Rosalind Franklin Research Papers

Rosalind Franklin Research Papers
Rosalind Elsie Franklin was a very hard–working woman in science who worked in discovering of
the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). She was born on July 25, 1920 in London, England,
and she was a chemist as well as a biologist. She helped in discovering the structure of
deoxyribonucleic acid (Vanderpool 2009). Because of her work, we can understand the component
of DNA today. Even though she was an outstanding woman in science, her works were not
recognized.
Rosalind and her family are Jewish. Her father was a banker and a college professor, and her mother
helped in raising the family and volunteering for community projects. (Vanderpool 2009). She went
to one of the best schools in London. Rosalind knew that she could do science ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
She was the best X–ray crystallographer among her colleagues, and therefore had the position to
work for a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) project, which led to a misunderstanding within Rosalind's
group (Vanderpool 2009). She worked together with her PhD student Ryan Gosling on much of the
research, but also faced many challenges because she was the only woman in the group (Vanderpool
2009). After vigorous work, she could discover the two fibers in DNA. Rosalind and Gosling
worked very hard but could not interpret their result, and this caught the attention of her colleagues.
Her colleagues published their findings about DNA having double helix, but refused to give her
proper credit for her work. After a while, Birkbeck College in London where she published many
papers. She was the author of many books relating to science. She continued her research despite of
all the challenges she faced at work and the society did little to help solved the stenotype behind
women in science.
On April 16, 1957, died of ovarian cancer (Vanderpool 2009). Four years after her death were
awarded a Nobel Prize in 1962 for discovering the formation of DNA and RNA. Rosalind was not
awarded because she had already died previously (Vanderpool 2009). However, if she was still alive
there might have been a chance that she would not have been recognized because she was a woman.
Rosalind Franklin
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The Origin Of The Word Dna And The Science World Is Well...
Introduction The acronym DNA in the science world is well known. Many would even be able to
say what it stands for: "Deoxyribonucleic Acid". What is not as well known is who discovered DNA
and what went on behind the scenes. Early life and Education Born in London on July 25, 1920 to a
well–known Jewish family, Rosalind Franklin was noted for her cleverness and outspokenness. She
was sent to St Paul's Girls' School which was known for its strict and demanding academics, which
included amongst its subjects, physics and chemistry. School friends later recalled that she was "best
in science, best at maths, best in everything." http://www.livescience.com/39804–rosalind–
franklin.html Rosalind''s father wanted her to go into the line of social work, but at age fifteen, she
had decided to become a scientist. In 1938, aged 18, she graduated from Newnham College at
Cambridge. Career leading up to major discovery Rosalind's first job (1938) was with the British
Coal Utilisation Research Association. Her work there contributed to the war effort as she did
investigations into the structures as well as uses of graphite and coal. Her discoveries were used to
develop gas masks which helped in the safety of Britain's soldiers. In return for her efforts in this
line of study, Cambridge University in 1945 conferred on her a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry.
Rosalind next worked in Paris at the Laboratoire Central with Jacques Merling honing in on the
science of X–ray

How Did Rosalind Franklin Contribute To The Structure Of Dna
Who really discovered the structure of DNA? Though there were many scientists with contributions
to understanding the structure of DNA one scientist stood out above all others; Rosalind Franklin.
Although some people believed Watson and Crick made the most contributions to the discovery of
the structure of DNA, I believe Rosalind Franklin made the most contributions. Rosalind Franklin
was the scientist who took photos of DNA to figure out its form, proved phosphates are on the
outside of DNA strands, and performed calculations on DNA to prove DNA's structure. First,
Rosalind Franklin was able to take photos of DNA that helped in the discovery of the structure of
DNA. Rosalind took photos of DNA in a dry and wet state that helped to discovered the structure of
DNA. When the DNA was dry, the strands thickened to form a sharp scatter. When the DNA was
wet the strands stretched to form a distinctive x. The dry DNA took the form of a helix which helped
her to conclude that the DNA has phosphates. When Franklin took photos of DNA it was a huge
milestone in the understanding of the structure of DNA. Without photos of DNA there would be no
evidence to prove any of the scientists theories. Franklin's photos were a major step in figuring ...
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Watson and Crick were able to figure out the pairs of nucleotides before Franklin was able to figure
it out. This made sense that the base pairs are on the inside of the strands while the outside holds
two sugar–phosphate strands. Watson and Crick, from looking at Rosalind's research, were also able
to conclude that DNA crystals could be flipped upside down and backwards, and still look the same
meaning the backbone to the structure must be identical and that they run in opposite directions. If
no one put all of the information together, we might not know everything about the structure of
DNA that we know

