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Nuclear energy: harnessing atomic power
- 2. •The science of atomic radiation, atomic change and nuclear fission was developed from 1895 to 1945. •Over 1939-45, most development was focused on the atomic bomb. •From 1945 attention was given to harnessing this energy in a controlled fashion for naval propulsion and for making electricity. •Since 1956 the prime focus has been on the technological evolution of reliable nuclear power plants.
- 3. First Electricity production from nuclear was in 20/ Dec/ 1951 USA. First commercial use was in 26/June / 1954 Russia. In 2011, about 15 percent of the world's electricity is generated by nuclear power plants. 2021 442 Nuclear power station unite in 31 countries produce electricity more than 385 GW. Biggest country having nuclear material and reactors ( united states , Russia and Japan).
- 4. What is a nuclear: what exactly is an atom? They’re the tiny particles that make up every object in the universe – including uranium, the substance used to generate nuclear power. what’s uranium? Named after our smallest planet in the solar system, uranium is a metallic substance drawn from raw deposits of a rock called uraninite. After refinement, we get pure uranium – a chemical with some pretty powerful abilities to generate energy. Nuclear fission then breaks down its tiny particles, to release the energy inside. How it work: A traditional plant burns coal, oil or natural gas, using them to boil water into steam. The steam turns turbines, which drive a generator and make electricity. Nuclear power plants follow the same process, but they don’t burn anything. Instead, they use nuclear fission to split uranium atoms inside a nuclear reactor. The energy released by this reaction heats the water, which creates steam – and then In a nuclear reactor, a neutron is absorbed into a nucleus (typically uranium-235). This causes the nucleus to become uranium-236, which is violently unstable.
- 5. How is the splits:
- 7. • The most important aspect of nuclear technology is the large amount of energy involved in nuclear changes, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, radiation effects etc. • Thus, the energy concept is very important before we start to explore nuclear science.
- 8. Potential Environmental Issue Nuclear Waste Production The risk of accidents releasing radioactive substances
- 9. 3 main types of nuclear waste This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
- 10. Fukushima Disaster This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
- 11. Environmental Future of Nuclear Energy Not certain Risky compared with other energy source Need few decade to clear up
- 12. Thank You
Editor's Notes
- The issue of nuclear waste – which comes from the processing of uranium and, ultimately, the demolition of nuclear power plant facilities. The risk of accidents releasing radioactive substances into the environment. Accidents are uncommon – but, for some, it’s still too risky.
- To understand the potential impact of nuclear waste on the environment, let’s look at the 3 main types (i) this comes from places like hospitals, universities and research centres. In fact, it’s made wherever radioactive materials are used for x-rays and sterilising equipment, as well as in the nuclear industry. It isn’t considered high-risk. (ii) Above the upper limit of radioactivity for low-level waste, one example is the insulation and cladding used in nuclear facilities. It’s usually buried in shallow trenches in the area around a nuclear facility. (iii) this means a wide range of radioactive and unstable compounds. This type of nuclear waste – such as liquid waste from the process of reprocessing spent fuel – can give off radiation for thousands of years. As you’d expect, this type poses the greatest risk, so it needs to be disposed of very carefully. In the UK, this usually happens in a Geological Disposal Facility, where waste is buried deep underground. The issue of nuclear waste – which comes from the processing of uranium and, ultimately, the demolition of nuclear power plant facilities.
- Lots of ordinary things give off radiation, but nuclear radiation can be highly dangerous – it’s a risk to human health, and can change the way cells in the body behave. On 11 March 2011 the earthquake struck east of the city of Sendai. Systems at the nuclear plant detected the earthquake and automatically shut down the nuclear reactors. Emergency diesel generators turned on to keep coolant pumping around the cores, which remain incredibly hot even after reactions stop. But soon after a wave over 14 metres (46ft) high hit Fukushima. The water overwhelmed the defensive sea wall, flooding the plant and knocking out the emergency generators. There were no deaths immediately during the nuclear disaster. Overall almost half-a-million people were forced to leave their homes as a result of the earthquake, tsunami and nuclear accident. Tens of thousands of workers will be needed over the next 30 to 40 years to safely remove nuclear waste.