1) The study investigated the effects of three different strength training regimes on knee extensor and flexor strength in elite soccer players. 2) Only the high resistance training (4 sets, 8 reps at 8RM) induced increases in isokinetic muscle strength. 3) Concentric strength gains occurred at the training velocity, while eccentric strength gains occurred across all velocities tested. 4) The high resistance training augmented the capacity of the hamstrings to provide knee stability during fast extension.

1. Author: P. Aagaard., E. B. Simonsen., M. Trolle., J. Bangsbo. and K. Klausen
Year: 1996
Title: Specificity of training velocity and training load on gains in isokinetic knee joint strength
Journal: Acta Physiol Scand
Keywords: Adult, Exercise/*physiology, Humans, Knee Joint/*physiology, Male, Muscle,
Skeletal/*physiology, Physical Fitness, Psychomotor Performance, Tendons/physiology
Abstract: The present study investigated the effects of three different strength training regimes on the
isokinetic strength profile of the knee extensors (quadriceps, Q) and flexors (hamstrings, H) and if
increases in isokinetic strength were accompanied by an enhanced performance during a more complex
leg movement, the soccer kick. Twenty-two elite soccer players performed 12 weeks of strength training
(three times per week) at either high resistance (HR group: 4 sets, 8 reps, 8RM loading), low resistance
(LR group: 4 sets, 24 reps, 24RM loading), loaded kicking movements (LK group: 4 sets, 16 reps, 16RM
loading) while one group served as controls (CO group). Isokinetic concentric and eccentric moment of
force was obtained (KinCom) as peak moment (Mpeak) and moment at 50 degrees knee flexion (M50) at
angular velocities of 30, 120, 240 degrees s-1. Isokinetic knee joint strength was unchanged in groups LR,
LK, CO. However, after the HR strength training, concentric Mpeak (+/- SD) increased (P < 0.01) at 30
degrees s-1 (Q, 258 +/- 37 to 297 +/- 57 Nm; H, 122 +/- 22 to 140 +/- 21 Nm). Furthermore, eccentric
Mpeak increased at 30, 120 and 240 degrees s-1 (Q, 274 +/- 60 to 345 +/- 57 Nm (P < 0.01), 291 +/- 56 to
309 +/- 49 Nm and 275 +/- 43 to 293 +/- 36 Nm (P < 0.05), respectively; H, 143 +/- 32 to 158 +/- 25 Nm,
152 +/- 39 to 169 +/- 31 Nm and 148 +/- 27 to 163 +/- 19 Nm (P < 0.05)). Corresponding increases (P <
0.05) were observed for M50. The H/Q ratio calculated as eccentric hamstring strength divided by
concentric quadriceps strength (Hecc/Qcon, representative for knee extension) at 240 degrees s-1
increased (P < 0.05) from 107 to 118% (based on Mpeak) and from 90 to 105% (M50). Kicking
performance estimated by maximal ball flight velocity was unaffected by any of the strength training
regimes investigated. In conclusion, only heavy-resistance strength training induced increases in
isokinetic muscle strength in the absence of learning effects. Concentric strength gains were observed at
the actual velocity of training, while eccentric strength gains were found over the entire range of
velocities examined. The capacity of the hamstring muscles for providing stability to the knee joint
during fast extension was augmented as a result of the heavy-resistance strength training. Strength
training should be integrated with other types of training involving the actual movement pattern in
order to increase the performance within more complex movement patterns.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8868268
Author Address: Department of Exercise Physiology TTA-2001, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital,
Copenhagen, Denmark.
Autor/ P. Aagaard, E. B. Simonsen, M. Trolle, J. Bangsbo and K. Klausen
Fecha/1996
Edad

2. Talla
Peso promedio
Mujer-hombres / Hombres (n=22)
País /Dinamarca
Categoría de liga/ elite
Con Grupo control
Aagaard, P., E. B. Simonsen, et al. (1996). "Specificity of training velocity and training load on gains in
isokinetic knee joint strength." Acta Physiol Scand 156(2): 123-129.