The presentation focuses on the Energy Efficient Strategies that were proposed for a local area i.e. select ward in Aurangabad City

1. MPEP1303C: ENERGY ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING
HRISHIKESH SATPUTE (2019MEP012)
ENERGY EFFICIENT PLANNING FOR A LOCAL AREA
A CASE STUDY OF AURANGABAD CITY – WARD NO. 2

2. Energy Accounting
and Auditing
MPEP 1303C
ULB
Aurangabad
Municipal
Corporation
Taluka
Aurangabad
State
Maharashtra
Population
11,75,116
(2011)
Area
13,846.8 Ha
Source: Author generated based on
AMC DP Report and Bhuvan

3. 1. Peri-Urban Area
(Ward) with Highest
Population (Above
30,000)
2. All income groups of
society PRESENT
(except Slums)
3. Diverse Landuse
PRESENT
4. Diverse building
typology PRESENT
5. Population Density
above 50 pp ha
Selection Criterion
Wards in AMC
99
Ward no. 2
Source:
Author generated based on
AMC Ward Map

4. 2
Population
31,584
(2011)
Household
7061
(2011)
Average HH Size
4.5
Area
592 Ha
Population Density
53 ppha
Selected Ward
LANDUSE MAP
Source: Author generated
based on AMC DP Report

5. 2
Selected Ward
LANDUSE MAP
Source: Author generated
based on AMC DP Report
41.85%
8.73%
0.21%
1.15%
0.08%
33.11%
14.88%
Landuse Classification
Land use Area (Ha)
Agriculture 239.3
Commercial 49.9
Public Utility 1.2
Public and
Semi-Public
6.6
Recreational
Spaces
0.4
Residential 189.3
Vacant Land 85.1

6. 7.5%
31.0%
56.1%
5.3%
Socio-Economic Classes
in Ward no. 2
Classes Area (Ha)
EWS 14.2
LIG 58.7
MIG 106.3
HIG 10.1
Total (Residential) 189.3
Observations:
• EWS clusters can be seen
around the APMC in the south
• Concentration of LIGs and MIGs
are observed along the NH – 30
• HIG cluster is developing
towards the east as the land
prices are cheap
Socio - Economic
Classification
Source:
Author generated based on Primary and
Secondary Survey, 2020

7. Personal Interview
Survey
Survey
Locations
Classes Samples
EWS 10
LIG 10
MIG 10
HIG 10
Total 40
1. Consumer Number
2. Average monthly
consumption (in
kWh)
3. Average monthly bill
amount (in ₹)
4. Reasons for not using
Solar
5. Willingness to adopt
Solar
6. Purpose of adoption
7. Willingness to pay for
solar installation
Source:
Author generated based on
Primary and Secondary
Survey, 2020

8. Classes Samples
EWS 10
LIG 32
MIG 34
HIG 11
Total 87
Survey
Locations
Secondary Data
-MSEB Office
1. Consumer Number
2. Average monthly
consumption (in
kWh)
3. Average monthly bill
amount (in ₹)
Final Samples
Total samples were
calculated in proportion
with population under
each SEG as under:
Source:
Author generated based on Primary and
Secondary Survey, 2020

9. LT I Res-1 Phase Rates per Unit (in ₹)
Before
1st April 2020
1.28
After
31st April 2020
1.45
Sample Bill Calculations
LT I Res-1 Phase Fixed Charge (₹)
Before
31st March 2020
90
After
1st April 2020
100*
A) FIXED CHARGE:
* Additional fixed charges of ₹10 per month
in Corporation Area.
Slab
(kWh)
Before
31st March 20
After
1st April 20
D#
0-100 3.05 3.46 0.41
101-300 6.95 7.43 0.48
301-500 9.90 10.32 0.42
501-1000 11.50 11.71 0.21
>1000 12.50 11.71 -0.8
B) ELECTRICITY CHARGE (EC):
# Difference in Electricity Charge (in ₹)
B) WHEELING CHARGE:
C) ELECTRICITY DUTY:
D) TAX ON SALE:
16%
TOTAL BILL AMOUNT:
NA for Residential customers
A + B + C + D + Others
Source: Portal of Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL) for Consumer Information
Website: https://billcal.mahadiscom.in/consumerbill/

