22. Bioenergy http://www.repp.org/bioenergy/link1.htm Carbon market/trading Biomass market Roundwoods, fuelwoods, chipps, wood residue……. Mkt of wood products and wood waste……. Municipal waste …. Market of Agri-biomass energy Energy market ….
23. Categorization of bioenergy Fuel crops Agricultural by-products Animal by-products Agro industrial by-products Municipal by-products AGRI ENERGY Direct fuel woods Indirect fuel woods Recovered fuel woods Solid : fuel wood (wood in the rough, chips, saw dust, pallets), charcoal Liquid : black liquor, methanol, Pyrolitic oil, Biodiesel, Gas : products from gasification and pyrolysis gases of above fuels Production, Supply Common groups User side, demand with examples MUNICIPAL BY-PRODUCTS WOOD ENERGY Solid : straw, stalks, husks, bagasse, charcoal from agricrops Liquid : ethanol, raw vegetable oil, oil diester, methanol, pyrolitic oil Gas : biogas, producer gas, pyrolisis gases from agro fuels Solid : municipal solid waste (MSW) Liquid : sewage, pyrolysis of MSW Gas: landfill gas, sludge gas Source: FAO 2004
24. Bioenergy application routs and market CONVERSION RESOURCE PRODUCT MARKET Solid biomass (wood, straw) Wet biomass (organic waste, manure) Starch plants (sugar, cereals) Oil crops (rap seed, sunflower) Combustion Gasification Pyrolysis Digestion Hydrolysis + Fomentation Extraction + Esterification Heat Fuel gas Biodesel Bio oil Biogas Bioethanol Heat/CHP Chemicals Transportation fuel Electricity …….market exists any stages of this application route …..
25. Heat plant Heat plant Heat & Power plant Where forest energy can be used ? Large and medium scale use Combined heat and power (CHP) production. District heating Heat source of industrial processes Heat source of offices, hospitals, hotels etc. Read more about district heating: http://www.iea-dhc.org http:// www.euroheat.org
26. Where forest energy can be used ? Small scale use Farms etc. Detached houses As an accompanied heat source with oil or electricity producing ”warm feelings” Power plant
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Editor's Notes
In many countries, the lack of suitable infrastructure restricts the use of forest energy. Wood is the most suitable to heat production. Delivery of heat requires, for example, district heating networks. They are quite common in Scandinavia and Russia, but very rare, for example, in UK and central Europe. Advantages of them are realised nowadays also elsewhere and use of district heating and cooling is enlargening.
In Finland, all using places with the efficiency smaller than 1 MW are considered as a small scale use. In detached houses, ordinary central heating enables wood burning boiler. Nowadays old oil boilers are often changed to chip or pellet boilers. Using of chopped firewood is also increasing. Nowadays fireplaces produce both heat and nice ”athmosphere” .
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