2. TRAFALGAR SQUARE
• Trafalgar Square is a public space and tourist attraction in central London,
England, United Kingdom. At its centre is Nelson's Column, which is guarded by
four lion statues at its base. There are a number of statues and sculptures in the
square, with one plinth displaying changing pieces of contemporary art. The
square is also used for political demonstrations and community gatherings, such
as the celebration of New Year's Eve.
• The name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar (1805), a British naval victory of
the Napoleonic Wars. The original name was to have been "King William the
Fourth's Square", but George Ledwell Taylor suggested the name "Trafalgar
Square".
• In the 1820s the Prince Regent engaged the architect John Nash to redevelop the
area. Nash cleared the square as part of his Charing Cross Improvement Scheme.
The present architecture of the square is due to Sir Charles Barry and was
completed in 1845.
• Trafalgar Square is owned by the Queen in Right of the Crown, and managed by
the Greater London Authority, while Westminster City Council owns the roads
around the square, including the pedestrianised area of the North Terrace.

3. BRIDGE TOWER
• Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in
London, England, over the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of
London, from which it takes its name. It has become an iconic
symbol of London.
• The bridge consists of two towers tied together at the upper level
by means of two horizontal walkways, designed to withstand the
horizontal forces exerted by the suspended sections of the bridge
on the landward sides of the towers. The vertical component of
the forces in the suspended sections and the vertical reactions of
the two walkways are carried by the two robust towers. The
bascule pivots and operating machinery are housed in the base of
each tower. The bridge's present colour scheme dates from 1977,
when it was painted red, white and blue for the Queen's Silver
Jubilee. Originally it was painted a chocolate brown colour.
• Tower Bridge is sometimes mistakenly referred to as London
Bridge,which is the next bridge upstream.

4. BRITISH MUSEUM
• The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which
number more than seven million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the
world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture
from its beginnings to the present.
• The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and
scientist Sir Hans Sloane. The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in Montagu
House in Bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. Its expansion over the
following two and a half centuries was largely a result of an expanding British colonial footprint
and has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions, the first being the British Museum
(Natural History) in South Kensington in 1887. Some objects in the collection, most notably the
Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon, are the objects of intense controversy and of calls for
restitution to their countries of origin.
• Until 1997, when the British Library (previously centred on the Round Reading Room) moved to a
new site, the British Museum was unique in that it housed both a national museum of antiquities
and a national library in the same building. The museum is a non-departmental public body
sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, and as with all other national
museums in the United Kingdom it charges no admission fee. Since 2002 the director of the
museum has been Neil MacGregor.

5. LONDON EYE
• The EDF Energy London Eye (commonly the London Eye, or Millennium Wheel,
formerly the Merlin Entertainments London Eye and before that, the British
Airways London Eye) is a 135-metre (443 ft) tall giant Ferris wheel situated on the
banks of the River Thames, in London, England. Since 20 January 2011, it has been
officially known as the EDF Energy London Eye following a three-year sponsorship
deal.
• It is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe, and the most popular paid tourist attraction
in the United Kingdom, visited by over 3.5 million people annually.[3] When erected
in 1999, it was the tallest Ferris wheel in the world, until surpassed first by the
160 m (520 ft) Star of Nanchang in 2006, and then the 165 m (541 ft) Singapore
Flyer in 2008. It is still described by its operators as "the world's tallest cantilevered
observation wheel" (as the wheel is supported by an A-frame on one side only,
unlike the Nanchang and Singapore wheels).[4]
• The London Eye is located at the western end of Jubilee Gardens, on the South
Bank of the River Thames in the London Borough of Lambeth, between
Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Bridge. The site is adjacent to that of the
former Dome of Discovery, which was built for the Festival of Britain in 1951.

6. PALACE OF WESTMINSTER
• The Palace of Westminster, also known as the Houses of Parliament or Westminster Palace, is the meeting place of the
two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom—the House of Lords and the House of Commons. It lies on the
north bank of the River Thames in the heart of the London borough of the City of Westminster, close to the historic
Westminster Abbey and the government buildings of Whitehall and Downing Street. The name may refer to either of two
structures: the Old Palace, a medieval building complex most of which was destroyed in 1834, and its replacement New
Palace that stands today; it has retained its original style and status as a royal residence for ceremonial purposes.
• The first royal palace was built on the site in the eleventh century, and Westminster was the primary London residence of
the Kings of England until a fire destroyed much of the complex in 1512. After that, it served as the home of Parliament,
which had been meeting there since the thirteenth century, and the seat of the Royal Courts of Justice, based in and
around Westminster Hall. In 1834, an even greater fire ravaged the heavily rebuilt Houses of Parliament, and the only
structures of significance to survive were Westminster Hall, the Cloisters of St Stephen's, the Chapel of St Mary
Undercroft and the Jewel Tower.
• The subsequent competition for the reconstruction of the Palace was won by architect Charles Barry and his design for a
building in the Perpendicular Gothic style. The remains of the Old Palace (with the exception of the detached Jewel
Tower) were incorporated in its much larger replacement, which contains over 1,100 rooms organised symmetrically
around two series of courtyards. Part of the New Palace's area of 3.24 hectares (8 acres) was reclaimed from the Thames,
which is the setting of its principal façade, the 266-metre (873 ft) river front. Barry was assisted by Augustus W. N. Pugin,
a leading authority on Gothic architecture and style, who provided designs for the decoration and furnishings of the
Palace. Construction started in 1840 and lasted for thirty years, suffering great delays and cost overruns, as well as the
death of both leading architects; works for the interior decoration continued intermittently well into the twentieth
century. Major conservation work has been carried out since, due to the effects of London's air pollution, and extensive
repairs took place after the Second World War, including the reconstruction of the Commons Chamber following its
bombing in 1941.
• The Palace is one of the centres of political life in the United Kingdom; "Westminster" has become a metonym for the UK
Parliament, and the Westminster system of government has taken its name after it. Its Clock Tower, in particular, which
has become known as "Big Ben" after its main bell, is an iconic landmark of London and the United Kingdom in general,
one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city and an emblem of parliamentary democracy. The Palace of
Westminster has been a Grade I listed building since 1970 and part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987.