10. 323.91
554.56
1255.05
3476.97
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
EWS LIG MIG HIG
Average
monthly
Bill
Amount
(₹)
Socio-Economic Class
Average Electricity Bill Amount (₹) per month
35.4
72.8
159.6
423.7
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
EWS LIG MIG HIG
Average
Consumption
(kWh) Socio-Economic Class
Average Electricity Consumption (kWh) per month
Inferences
Electricity Consumption
and Bill Amount
• Out of total EWS samples
(10) it was observed that the
4 month average
consumption (kWh) was
least among all SEG, i.e. 35
units
• LIG when compared with
MIG the units were double
and MIG with HIG the
consumption is almost 2.5
times, this is due to more
electrical appliances in the
house
• We can conclude that,
Income of the family is
directly proportional to the
units consumed and Bill
Amount
• Moreover, built-up area of a
particular house is directly
proportional to the
electricity units consumed
Lower and Middle Income Group - Apartments
Middle Income Group (MIG) - Bungalows
High Income Group (HIG) - Villas
Sara Siddhi Rd, Nanakwadi
Mhasoba Nagar, Harsul
Mayur Park, Harsul
V
I
U
A
L
S
F
R
O
M
W
A
R
D
2
(Source: Monthly electricity bills by MSEDCL, 2020)
(Source: Monthly electricity bills by MSEDCL, 2020)

11. EWS
LIG
MIG
HIG
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Apr- May-20 Jun-20 Aug-20 Sep-20
Socio-Economic
Class
Electricity
Consumption
(kWh)
Electricity Consumption (kWh) per month
EWS LIG MIG HIG
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Ward no 2 Aurangabad
City
Aurangabad
Taluka
Maharashtra India
460
1057 1101
1318
1122
Electricity
Consumption
(kWh)
Per capita per year Electricity Consumption
(kWh)
Electricity
Consumption
for Ward 2
Socio-
Economic
Class
Sample
Size
Electricity Consumption (kWh) Avg.
Consumption
(kWh)
April May June August Sept.
EWS 10 37.9 37.9 37.9 33.4 29.8 35.4
LIG 32 63.8 66.0 66.0 91.3 76.6 72.8
MIG 34 130.6 142.6 160.7 182.1 181.9 159.6
HIG 11 340.5 317.5 368.2 504.5 587.6 423.7
Total 87 572.9 564.0 632.8 811.3 875.9
172.8
Avg. Consumption (kWh) of a HH per month (Ward 2)
Avg. Consumption (kWh) of a
HH per month
172.8
Average Household Size for
Ward no. 2
4.5
Per capita Electricity
Consumption (kWh) per
month
38.4
Per capita Electricity
Consumption (kWh) per year
460.8
Inferences
• Electricity Consumption
(kWh) for the month of
April, May and June
were averaged based on
the SEGs.
• There is minimal
difference seen in the
monthly units consumed
by EWS.
• Significant difference is
seen in MIG and HIG
sector as the electricity
consumption is more as
people are working from
home and spending
more time at home.
20
1. District Statistical Abstract, 2016,
2. Energy Statistics Report, 2019,
3. Growth of electricity sector by MoP, 2019
(Source: Monthly electricity bills by MSEDCL, 2020) Source:

12. Questionnaire
for
Public
Perceptions
Survey
Q.1. Reasons for not using RES?
Public Perceptions and
Willingness to Pay for Renewable
(Solar) Energy Source (RES)
A. High installation cost
B. Lack of Awareness
C. Complex installation process
D. High Maintenance
E. System Hazard
F. Others
Q.2. Willingness to adopt RES?
A. Yes, irrespective of incentives
B. Yes, only if incentives are given
C. No
D. Maybe
Q.3. Purpose of adoption?
A. Intermittent power cuts
B. To save power cost
C. Others
Q.4. Willingness to pay for solar
installation?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Maybe
Q.1. Q.2.
Q.3. Q.4.
Reasons for not using RES? Willingness to adopt RES?
Purpose of adoption? Willingness to pay for setting up?
37%
30%
17%
10%
3% 3% High installation cost
Lack of Awareness
Complex installation
process
High Maintenance
System Hazard
Others
57%
37%
7%
Yes
No
Maybe
6
22
2
0
5
10
15
20
25
Intermittent power
cuts
To save power cost Others
Sample
Size
6
16
6
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Yes, irrespective
of incentives
Yes, only if
incentives are
given
No Maybe
Sample
Size
(Source: Primary Survey, 2020) (Source: Primary Survey, 2020)
(Source: Primary Survey, 2020)
(Source: Primary Survey, 2020)

13. OPPORTUNITIES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY
STRATEGIES AND PROPOSALS
WARD NO. 2, AURANGABAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, MH.

