2. Aquatic Recovery HydroWorx Summit Stephen A. Black, DSc, PT, ATC/L, NSCA-CPT Associate Professor Physical Therapy / Human Performance Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers, FL
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6. Injury Reduction Prior to 2010 season Avg. 4 ACL’s / season Avg. 4-8 groin/adductor injuries Avg. 6-8 inversion ankle sprains Avg. 1-2 Achilles injuries Avg. 3-5 Tibial stress reaction injuries Avg. 4-8 misc. injuries 2010 -2011 Season 1 ACL tear 2 LE stress injuries (no loss of play time)
8. Predictions don’t work! VO 2 assessment offers the advantage of objective measure where incremental workloads can be adjusted / analyzed to determine key markers on an individual basis… NOT AN ESTIMATE OR AVERAGE! Crouse, S Texas A&M
12. SV vs. HR in Aquatic Activity ultimately it’s all about cardiac output (Q) on a consistent basis. Decreased HR in aquatic environment HR reduction due to SV facilitated by hydrostatic pressure 2 fold benefit Increased SV Facilitated systemic “flush” via compressive forces of progressive immersion. Aquatic HR formula HRmax in H 2 0 = HRmax on land - FC Graef / Kruel , 2005
European Journal of Applied Physiology SV increased due to venous return – increased pre – load facilitates efficiency of left ventricle Change in bradycardia (FC) relative to temp, depth, position of subject in pool – optimal would be to assess in pool environment.
Diving Reflex – when cold water touches facial receptors primarily in nasal cavity – stimulate trigeminal nerve – stimulates bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction Water Temp – FINA = 26*C
Pascal’s law – pressure is equal but varies according to depth Archimedes Principle – buoyancy = equal to the weight of the displaced fluid Ruffini – vibration / stretch Pacinian – pressure GTO - tension
