Questioning Skills for the Classroom
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a presentation to equip teachers with questioning skills
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Questioning Skills for the Classroom
- 2. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? What AreWe Going to Learn? ? Why do we ask questions? ? What are good questioning skills? ? How effective are our questioning skills? ? What are various types of questions? ? How to acquire good questioning skills? nagaRAJU
- 3. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? “If I had an hour to solve a problem and my life depended on the answer, I would spend the first 55 minutes figuring out the proper questions to ask. For if I knew the proper questions, I could solve the problem in less than 5 minutes.” nagaRAJU Why Do We Ask Questions?
- 4. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????nagaRAJU Why Do We Ask Questions? Every other Jewish mother in Brooklyn would ask her child after school: “So? Did you learn anything today?” But not my mother. She asked “Izzy, did you ask a good question today?” That difference — asking good questions — made me become a scientist. - Nobel laureate Isidor Isaac Rabi
- 5. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????nagaRAJU Why Do We Ask Questions? to create clarity to diagnose difficulties to continue dialogue to evaluate performance to achieve success to create agreement to inspire confidence to increase competence to empower students to spark ideas, solutions to expand vision to fuel Analytical thinking Critical thinking Reflective thinking Creative thinking
- 6. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Knowledge (who, what, whom, where, why, how) Comprehension (retell) Analysis (What are the parts of.... ? features of....?Classify according to....) Application (How is.... an example of....? How is.... related to.....?Why is.... significant....?) Synthesis (What would infer from?What ideas can you add to? How would you design a new....?What would happen if you combine...?) Evaluation (Do you agree that...?What do you think about...?What is the most important.....? Place these in order of priority. How would you decide about...?What criteria do you need to use to assess....?) nagaRAJU Why Do We Ask Questions?
- 7. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? = Knowing the answers? Asking questions? ? Teacher asking students? Empowering students to ask? ??? ??? Asking many little questions? ? Asking one BIG question? nagaRAJU Which is More Important? Thinking is not driven by answers, but by questions. - Socrates
- 8. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Fill it like a vessel? Ignite it like a fire? nagaRAJU How to Handle a Student’s Mind? Who ask intelligent, sensible questions?
- 9. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Do you begin, continue & close with questions use simple, precise language? ask open-ended questions? involve all students, planTPS? acknowledge all responses? avoid being judgmental? paraphrase / rephrase correct answers? encourage student questions? nagaRAJU What are Good Questioning Skills?
- 10. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? What kind of questions can be answered instantly? What kind of questions need much longer to answer? What kind of questions need a whole life time to answer? Why should a teacher know this difference? nagaRAJU DoYou Allow WaitTime?
- 11. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????nagaRAJU DoYou Use Precise Language? May I …………..? May I …………..?
- 12. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????nagaRAJU CanYou Ask Good Questions? 1. Since this morning. 2. I was getting ready. 3. She can't be at home. 4. Has just gone to school. 5. A coffee, please. 6. Raju is teaching grammar at the moment. 7. I think it’s just another masala movie. 8. I usually get up at 7 o'clock. 9. No, he is single. 10. It’s interesting.
- 13. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Be open minded Ask only relevant, useful, specific questions Ask logical, informed questions Don’t embarrass Don’t be aggressive Don’t be argumentative Don’t interrupt, learn to listen Don’t ramble, avoid hyperbole nagaRAJU What are Questioning Manners?
- 14. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? •Wh- words •Which? or What? •Helping verbs •QuestionTags •Inversion •Intonation •Questions in the negative nagaRAJU How to Ask Questions?
- 15. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Yes / No Information Closed ended Open ended Teacher initiated Student initiated Factual Inferential / Hypothetical Objective / Impersonal Subjective / Experiential Clarification Provocative Rhetorical Leading Direct Indirect Essential, Empowering, Unanswerable, Selection, Problem- solving, Identification, Tag, Convergent, Divergent nagaRAJU What are theTypes of Questions?
- 16. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Superficial understanding Deep comprehension Closed ended Open ended Recalling skills Evaluation skills Answers in the text Reading beyond Descriptive answers Critical interpretation Paraphrasing skills Interpretative skills Factual Experiential, creative nagaRAJU What are LOT / HOT Questions?
