiconductor applications is now
complete. As you can see, semiconductors are essential to the
current era and have a significant impact on the electrical
gadgets that we use or come into contact with on a daily
basis.
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APPLICATIONS OF SEMICONDUCTORS
Consumer electronics
Embedded systems
Thermal conductivity
Lighting and LED displays
Solar cells