CHAPTER-1 Discussion 1 1) Discussion COLLAPSE IT value: Information Technology is used everywhere in the world. Information technology provides many services to other organizations and ends users such as by providing computer services, network services, hosting the applications and sites and other engineering applications. IT organizations price their services from their clients and customers. Many clients think that service providers are costing them more because they only know a few benefits about the services they are taking. For this service providers need to communicate and explain IT value with their customers, the benefits and features they are getting in it. The IT value is realized when every product and service is analyzed and its benefits are used completely by the organization. This helps to make decisions about investment in new technology. Reference: Meyer, N. D. (2007, December 1). IT Value: What It Really Means. Retrieved from https://www.cio.com/article/2437551/it-value--what-it-really-means.html. 2) Week 1 - Discussion Attachment COLLAPSE IT value is defined as capturing and understanding the business value derived from both financial and economical in information technology which consists of various components and systems. IT value consists of various category which include revenue quantity quality and cost. IT value is determined based on the organizational performance and the impact of information technology both at a higher level and medium level and organization hierarchy (John, 2003). IT value comprises of efficiency impact and competitive level impact. The IT value is understood by various means of technologies like using business intelligence and other data science technology is to understand the customer and what can be provided to create value internally as well as to any client. The organization's ethics and industrial standards will elevate the IT value of a company. IT value provides detailed information about the organization process and their correlation between the employees and their ideas and approach towards implementation and other projects. Information technology is realized when the organization is not performing as per their industrial standards, The rectification is can be made by the senior executives and other decision-makers whether the IT value is being fulfilled internally and externally. The most important thing about IT realization is organization is justifying the services to the client (John, 2003) References: Glaser, John. (2003). Analyzing information technology value. Healthcare financial management : journal of the Healthcare Financial Management Association. 57. 98-100, 102, 104. Lee, Byungtae & Menon, Nirup. (2000). Information Technology Value Through Different Normative Lenses.. J. of Management Information Systems. 16. 99-120. 10.1080/07421222.2000.11518267. CHAPTER-1 Discussion 2 3) Week 1 Discussion Principles for delivering value In almost all sections, IT can be d ...

1. CHAPTER-1 Discussion 1
1)
Discussion
COLLAPSE
IT value: Information Technology is used everywhere in the
world. Information technology provides many services to other
organizations and ends users such as by providing computer
services, network services, hosting the applications and sites
and other engineering applications. IT organizations price their
services from their clients and customers. Many clients think
that service providers are costing them more because they only
know a few benefits about the services they are taking. For this
service providers need to communicate and explain IT value
with their customers, the benefits and features they are getting
in it.
The IT value is realized when every product and service is
analyzed and its benefits are used completely by the
organization. This helps to make decisions about investment in
new technology.
Reference:
Meyer, N. D. (2007, December 1). IT Value: What It Really
Means. Retrieved from https://www.cio.com/article/2437551/it-
value--what-it-really-means.html.
2)
Week 1 - Discussion Attachment
COLLAPSE
IT value is defined as capturing and understanding the business
value derived from both financial and economical in
information technology which consists of various components

2. and systems. IT value consists of various category which
include revenue quantity quality and cost. IT value is
determined based on the organizational performance and the
impact of information technology both at a higher level and
medium level and organization hierarchy (John, 2003). IT value
comprises of efficiency impact and competitive level impact.
The IT value is understood by various means of technologies
like using business intelligence and other data science
technology is to understand the customer and what can be
provided to create value internally as well as to any client. The
organization's ethics and industrial standards will elevate the IT
value of a company. IT value provides detailed information
about the organization process and their correlation between the
employees and their ideas and approach towards implementation
and other projects.
Information technology is realized when the organization is not
performing as per their industrial standards, The rectification is
can be made by the senior executives and other decision-makers
whether the IT value is being fulfilled internally and externally.
The most important thing about IT realization is organization is
justifying the services to the client (John, 2003)
References:
Glaser, John. (2003). Analyzing information technology value.
Healthcare financial management : journal of the Healthcare
Financial Management Association. 57. 98-100, 102, 104.
Lee, Byungtae & Menon, Nirup. (2000). Information
Technology Value Through Different Normative Lenses.. J. of
Management Information Systems. 16. 99-120.
10.1080/07421222.2000.11518267.
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 2
3)

