The document discusses several common eye conditions - blepharitis, hordeolum, chalazion, ectropion, and entropion. It provides details on the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of each condition. Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory reaction of the eyelid margin that can be staphylococcal or seborrheic in nature. Hordeolum is an acute suppurative infection of the eyelid glands caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Chalazion is a non-infective inflammation of the meibomian gland, presenting as a painless eyelid lump. Ectropion involves inward rolling of the eyelid

1. Mr. Manikandan.T,
RN., RM., M.Sc(N)., D.C.A .,(Ph.D)
Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing,
VMCON, Puducherry.

2. INTRODUCTION
• Inflammation & infection of eye structures are
common which are leading cause of blindness.
Common infection conditions are:
• Hordeolum
• Chalazion
• Blepharitis
• Ectropion
• Entropion

3. BLEPHARITIS
• Chronic inflammatory reaction of eyelid
margin.

4. TYPES
• Staphylococcal: ulcerative & more serious due
to involvement of base of hair follicles.
Permanent scarring can result.
• Seborrheic : its chronic & usually resistant to
treatment.

5. Causes
• Dandruff
• Bacterial infection
• Malfunctioning of oil glands
• Allergy : medication, contact lens solution, eye
makeup, lice

6. Clinical features
• Watery eyes
• Sore eyes – burning & itching
• Redness
• Photophobia
• Irritation

7. DIAGNOSIS
• H.C
• P/E
• Slip lamp
• Culture

8. MANAGEMENT
• Lid hygiene
• Warm compress
• Lid massage
• Antibiotic – chloramphenicol ointment
• Systemic antibiotics – tetracycline, doxycycline

9. • Acute suppurative infection of the glands of
the eyelids caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
The lid is red and edematous with a small
collection of pus in the form of an abscess.
• Red painful lump near the edge of the eye lid
that may look like a pimple.

10. Causes
• Seborrhea : excessive oily discharge from
glands
• Improper / incomplete removal of eye lid
make up
• Use of outdated cosmetics
• Poor eyelid hygiene
• Inflammatory disease of eye lids
• Stress

11. Clinical features
• Eye pain
• A lump on eye lid
• Blurry vision
• Eye tearing
• Redness / soreness in eye lid
• Light sensitivity
• Swollen eyelid
• Photophobia

12. DIAGNOSIS
• H.C
• P/E
• Slip lamp
• X-ray

13. MANAGEMENT
• Hot compress
• Systemic antibiotics
• I&D
• Topical antibiotics
• Analgesics

14. • Chronic non infective (Non suppurative)
lipogranulomatous inflammation of the
meibomian gland.
• A slow growing, inflammatory lump in the tear
gland of eye lid (lip lumps)

15. Causes
• Blockage in meibomian gland of eye lid

16. Clinical features
• Painless lump
• Swelling
• Blurring
• Watering (epiphora)

17. Diagnosis
• H.C
• P/E
• X-Ray
• Biopsy

18. Management
• Warm compress
• Topical antibiotic eye drops
• Oral anti inflammatory drug
• Intra lesional injection of long acting steroid (triamcinolone)
• Incision & curettage: small cut is made underside the eyelid.
Inflammatory debris is removed from cyst and cavity is
cleaned. Antibiotic ointment applied and eye is padded for 24
hours.
• Diathermy : use of heat
• Eye hygiene

19. • Inward rolling and rotation of lid margin

20. Causes
• Membraneous conjunctivitis
• Chemical burns
• Vertical lid instability
• Weakening of orbicularis muscle.

21. Clinical features
• Irritation
• Lacrimation
• Photophobia
• Inturning of lid margin

22. Management
• Excision of strip of skin and muscle with plastic
reconstruction of lid crease
• Anterior lamellar resection
• Posterior lamellar graft : keratinized
conjunctiva, scarred tarsus are replaced by
posterior lamellar graft

23. • Out rolling or outward turning of lid margin

24. Causes
• Muscle weakness
• Scar
• Eye infection
• Inflammation
• Genetic
• Facial paralysis

25. TYPES
• Congenital : may occur both upper and lower lid. It is due to
congenital shortage of skin
• Involutional : occurs due to age related changes.
• Cicatricial: occurs due to thermal burns, chemical burns
• Paralytic : because of facial nerve palsy, head injury
• Mechanical: occurs the lower lid pulled down or pushed out
and down due to tumor

26. Symptoms
• Watery eyes
• Excessive dryness
• Irritation
• Sensitive to light
• Photophobia

27. Management
• Congenital / cicatricial : lid tightening and skin
graft
• Involutional :
medical conjunctivoplasty – excising spindle
shaped piece of conjunctiva
lid tightening
byron smiths modified kuhnt – szymanowski
operation: excision of lateral 3rd of eyelid with
triangular excision of skin from area lateral to
lateral canthus