Senior High School

1. Class Demonstration
Reading & Writing Skills
Prepared by:
MARYFLOR J. VILLAHERMOSA
In-Service Training

2. The learner realizes that information in a
written text may be selected and
organized to achieve a particular purpose.
Content Standard

3. The learner critiques a chosen sample of
each pattern of development focusing on
information selection, organization, and
development.
Performance
Standard

4. Compare and contrast patterns of written
texts across disciplines
Most Essential
Learning
Competencies

5. Objectives:
Knowledge Identify the comparison and contrast
mode of paragraph development
and its transition signals;
Skills Write a short paragraph using the
comparison and contrast mode of
paragraph development and its
transition signals; and
Attitude Show interest in accomplishing
various tasks.

8. Read the paragraph below.
Oceans and lakes have much in common, but they
are also quite different. Both are bodies of water, but oceans
are very large bodies of salt water, while lakes are much
smaller bodies of fresh water. Lakes are usually surrounded by
land, while oceans are surrounded by continents. Both have
plants and animals living in them. The ocean is home to the
largest animals on the planet, whereas lakes support much
smaller forms of life. When it is time for a vacation, both will
make a great place to visit and enjoy.

9. What is the paragraph all about?
What objects are being compared in the text?
How are the two objects differ from each other?
Which do you prefer, oceans or lakes? Why?
Look at the underlined words. How do they function in the
paragraph?

10. COMPARISON AND
CONTRAST MODE OF
PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT
and its Transition Signals

11. Comparison and Contrast is a text structure or pattern of
organization where the similarities and differences of two or more
things are explored.
A comparison and contrast pattern organizes ideas based on
how the events, places, people, things, and concepts are similar to
or different from one another.
To compare is to examine how things are similar, while to
contrast is to see how they differ.

12. A comparison-contrast paragraph has three main parts:
The topic sentence introduces two subjects and says
something about them.
The body sentences give details about how the two
subjects are alike and different.
The ending sentence sums up how the subjects are the
same or different.

14. There are two ways on how ideas can be arranged:
a. Separately, which involves describing one item first followed
by the second item, or
b. Side- by-side, which means discussing both items based on
each point of comparison.

15. Transitional devices are words or phrases that help carry a
thought from one sentence to another, from one idea to another, or
from one paragraph to another.
Transitional devices are like bridges between parts of your paper.
They are cues that help the reader to interpret ideas a paper develops.
Transitional devices link sentences and paragraphs together smoothly
so that there are no abrupt jumps or breaks between ideas.

16. TRANSITIONAL SIGNALS
Comparison
• and
• also
• in addition
• as well as
• likewise
• both
• each
• like
• too
Contrast
• although
• whereas
• but
• however
• on the other
hand
• in contrast
• while
• yet
• unlike

17. Group Activity
• a. list down the signal words used;
• b. compare and contrast the selections below
using a Venn diagram; and
• c. tell what way it is being arranged

18. Venn Diagram

19. What do you mean by comparison and contrast mode of
paragraph pattern?
What are the ways on how ideas can be arranged?
Can you give me examples of transition signals in
comparison?
Can you give me examples of transition signals in contrast?

20. Evaluation
• Write a paragraph of at least ten sentences
comparing today’s modular learning delivery vs.
face-to-face classes. Use your activity notebook.
Your answer will be rated based on the rubric

21. Rubrics