Simulation was used to estimate the empirical probability that elephants born today will have a genetic defect that causes severe arthritis by their 14th year of life. What statement is true about the situation? 1. simulations cannot be used to estimate empirical probability 2. simulations require that one know the exact theoretical probability 3. simulations can only be used to estimate the empirical probability of very rare events 4. simulations are appropriate when the expense or time to observe an event is large Solution 2. simulations require that one know the exact theoretical probability.