3. Week 1 Discussion
Principles for delivering value
In almost all sections, IT can be defined as worth of a thing or
generally as its desirability; IT description manly depend on the
organization's views on the performance and the uses that mean
it's tied on a business model (McKeen & Smith, 2015).
The five principles for delivery value are:
Clear and distinctively value principle: It explains the process
of management; according to this principle, it makes sure that
any object that has been developed its tracked well. This
principle allows the managing team and those who utilize the IT
to make a decision or revisit the portfolio and find out if this
can be changed (Dubey2018). it also spends mostly on strategic
and infrastructural projects; it develops a realization of value
The second principle emphasis on the chunks of value- this
principle concentrates mainly on the critical areas. It focuses on
small projects and ensuring that the value that has been
delivered in those series are stable; in this principle, long and
short term goals are well-adjusted.
The third principle focuses on the technology value in terms of
holistic orientation aspects-It concentrations mainly on
technology management, people, and process. Moreover, in the
creation of impact of technology, this principle policy of
technology is impacted in business (Bonham, 2005).
The fourth principle intends to show that technology initiatives
are possessed jointly, it ensures that managerial financing of
server a IT based. It develops a joint responsibility among the
IT users in regards to maintenance and also ensuring that there
is a good trust between the organizations and the IT.
The last principle exploits more on regular experimentations; it
tests new technology more so in the small scale organizations.
By using the small organization, it helps in the reduction of

4. risks and the occurrences. These experiments are performed on
chucks so that it can be realized in the shortest time.
The principle of clear and distinctive values is the most
important, according to me, since it focuses on strengthening
projects as it develops; this will ensure that any anomaly is
noticed in the earlier stage and can be changed or rectified.
Also, this principle provides reviewing and makes sure that the
problem or error that has occurred is checked and corrected in
an earlier stage.
References
Bonham, S. (2005). IT project portfolio management. Boston:
Artech House.
Dubey, S. (2018). IT strategy and management. Delhi: PHI
Learning Private Limited.
McKeen, J. D., & Smith, H. A. (2015). IT strategy: Issues and
practices, 3rd ed. Pearson.
4)
Discussion 1
COLLAPSE
In most cases, IT value is a subjective assessment whose
description depends on how the organization that uses views it.
It is tied to business models and can be defined generally as the
desirability or worth of a thing.
There are five principles for delivering value. Number one
principle is that is a clear and distinctively defined portfolio
value management process. This principle ensures that objects
are tracked whenever they are developed. It also allows the
managers and those utilizing the IT to revisit the portfolio, or
the decision made and find out if they can be altered (Lesson 1,
2015). The principle also invests more in projects that are

5. infrastructural and strategic. Through the principle, a means
that help in ensuring the realization of value is developed.
The principle number two: The principle focuses on the chunks
of value. Most often than not it focusses its strengths on critical
areas. It ensures value delivery using a series of projects that
are small and focused. In the course of the process, the principle
ensures that the short- and long-term goals are well balanced.
The principle number three focuses on a holistic orientation to
aspects related to technology value. The principle focuses on
managing the use of technology, process and people. It also
intends to create the impact of technology. Through the policy,
technological changes are incorporated into the business. The
fourth principle aims at creating a view that technology
initiatives are owned jointly. The principle makes sure that
executive financing of sever a lIT-based (Lesson 1, 2015). Also,
the principle develops among the IT user a joint responsibility
concerning maintenance as well as ensuring trust between the
business or organization and the IT.
The last principle; number five capitalizes on more frequent
experimentations. It focuses on testing on new technologies
mostly on small scales. The reason for doing it on a small scale
is to reduce the occurrence and the magnitude of the risks. The
experiments are carried out in chunks and enables the value of
IT to be realized or noticed within the shortest time possible.
Of the five principles; the principle number one appears to be
the most important. This is because the principle focuses its
strengths in tracking the projects as they develop. Doing so will
help notice any anomaly at an early stage which can permit
rectification. Also, it provides a chance through which
reviewing can be enhanced. Such makes sure that any error
which might have been done or committed during decision
making is checked.

6. References:
1. James C. Collins and Jerry I. Porras, Built to Last
(HarperCollins, 1994).
2. “Meg Whitman at eBay Inc. (A),” HBS case no.9-400-035
CHAPTER-2 Discussion3
5)
Discussion
COLLAPSE
Every organization needs an IT strategy to determine the long-
term strategical plans in order to accomplish the objectives or
goals. The business is necessary to adopt new emerging
technologies for the proper functioning of its operations. It is
incorporated with facilities like cost management, system
infrastructure, investments, risk factors. The four critical
success factors of the IT strategy include revisiting the business
plans and models, strategical themes, gathering the right people
into it, business work in partnership (Gallimore, 2017).
Revisiting business plans or models: Whenever the business is
initiated, a plan should be highlighted on the worklist before
performing any kind of work scenarios. A strategical plan
always helps in making accurate decisions in the organizations
and acts as a guideline in future projects. A plan is necessary to
be developed before starting a new service or product. This
revisiting the business model helps when the organization is
going to expand its product or services in the competitive
world. When buying a new business, it helps in quantifying a

