-Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the Solar System (A) has the planets and Earth’s moon orbiting the Sun. (B) has the planets, Sun, and Earth’s moon orbiting Earth. (C) has the planets orbiting the Sun, but with the Earth at the center. (D) has Earth’s moon orbiting the Sun with the Earth at the center. -When Earth catches up to a slower-moving outer planet and passes it in its orbit in the same way that a faster runner overtakes a slower runner in an outside lane, the planet (A) exhibits retrograde motion. (B) slows down because it feels Earth’s gravitational pull. (C) decreases in brightness as it passes through Earth’s shadow. moves into a more elliptical orbit. -Copernicus’ heliocentric model has (A) the planets orbiting the Sun in ellipses. (B) the planets orbiting the Sun in perfect circles. (C) the planets orbiting the Earth in perfect circles. the planets orbiting the Earth in ellipses. -Astronauts orbiting Earth in the International Space Station (A) feel no gravity in space. (B) are too far from Earth to feel Earth’s gravity. (C) are constantly falling toward Earth. none of the above. -The force with which you pull upward on Earth is (A) zero. (B) equal to the force with which the Earth pulls downward on you. (C)equal to your weight. (D)both B and C. -If the mass of the Sun was 10 times greater than it is now, and the mass of the Earth was 10 times smaller than it is now, the gravitational force (F=Gm1m2/d) between the Sun and the Earth would be (A) 10 times greater. (B) 100 times greater. (C) the same as it is now. (D) 104 times greater than it is now. -Your dilated pupil has a diameter of 5 mm. The Hale telescope at the Palomar Obser-vatory in California has a primary mirror with a 5 m diameter. How many times more light gathering power does the Hale telescope have compared to your dilated eye? (A) 10 times. (B) 1000 times. (C) 106times. (D) 104times -From the following choices, choose the sequence of types of light that follows shortest to longest wavelengths: (A) microwaves, ultra-violet, gamma rays, x-rays, visual, infrared, radio (B) gamma rays, x-rays, ultra-violet, visual, microwaves,infrared, radio (C) radio, x-rays, ultra-violet, visual, gamma rays, infrared, microwaves radio, microwaves, infrared, visual, ultra-violet, x-rays, gamma rays -Galileo’s observations of the moons of Jupiter (A) confirmed that the heliocentric model was wrong. (B) confirmed that the geocentric model was correct. (C) confirmed that some things do not orbit Earth. (D) confirmed Copernicus’ view of perfectly circular orbits. -Copernicus’ heliocentric model used to describe the observed retro-grade motion of the planets. (A) equants, deferrents, and epicycles (B) only defferents and epicycles (C) only epicycles Copernicus’ model could not explain retrograde motion. -Suppose the Earth’s radius were a quarter its true value, but its mass stayed the same. How would the force of gravity between you and the Earth compare to how it i ...

1. -Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the Solar System
(A) has the planets and Earth’s moon orbiting the Sun.
(B) has the planets, Sun, and Earth’s moon orbiting Earth.
(C) has the planets orbiting the Sun, but with the Earth at the
center.
(D) has Earth’s moon orbiting the Sun with the Earth at the
center.
-When Earth catches up to a slower-moving outer planet and
passes it in its orbit in the same way that a faster runner
overtakes a slower runner in an outside lane, the planet
(A) exhibits retrograde motion.
(B) slows down because it feels Earth’s gravitational pull.
(C) decreases in brightness as it passes through Earth’s shadow.
moves into a more elliptical orbit.
-Copernicus’ heliocentric model has
(A) the planets orbiting the Sun in ellipses.
(B) the planets orbiting the Sun in perfect circles.
(C) the planets orbiting the Earth in perfect circles.
the planets orbiting the Earth in ellipses.
-Astronauts orbiting Earth in the International Space Station
(A) feel no gravity in space.
(B) are too far from Earth to feel Earth’s gravity.
(C) are constantly falling toward Earth.
none of the above.
-The force with which you pull upward on Earth is

2. (A) zero.
(B) equal to the force with which the Earth pulls downward on
you.
(C)equal to your weight.
(D)both B and C.
-If the mass of the Sun was 10 times greater than it is now, and
the mass of the Earth was 10 times smaller than it is now, the
gravitational force (F=Gm1m2/d) between the Sun and the Earth
would be
(A) 10 times greater.
(B) 100 times greater.
(C) the same as it is now.
(D) 104 times greater than it is now.
-Your dilated pupil has a diameter of 5 mm. The Hale telescope
at the Palomar Obser-vatory in California has a primary mirror
with a 5 m diameter.
How many times more light gathering power does the Hale
telescope have compared to your dilated eye?
(A) 10 times.
(B) 1000 times.
(C) 106times.
(D) 104times
-From the following choices, choose the sequence of types of
light that follows shortest to longest wavelengths:
(A) microwaves, ultra-violet, gamma rays, x-rays, visual,
infrared, radio
(B) gamma rays, x-rays, ultra-violet, visual,

3. microwaves,infrared, radio
(C) radio, x-rays, ultra-violet, visual, gamma rays, infrared,
microwaves
radio, microwaves, infrared, visual, ultra-violet, x-rays, gamma
rays
-Galileo’s observations of the moons of Jupiter
(A) confirmed that the heliocentric model was wrong.
(B) confirmed that the geocentric model was correct.
(C) confirmed that some things do not orbit Earth.
(D) confirmed Copernicus’ view of perfectly circular orbits.
-Copernicus’ heliocentric model used to describe the observed
retro-grade motion of the planets.
(A) equants, deferrents, and epicycles
(B) only defferents and epicycles
(C) only epicycles
Copernicus’ model could not explain retrograde motion.
-Suppose the Earth’s radius were a quarter its true value, but its
mass stayed the same. How would the force of gravity between
you and the Earth compare to how it is now?
(A)Fqtr = F true/4
(B)F qtr/4 =Ftrue
(C) 16Fqtr=Ftrue
(D)Fqtr= 16Ftrue

4. -If you listen to Berkeley’s KALX radio station at 90.7 FM, y
our radio is tuned to receive a signal with frequency 90.7 MHz.
What is the approximate wavelength of this signal (Hint: MHz
is 106Hz)?
(A) 30 cm
(B) 3 m
(C) 0.3 m
(D) 30 m