- 17. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? •Form pairs •Partners ask each other Who is your favourite friend? •Partners ask many more subsidiary questions •Class share nagaRAJU Activity
- 18. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Universally relevant Significant to our lives Touch our heart and soul Probe profound issues Promote search for truth Lead to further investigation May take a very long time to answer Engage in real-life problem solving nagaRAJU What Are Essential Questions
- 19. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? Are you saying that…. ? Do you mean that …. ? Can you be more specific? What do you really mean? Are you claiming that …. ? Can you clarify that? Can you give an example? What does that mean? Why do you think so? How did you reach that conclusion? To what extent, does that apply here? nagaRAJU How to Ask Clarifying Questions?
- 20. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????nagaRAJU How toTeach Classroom Questions? What does the word _____ mean? What is the English word for ______? What's the meaning of ____ inTelugu? How do you say ____ in English? How do you spell the word _____ ? How do you pronounce the word ___ ?
- 21. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? •What do you think? •Why do you think that? •How do you know that? •Can you tell me more? •What questions do you still have? nagaRAJU What are Some Powerful Questions?
- 22. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? • Never ask just for the sake of it • Ask only if you are prepared to listen and respond • Avoid big words • Avoid intimidating • Involve the audience (do you think that?, have you considered?) • Go narrow first, then broaden • Follow up with ‘why’ or ‘how’ • Accept “I don’t know” as an answer • What could be a next good tip? nagaRAJU How to Ask Better Questions?
- 24. ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????nagaRAJU Send your comments to lionnagaraju@gmail.com This slideshow is available at www.authorstream.com/tag/lionnagaraju www.slideshare.net/lionnagaraju Thank you
Editor's Notes
- In a traditional classroom, the teacher is the center of attention, the owner of knowledge and information. Teachers often ask questions of their students to gauge comprehension, but it’s a passive model that relies on students to absorb information they need to reproduce on tests. What would happen if the roles were flipped and students asked the questions? Coming up with the right question involves vigorously thinking through the problem, investigating it from various angles, turning closed questions into open-ended ones and prioritizing which are the most important questions to get at the heart of the matter. There are three outcomes. One is that students are more engaged. Second, they take more ownership, which for teachers is a huge thing. And the third outcome is they learn more – we see better quality work.
- How do we learn? What are some quick and practical tips for asking effective questions?
- “Ask and you shall receive,” says the Bible. Ask, and every human being has been conditioned to do what they are asked to do, say the psychologists. Even your mother won’t give you anything, unless you ask. Ask, and according to the law of averages, you’ll get Enough “yes's” to guarantee your success, say the sales managers. Asking is the quickest, easiest and surest ways to get people to do what you want them to do. Good questions help the person you are asking. Asking intelligent questions causes people to think profoundly. Leading to the emergence of new ideas, new answers and new possibilities.
- When you are answering questions, you may be on the highway, but someone else is doing the driving. Powerful questions - Smart Questions , Essential Questions, are the foundation for Information Power , Engaged Learning and Information Literacy. Every intellectual field is born out of a cluster of questions to which answers are either needed or highly desirable Questions define tasks, express problems and delineate issues. Answers signal full stop in thought. Only when an answer generates a further question does thought continue its life The quality of the questions students ask determines the quality of the thinking they are doing. No questions = no understanding Superficial questions = superficial understanding
- The greatest novels, the greatest plays, the greatest songs and the greatest paintings all explore essential questions in some manner
- Two monks, both heavy smokers, were unable to stop smoking during prayers. To solve this dilemma, they each wrote a letter to the Pope and asked for his ruling. Three weeks later they found, to their surprise, that the Pope had given only one of them permission to smoke. On comparing their letters, they found the explanation. The first monk had asked, “May I smoke during prayers?” and the answer was, “No.” The second monk, however, had framed his question differently: “May I pray while I am smoking?” Questions should be worded carefully. Otherwise, they can backfire.
- Indirect Questions: More formal and more polite - Do you know...; I wonder / was wondering if ....; Can you tell me...; I'm not sure...; I don't know...) 1. Convergent questions: What, where, who, and when questions get a person to clarify the specifics of what he or she is thinking. Converging questions can be important when time is of the essence or you are dealing with someone who is theoretical. 2. Divergent or expansive questions: Why and what if questions ask a person to expand on what he or she is thinking. Divergent questions can be important when you need someone to see the larger context of a position. 3. Integrating questions: If…then what questions demonstrate an attempt to find common ground between opposing positions. This builds trust and encourages compromise, which is important in situations where the stakes are high for both sides.
- Children have a genuine reason to complain why they are expected to know answers to all questions while their own questions are discouraged.
- What do you think? Instead of Do you think this or that?