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Abbink J (2006) Ethnicity and conflict generation in Ethiopia: Some problems and prospects
of ethno-regional federalism. Journal of Contemporary African Studies 24(3): 388-413.
Abbink J (2011) Ethnic-based federalism and ethnicity in Ethiopia: reassessing the experiment
after 20 years. Journal of Eastern African Studies 5 (4): 596-618.
______ (2019) The war of words between TPLF and ADP. Addis Fortune 13 July. Retrieved
from https://addisfortune.news/the-war-of-words-between-tplf-and-adp/
Addisu R (2019) The coverage of internal conflict between Oromia and Somali regional states
on Ethiopian media: comparative study of OBN and SRTV. Master’s Thesis, Addis
Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Prager A and Hameleers M (2021) Disseminating information or advocating peace?
Journalists’ role perceptions in the face of conflict. Journalism 22(2): 395–413.
Alemu H (2003) Ethnic federalism in Ethiopia: background, present conditions and future
prospects. In: The second EAF international symposium on contemporary development
issues in Ethiopia. City University of New York Queens College 11-12 July 2003.
AMC (2020) About. Retrieved from https://www. amharaweb.com/
Ayele A (2020) Ethnic Nationalists Abuse of Media : Lessons of Yugoslavia and Rwanda for
Ethiopia. European Scientific Journal 16(16):98–122.
https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2020.v16n16p98
Azizachew W (2019) Crisis Communication in Ethiopian Public Universities: A case of Bahir
Dar University and University of Gondar. Masters thesis, Bahir Dar University,
Ethiopia.
Bartholome G, Lecheler S and De vresee C (2015) Manufacturing Conflict? How Journalists
Intervene in the Conflict Frame Building Process. The International Journal of
Press/Politics 20 (4): 438-457. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161215595514
Bekalu T (2017) Ethnic federalism and conflict in Ethiopia. African journal on conflict
resolution 17 (2): 41-66.
Belay S (2010) Minority Rights Protection in the Amhara National Regional State: The case
of the Kemant people in North Gondar. Master’s Thesis, Addis Ababa University,
Ethiopia. Retrieved from https://chilot.me/llm-thesis/
Berkowitz A (2009) Reporters and their sources. In: Wahl-Jorgensen K and Hanitzsch T (eds)
The handbook of journalism studies. New York: Routledge, pp. 103-115.
Birhanu B (2019) Interethnic Relations among Amhara and Kemant Ethnic Groups in North-
Western Ethiopia. Int. J. Polit. Sci. Develop 7(7): 225-236.
Bratic V and Schirch L (2007) Why and When to Use the Media for Conflict Prevention and
Peace building, Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict. GSRDC
Publications 6: 8-30
Cook T (1998) Governing with the News: the news media as a political institution (2nd ed.)
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Endalkachew A (2018) The polarization of stateowned and private media in Ethiopia: the case
of EBC and OMN’s reporting on current political crisis in Oromia region. Master’s
thesis). Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
FDRE (1995) FDRE Negarit Gazeta. Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of
Ethiopia Proclamation No. 1/1995, 77.
Fong N (2009) Framing Analysis of a Conflict: War/Peace Journalism. The Journal of the
South East Asia Research Centre for Communications and Humanities 1(1): 17-32.
Galtung J (1986) On the role of the media in worldwide security and peace. In: Varis T (eds)
Peace and Communication. San Jose, Costa Rica: Universidad para La Paz, pp. 249-
266.
Galtung J (1998) High road, low road: Charting the course for peace journalism. Trade Two 7:
7–10
Gamreklidze E (2015) Sourcing and Framing Analysis of Source Messages in the Coverage of
Armed Conflicts by American and British Foreign Reporters. PhD Dissertation,
Louisiana State University, US.
Gamst C (1969) The Qemant: a Pagan-Hebraic Peasantry of Ethiopia (Case Studies in
Cultural Anthropology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Giuliana T (2016) Media and Peace in the Middle East: The Role of Journalism in Israel–
Palestine. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
Goffman E (1974) Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Harvard
University Press.
Hamilton M and Lawrence G (2010) Bridging past and future: Using history and practice to
inform social scientific study of foreign newsgathering. Journalism Studies 11(5): 683-
699.
Harris US (2004) EPS Policy Brief #3: The role of the media in reporting conflicts.
Economists for Peace and Security, Sydney.
Kabi K (2012) Peace Process & Media. Guwahati: Eastern Book House.
Lee T and Maslog C (2005) War or peace journalism? Asian newspaper coverage of conflicts.
Journal of Communication 55(2): 311–328.
Menychle M (2017) Conceptualizing an African media system: An examination of media and
politics in the Ethiopian context. Master’s Thesis, NLA University College, Norway.
Menychle M (2017) The Historical Development of Media in Unconquered Africa: A
Historical Review of Ethiopian Media. Media History 26(4): 373–390.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2019.1634528
Michael M (2008) Who is Amhara? African Identities 6(4): 393-404, doi:
10.1080/14725840802417943.
Mulatu A (2017) Ethiopian journalism from self-censoring to silence: a case of reporting on
internal conflict. Journal for Communication Studies 10(19): 111-128.
Mulatu A (2018) Community Radio in Ethiopia: A Discourse of Peace and Conflict Reporting.
In: J. Servaes (eds) Handbook of Communication for Development and Social Chang.
Singapore: Springer, pp 1-10.
Neuman R, Just R and Crigler N (1992) Common knowledge: News and
the construction of political meaning. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kemal A (2013) Ethiopian Media Industry: Ownership and Regulations from Historical Point of
View. Master’s Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Peters C (2011) Emotion aside or emotional side? Crafting an ‘experience of involvement’ in
the news. Journalism 12(3): 297–316.
Robinson P (2002) The CNN effect: The myth of news, foreign policy, and intervention. New
York: Routledge
Scott W (1978) Black Nationalism and the Italo-Ethiopian Conflict 1934-1936. The Journal of
Negro History 63(2): 118-134. doi: 10.2307/2717305
Semetko A and Valkenburg M (2000) Framing European politics: A content analysis of press
and television news. Journal of Communication 50(2): 93–109.
Shinar D (2009) Can peace journalism make progress?: The Coverage of the 2006 Lebanon
War in Canadian and Israeli Media. International Communication Gazette 71(6): 451–
471. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048509339786
Skjerdal T (2013) Competing loyalties: Journalism culture in the Ethiopian state media. PhD
Dissertation, University of Oslo, Norway.
Watts R (2008) Comparing federal systems. London: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Woldegebrie B (2004) Memories of the Victory of Adwa: A Focus on Its commemoration
(1941-1999). Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Wolfsfeld G (2004) Media and the path to peace. New York: Cambridge University Press.
World Population Review (2020) Ethiopia Population. Retrieved from
https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/ethiopia-population/
Yeshiwas D (2013) Kemant (ness): The Quest for Identity and Autonomy in Ethiopian Federal
Polity. Developing Country Studies 4(18): 157-167.
Zandberg E and Neiger M (2005) Between the nation and the profession: Journalists as
members of contradicting communities. Media, Culture and Society 27(1): 131–141.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443705049073

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Harvard stayle.docx

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