Switzerland: Where's the limit: What level of biodiversity impacts from consumption is admissible?
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Presentació de Christoph Dürr a la XII Reunió del Conveni de Diversitat Biològica en el marc d'una sessió de treball on va participar Catalunya juntament amb la Xarxa de governs regionals per al desenvolupament sostenible, nrg4SDva. Christoph Dürr de la International Forest Policy Adviser Federal Office for the Environment de Suïssa va exposar que el seu govern està revisant el seu marc legal per incorporar l'impacte ambiental de les seves actuacions internacionals. De fet, es tracta de ser un país responsable amb la seva petjada ecològica més enllà de les pròpies fronteres i trobar el consens i l'assumpció de responsabilitats pel consum dels béns públics ambientals.
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Switzerland: Where's the limit: What level of biodiversity impacts from consumption is admissible?
- 1. Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications DETEC Federal Office for the Environment FOEN Forest Division Where's the limit: What level of biodiversity impacts from consumption is admissible? COP12 Side event on external responsibility on global biodiversity loss, 15.10.2014, Pyeongchang (Rep.of Korea) Hall B, Room 1 - NGOs meeting room Christoph Dürr, Swiss Federal Office for the Environment
- 2. Introduction: Swiss consumption‘s impacts on the environment abroad Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 2 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 3. 1. Step: Tracking Switzerland‘s land use footprint: potential damage to biodiversity Rising share of impacts abroad due to domestic consumption. A similar picture results for the nitrogen footprint. Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 3 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 4. 2. Step: Translating the Limits of Our Planet to a National Footprint Perspective Goal: Translating the limits of our planet into footprint limit values for Switzerland ( in a consumption perspective) The study is conducted by UNEP-GRID (expected 2015) and is inspired by Nykvist et al. (2013). Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 4 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 5. The challenging quest for footprint limit values! What is the maximum admissible level? Publication of the study is planned for the end of this year. Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 5 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 6. Footprint limits: Which share for Switzerland? •1st step of the study: equal rights for global environmental public goods per capita are assumed (and thus equal "rights to pollute"). •2nd step: the limit values are refined according to other considerations e.g. historic responsibility, basic human needs, how much is left, etc. Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 6 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 7. 3. The Context of Green Economy Policy Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 7 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 8. Popular initiative for a Green Economy "Popular initiative" is a direct-democratic instrument in Switzerland: Anyone can propose a constitutional amendment (needs 100'000 valid signatures), on which the Swiss citizens eventually has to vote on. Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 8 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 9. Revision of the environment protection act (Government proposition) The Swiss government prepared a counter-proposal: the revision of the environment protection act. • A new Article (10h) states the duty of the Confederation to aim at reducing environmental impacts taking into account impacts caused abroad. • It also schedules a mechanism for setting targets and reporting on achievement. • A set of concrete measures is proposed in the domains of consumption and production as well as circular economy The proposal is currently being debated in parliament. Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 9 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 10. Open questions for discussion • Is there a responsibility of countries to reduce their land use / biodiversity footprint? (including abroad) • What is a „fair share“ of resource consumption - in a global context? • How to achieve consensus on „fair share“? Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 10 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 11. Thank you! Further information: http://www.bafu.admin.ch/wirtschaft/00517/11301/index.html?lang=en christoph.duerr@bafu.admin.ch andreas.hauser@bafu.admin.ch Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 11 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
- 12. Appendix Which limits to the biodiversity footprint of consumption? | External Responsibility on global biodiversity loss / COP 12 side event , 12 Swiss FOEN, Christoph Dürr & Andreas Hauser 15.10.2014
Editor's Notes
- The presentation is structured as follows: Switzerland‘s „biodiversity footprint“: rising share abroad From planetary boundaries to footprint limit values The context of green economy policy Questions for discussion
- Products consumed in an industrialised country like Switzerland may be at the root of environmental problems accross the world. E.g. wood from tropical forests palm oil in Swiss chocolate soy bean used to feed Swiss cattle needs agricultural land, indirectly at the expense of forest land
- Domestic contribution to land use changes is small, due to sustainable land use in agriculture/forestry and increase of forest area in Switzerland. Consuption abroad increases due to raising imports of animal feed and food stuffs, causing conversion of tropical forest into palm oil and soya plantations. Land use is weighted with the potential damage to biodiversity, using indicators from national biodiversity monitoring data set. Tropical rain forest has e.g. higher weight than glacier and desert land.
- National impact assessment already exist – adding new dimension of translating the global limits to the national level with a footprint perspective in national consumption. First studies have been conducted by Johan Rockström (2009) and then translated to Swedish context by Nykvist (2013) This project intends to do the same for Switzerland.
- What is acceptable? Aim is that each country remains within its limit – global limits are kept. Depending on the methodology applied, there results a range of possible limits.
- What are equal rights? Limits per capita? Other? Here ethic questions add to natural sciences
- Referendum with over 100’000 signatures to change legislation with the aim to reduce ecological footprint from 2.8 2009 to 1 in 2050
- Reason for rejecting: Not realistic to achieve target – given the high share of environmental impact caused abroad Consumptive environmental impact is more challenging to regulate
- This is how the footprint of 2.8 is calculated – 5 divided by 1.8