14. SR. CRITERIA SOLAR
BIOMASS
[WTE]
WIND
[Micro projects]
HYDRO
[Micro Projects]
TIDAL
1. Energy Potential [Y/N] Y Y N N N
2.
Energy Potential Capacity
[MW]
(Minimum Requirement)
4-7 kWh
per sq. m per day
2000 to
3000 MW
1.Average contour
difference in
Ward no. 2 is
around 5 meter
2.Average Wind
Speed is 10.2
mph which is
less than
standard value
i.e. 14mph
1. Nearest Dam is 88
kms from
Aurangabad city
2. Nature of river in
Aurangabad city is
Ephemeral which
are now
converted to
drains carrying
wastewater
Nature of river in
Aurangabad city is
Ephemeral which
are now converted
to drains carrying
wastewater
3.
Scale of the Project
[Micro/Macro]
Micro and Macro (both) Micro (City level)
4. Location of Installation
1. Roof tops
2. On-site
Four identified
government sites
outside the city limits
5.
Project Cost [Capital cost,
Recurring cost, etc.]
Off-grid connected PV
systems- Rs 50,000 to
1,00,000 per kWh
Cost Rs 4.5-6 crore
per MW, while
generation expense
is around Rs 3.25-
4.00 per kwH
6.
Apt Location [For Better
performance]
1. Identified government
land (APMC, etc.)
2. Residential area
3. Schools and Hospitals
Four sites identified
by AMC keeping in
view the growing
demands
7.
Skilled Labor
Requirement
No Yes
CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFYING POTENTIAL/FEASIBILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE FOR AN URBAN AREA

15. SOLAR
ENERGY
POTENTIAL
▪ Among the renewable sources of energy, solar energy has a huge
potential for power generation in Maharashtra (Maharashtra Energy
Development Agency, 2017).
▪ There are 250-300 days of clear sun with an available average
radiation of 4 to 6 kWh/sq. meter over a day.
▪ There is a capacity to generate 1.5 million units/MW/year through
solar photovoltaic systems & up to 2.5 million units/MW/ year
through solar thermal systems.
▪ Maharashtra is already in process to boost this enormous source
and interested solar project developers are submitting their
proposals to MEDA.
CURRENT SCENARIO OF MAHARASHTRA
SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL
Aurangabad City
4.5 to 4.8 kWh / m2 / day
CURRENT SCENARIO OF AURANGABAD CITY
▪ The brighter period of
the year lasts for 2.5
months, from March 13
to May 28, with an
average daily incident
shortwave energy per
square meter above 6.8
kWh.
▪ The brightest day of the
year is April 30, with an
average of 7.3 kWh.
Source: (Weather Spark Data, 2020)

16. Solar Potential
in AMC
• The Solar Potential
analysis and the
survey has gathered
resource potential of
solar energy and the
solar system
development in
Aurangabad city.
• Almost 57% of area
comes under Highest
category with 12%
under moderate
category
• Remaining 31% under
lowest solar potential
category
Source: Author generated based on SRTM
with reference to Solar GIS Data, 2020
(kWh/m2)

17. Classification of Solar
Potential Areas
i. 77% of area comes
under High to
Medium category
which mainly
comprise the area
having built up
ii. 23% of area comes
under Lowest
category which
mainly includes
Agricultural land and
Vacant land in the
ward
iii. Overall study area
has potential for
Solar power plant
installation on the
rooftops and on the
identified site
locations Source: Author generated based on SRTM
with reference to Solar GIS Data, 2020
Solar Potential
in Ward No. 2
(kWh/m2)

18. Sr.
No.
Location of Solar Power
Plant Installation
Avg.
Electricity
Cost
(per kwh)
Av. Roof Area
(m2
)
Roof Area/OA
Available
(%)
Plant
Capacity
(kW)
Cost of Solar Power Plant
per kWh (Rs)
Total Annual
Electricity
Generation
(kWh)
With MNRE
(40%) Subsidy
Without MNRE
Subsidy
1 Residential (MIG) - Apartments 7 86 25 2.1 25,800 43,000 3,150
2 Residential (MIG) - Bungalows 7 76 15 1.1 28,200 47,000 1,650
3 Residential (HIG) - Apartments 8 129 30 3.9 27,138 42,000 5,850
4 Residential (HIG) - Bungalows 8 137 20 2.7 25,800 43,000 4,050
5 Commercial (APMC) 12 3,000 (OA)# 85 255 36,000 3,82,500
6
Institutional Area
(Schools, Hospital, etc.)
9 1,115 75 83.6 38,000 1,25,400
CALCULATIONS FOR SOLAR PLANT CAPACITY AND ELECTRICITY GENERATION
Source: Calculations based on SPIN data by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, 2020; MSEB Tariff Rates, 2020 and Primary Survey data 2020
Sr.
No.
Socio -
Economic
Class
% Population HH
Willingness to Adopt RES
(out of 15 samples) in %
Willingness to
Adopt RES
(extrapolated)
HH
Avg.
Consumption
(kWh)
Annual
Electricity
Generation
(kWh) by RES
Total Annual
Electricity
Generation
(kWh) per year
Yes No Maybe
1 EWS 7.5 2,369 530 0 100 0 0 35 - -
2 LIG 31 9,794 2,190 0 86.8 13.3 0 73 - -
3 MIG 56.2 17,736 3,965 33.3 53.3 13.3 1322 160 1650 21,81,300
4 HIG 5.3 1,685 377 40 40 20 151 424 4050 6,11,550
Total (Residential) 100 31,584 7,061 - 1472 - 950 27,92,850
#OA = Open Area (Government Land)
Source: Calculations based on Primary Survey Data, 2020
(MSEB Office, Aurangabad)