7. new investment return. A business plan acts as a blueprint of
the business organizations which has clear objectives and
operationalities (Patching, 2017).
Strategic themes: IT strategy enable the organization to create
new business policies and enable the organization to expand its
business into different locations. IT should be interrelated with
the business operations so that it is easy to track and manage
the business activities. It will provide the opportunity to take
the right decision (Ekanem, 2017).
Right People involvement: Company top management should
always take priority to understand the situation and make the
decision as per the customer's expectations. top management
should focus on new strategies and business policies so that
they can grab and identify the new opportunities in the market.
Work in partnership: IT became a major component in every
organization's operations so that it can achieve the
organizational objectives and goals. Business objectives and IT
frameworks can make business operations easy and fulfill the
customer’s and employee's needs.
References
Ekanem, I. (2017). Introduction to the business plan. Writing a
Business Plan, 9–10.
Gallimore, A. (2017). Developing an It strategy for your library.
London: Library Association Publishing.
Patching, K. (2017). Developing strategy. Leadership, Character
and Strategy, 121–129.
CHAPTER-2
6)

8. Critical success factor
IT success factors
The IT success factors can be divided in four critical area. The
four critical aspect of the same is discussed in the following
paragraph.
Time to time revisiting
Time to time revisiting the business model is an important
factor that needs to be considered. The IT manager needs to
make sure that he makes a revisit to the goals of the
organization and make a right alignment with the IT sector.
While there is a time to time revisiting of the IT strategy the
necessary changes can be made. This is one of the ways through
which the IT sector can evolve.
A successful theme of strategy
Having a successful theme of strategy is essential. The careful
crafting of the IT program to cater to the business needs is an
essential factor that needs to be considered. To be successful in
the strategy it is essential that IT is aligned with the business
needs. Though it was very hard to get the right people in the
past but now it is easier and this is one of the most important
factor that needs to be considered.
Hiring right people
Hiring the right people would always provide a proper direction
to the IT sector. This is one of the most important factor that
needs to be considered for the success of IT. The success of IT
cannot be burdened upon the senior manager and the higher
authority but it is the right people at all the levels that makes IT
successful.

9. Having partners
While there is a successful approach in developing the
partnership between the business and the IT the success of IT is
assured. As stated by Ross, Exposito & Kennedy (2020) a
successful IT can be achieved with the help of the partnership
between the needs of the business and the IT designs. The
partnership can be considered to be the key to success of IT.
CHAPTER-3
7)
Week 1: Discuss the key business metrics for IT.
COLLAPSE
Key business metrics for IT
IT and business go hand in hand to measure financial impact.
Metrics can also be measured based on customer and employee
satisfaction. Measurement is important to know where a
company stands and how to be accountable.
IT can be measured using the following approaches:
‘Peel-the-onion’ Approach: Unfold IT value on project by
project basis
‘Put-the-onion-back-together’ Approach’: Trace back the IT
progress to coincide with business unit strategy.
This evaluates project team by delivering specific value to
organization. Thus, there are 3 different measures on which IT
can be held accountable:
Enterprise measures: This directly links IT with company
performance.
Functional measures: This evaluates company’s internal work
like employee and customer satisfaction.
Project measures:
References:

10. James D. McKeen, Heather A. Smith, IT Strategy: Issues and
Practices, Third Edition. Pearson, 2015, ISBN-13 978-0-13-
354424-4.
References
Ganguly, M., & RoyBardhan, M. (2020). Role of Appreciative
Leadership in Organizational Development: The Roadmap to
Employee Growth. In Appreciative Inquiry Approaches to
Organizational Transformation (pp. 182-193). IGI Global.
Ross, D. B., Exposito, J. A., & Kennedy, T. (2020). Stress and
its relationship to leadership and a healthy workplace culture. In
Occupational Stress: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice
(pp. 161-193). IGI Global.
8)
Discussion 1
COLLAPSE
Business metrics for IT: the success of IT depends on the
following key metrics. they are
Operational metrics that are measured by measuring the average
time taken to load a page, the list of products and its
performance level. It also is measured by taking the failure of
products and other complex securities issues.
Delivery metrics that include the completion time of projects,
satisfaction of customers, the cost of the project and the period
to fix the bugs and faults in the completed project.
Organizational metrics: the management needs to take reviews
from their employees, the employees who left the jobs, the
reasons for leaving, setting the targets and comparing the
results with the expectations.
Financial metrics: the cost of budget, the profit achieved by
doing projects, the employees' salaries, the resource costs, the

11. maintenance cost of infrastructures and other machinery, and
other costs and expenses incurred in a year are used to assess
the financial condition of the organization. These metrics help
the management to know the health status of the firm and
improve the business strategies and objectives. With these
metrics, organizations get to weakness and strengths of a
company that has to be improved.
Reference:Ronan, B., Ronan, B., & IDG Contributor Network.
(2015, August 3). 12 critical metrics for IT success. Retrieved
from https://www.cio.com/article/2955777/12-critical-metrics-
for-it-success.html.