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Rubella
- 1. WELCOME LEKSHMI.P LECTURER COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING DEPT LISIE COLLEGE OF NURSING COCHIN, KERALA
- 4. Rubella, commonly known as German measles, is a disease caused by the rubella virus.
- 5. Its mainly occurring in late winter season
- 6. MEASLES AND RUBELLA • Measles and rubella are two communicabe diseases. • Measles are more communicable than rubella.
- 7. Rubella can affect anyone of any age and is generally a mild disease, rare in infants or those over the age of 40. It can mostly affect the age group of 3-10 years
- 8. CAUSATIVE FACTOR The disease is caused by Rubella virus
- 9. Mode of transmission The virus is transmitted by the respiratory route.
- 11. The disease can last one to three days. Children recover more quickly than adults.
- 12. Signs and symptoms The primary symptom of rubella virus infection include Prodromal stage (low grade fever, coryza, sore throat )
- 13. Other main symptoms are Swollen glands (post cervical lymphadenopathy), arthralgia are other symptoms occuring.
- 14. The appearance of a RASH is the peculiar sign. It appears on back of the ear then spreads to the trunk and limbs and usually fades after three days. Rashes disappears by 15 days.
- 15. Diagnosis Rubella infection is diagnosed by blood test (serology) and sputum test(virus isolation)
- 16. Rubella Prevention Rubella infections are prevented by active immunization programs using live, disabled virus vaccines (R-Vac).
- 18. The main aim of rubella immunization is the prevention of rubella infection during a future pregnancy.
- 19. The Health Department has implemented rubella vaccination in a campaign mode, targeting girls from classes VIII to XII (13-17 years). Its administering in schools for 9th standard students by health workers according to current scenario.
- 20. The massive administration of rubella vaccine is conducted in the schools by the health workers
- 21. The virus is capable of crossing the placenta and infecting the fetus where it stops cells from developing or destroys them during pregnancy.
- 22. Infection of the mother by Rubella virus during pregnancy can be serious; if the mother is infected within the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.
- 23. • The child may be born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which entails a range of serious incurable illnesses. • Spontaneous abortion occurs in up to 20% of cases.
- 24. CONGENITAL RUBELLA SYNDROME (CRS)
- 25. Rubella can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the newly born. The syndrome (CRS) follows intrauterine infection by Rubella virus and comprises congenital anomalies.
- 26. The congenital anomalies includes cardiac anomalies, blindness and mental retardation.
- 27. It may also cause prematurity, low birth weight, and neonatal thrombocytopenia, anemia and hepatitis. The risk of major defects or organogenesis is highest for infection in
- 28. If the baby survives the infection, it can be born with severe heart disorders (PDA being the most common), blindness, deafness, or other life threatening organ disorders. The skin manifestations are called "blueberry muffin
- 29. COMPLICATIONS Arthralgia may occur in several joints in adults, especially young women. Encephalitis can also occurs
- 30. Thrombocytopenic purpura and Encephalitis are the other complications.
- 31. Rubella Treatment There is no specific treatment for Rubella Only symptomatic treatment.
- 32. IN BRIEF RUBELLA IS ONE AMONG THE MOST CONTAGEOUS DISEASE WHICH IS MOST PREVENTABLE ALSO. TIMELY VACCINATION IS THE BEST WAT TO PREVENT YOUR DAUGHTER FROM GETTING RUBELLA INFECTION AND ITS FUTURE CONSEQUENCES.