19. 19.19%
[Total Annual Electricity Generation
(kWh) using solar] ward
[Annual Avg. Consumption (kWh)] ward
Percent share of Solar
Energy for Ward No. 2 =
CALCULATIONS
1,45,53,907
27,92,850
Percent share of solar energy
(Residential) for Ward No. 2
X 100 =
SCHEME FOR SOLAR POWER PLANT INSTALLATION
Financial Incentives from Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
▪ Cap Subsidy: MNRE provides 30% capital subsidy on capital expenditure
for rooftop solar PV system.
▪ Interest Subsidy: The government provides soft loans at 5% per annum
on 50% of capex amount for 5 years tenure for solar projects by both
commercial and non-commercial entities.
▪ Accelerated depreciation: For solar system, a company can claim 80%
depreciation in the first year itself leading to savings on income tax on
overall profit.
CASE STUDY
Use of Solar Electricity in Academic Institutes: A Survey in
Aurangabad City, Maharashtra (India)
Findings:
The most important factor driving the solar energy system design
process is whether the energy it produces is economical. Factors
such as i.e. no pollution, no greenhouse gas generation, security of
the energy resource etc., design decisions are almost exclusively
dominated by the ‘level of energy cost’ as stated in this case study.
Source: (Syed Javed, 2020)
Source: (Syed Javed, 2020)
=
Source: Compiled with the data of (Navdeep Gupta, 2020)
14.30%
Per capita consumption per year for AMC (Overall) = 1065 kWh
Percent share of solar energy (overall) for Ward No. 2 =
=
Source: (MSPGCL, 2019)
27,92,850 (R) + 3,82,500 (C) + 1,25,400 (I)
Percent share of solar energy
(Overall) for Ward No. 2 =
3,36,36,960
9.81%

20. CALCULATIONS FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION
THROUGH BIOMASS (WTE)
Daily per capita waste
generation
280 gms/day
(0.28 kg)
Total Population of
ward no. 2
31,584
Total waste generation
in the ward
8.4
tonne/day
Cumulative percentage
of recycling items
13%
Total waste available
for incineration (kg)
7.3
tonne/day
Energy produced per
ton
500-600
kWh
Total energy generation
potential for ward
4,015
kWh/tonnes
/day
Total energy
generation with WTE
14,65,475
kWh/year
% share of WTE 4.36%
• The civic body has identified
four strategically located sites
admeasuring 5-10 acres in the
outskirts of the city to set up
waste-to-energy plants.
• The projects will be
implemented through
funding from the state
government.
• Aurangabad city currently
generates about 330 Metric
ton (MT) of municipal solid
waste from about 0.25 to 0.3
million housing units (Salve
U.L1, 2019).
• Sixty cores have been spent
on SWM since last five years
by AMC. (AMC Data, 2018)
WTE SCENARIO
IN AURANGABAD
WTE SENARIO
IN AURANGABAD
Biomass Energy
Potential
Map
Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, 2016
Aurangabad City
(More than 3000 MW)
Source: SEA. 2017
Royal Haskoning DHV (2014)
BIOMASS ENERGY POTENTIAL

21. 1. ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND NGOs
For sinking the energy load, role of local government is vital to promote generation
of on-site renewable energy for catering the demand for increasing population of
city. The NGOs can also help to reach the last mile of the society to meet the
power requirements and promoting the energy efficient appliances.
2. PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION
There should be more awareness programmes, conferences, workshops, etc. on
solar energy as an alternative power source which is often overlooked needs to be
strengthened.
3. PROVISION OF GRANTS AND SUBSIDIZED LOANS WITH TAX INCENTIVES
Easy subsidies or cash rebates for building clean energy equipment which can be
made available for a certain period of time, or until a certain expected cost of
renewable capacity has been installed. Low-interest or interest-free loans to
individuals or organisations that install renewable energy.
4. IMPROVING EXISTING POLICIES AND FRAMEWORKS
A thorough review of the existing policy and regulatory framework in all relevant
sectors has been recommended to identify policy areas and regulatory gaps and to
establish steps to address them.
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES

22. REFERENCES
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(2019). Assessment of Solid Waste Management for Aurangabad
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Academic Institutes : A Survey in Aurangabad City , Maharashtra (
India ), 1(1), 18–26.
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Performance and Carbon Credit Analysis of a 6 KWP Rooftop, 8(2),
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of Research in Social Sciences, 8(3), 428–440.
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23. Electricity can transform people's lives, not just economically but also socially.
~ Piyush Goyal, Cabinet Minister, GOI
THANK YOU…