Polio History
Arthur C. Clarke once said, "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from
magic." Indeed, this has proven to be true. Technology has broken down barriers and has led to an
easier life, and thus has spread so widely and quickly. Technology has seen incredible growth since
ancient times; from the pyramids to the printing press to robots. The discovery of DNA and the
creation of the polio vaccine are both incredible discoveries of the 1950's that continue to impact the
world today.
In the year of 1896, a scientist named Friedrich Meiser discovered DNA. However, the actual role
and structure of DNA was still under question until Erwin Chargaff proved that adenine, thymine,
guanine, and cytosine are not equally present in DNA ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He said that during polio's peak in the 1940's, there were many precautions being taken by families,
not allowing kids to go to public places like the movie theater and avoiding soda cans (Weeks). To
help combat polio, The March of Dimes was founded to raise money for people suffering from
polio; they used posters showing pictures of children in crutches and iron lungs to help raise money
(Singer 741). The vaccine was a miracle that came to the American people, and greatly subdued
polio cases, as Morris remembers (Morris), and the numbers don't disagree either. In 1945, the total
number of reported polio cases in the United States was 13,624 and it rose to 42, 033 in 1949 ("PHI:
Incidence Rates of Poliomyelitis in US"). In 1955, the year the vaccine was declared effective and
put into use, the total cases dropped to 28, 985 then dropped to 8,425 in 1959 ("PHI: Incidence
Rates of Poliomyelitis in US"). The polio vaccine had certainly been influential since it brought
down the number of polio cases to zero by 2008 ("PHI: Incidence Rates of Poliomyelitis in US").
Everyone gets their vaccine today to prevent another outbreak, and this vaccine has spread abroad to
other nations that faced, or are facing a polio crisis. In fact, Nepal was introduced to the IPV about a
couple of years ago and Nepal was declared polio free soon after (Pokharel). If it weren't for the
creation of the vaccine, who knows how even more deadly polio would have become

The Characteristics Of Rosalind Franklin
2. To what extent did the personalities of each of the three scientists affect the way in which they did
their research? (10)
Rosalind Franklin.
Rosalind Franklin was a very independent woman, and was very stubborn. This led her to be a loner
in her scientific research. She had some close friends in Paris especially, but she did not form the
argumentative relationships and did not benefit from the constructive criticism that James Watson
and Francis Crick could. (Robinson A, 2012)
Franklin was intelligent, assertive, and directly confrontational, which made it difficult for her to
work with other scientists should they make mistakes or be slower than her in finding solutions.
This was one of the reasons why her relationship with Maurice Wilkins deteriorated at King's – she
was highly critical and he was shy and submissive. (Elkin L, 2009)
According to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How did the structure of DNA identified by Watson and Crick differ from the model previously? Do
you think Rosalind Franklin received enough acknowledgement for her work from Watson and
Crick? Give reasons for your answer. (5)
Linus Pauling proposed a structure of DNA before Watson and Crick, in 1952. He suggested that the
structure of DNA was a three chain helix, bonded with hydrogen bonds. His model had placed the
sugar and phosphate components of the nucleotide in the centre of the triple helix. He also believed
that the nitrogenous bases were facing out of the helix and not inside. (Paulingblog.wordpress.com,
2009) The problem with this model however, was that it was impossible to have so many negatively
charged phosphates in the centre of the helix without it blowing itself apart.
(Paulingblog,wordpress.com, 2009)
The Watson and Crick model of the structure of DNA differed from this in the sense that it was a
double helix, the nitrogenous bases were on the inside of the helix and the phosphate and sugar
groups were on the outside of the helix. These were all bonded with hydrogen bonds.
(Biography.com,

Rosalind Franklin Essay
Rosalind Franklin
When you think of who discovered DNA, the names Watson and Cricke may come to mind. In
reality, many other scientists' research lead to their discovery. That information was not necessarily
given freely. When Watson saw a picture of DNA taken by Rosalind Franklin a "light bulb" went on.
It was then that he realized exactly what it looked like and was able to publish his results.
Unfortunately, Rosalind did not offer this information to Watson and Cricke. It was stolen from her.
She did not receive credit for the work she had done with DNA and therefore has gone unnoticed in
most biology classes.
On July 25 1920, Rosalind Elsie Franklin was born in London England. She ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Following her time at Cambridge, Franklin spent three years (1947–1950) at the Laboratoire Central
des Sevices Chemiques de L'Etat in Paris where she learned techniques for x–ray diffraction.
(Maire, 1) In this process, " the location of atoms in a crystal can be precisely mapped by looking at
the image of the crystal under and x–ray beam." (Ardell, 1) Rosalind Franklin soon became known
as the world's best crystallographer. (Parshall, 72) This would become vital to her career in the
future since it was the technique used to get a general idea of DNA's shape.
Shortly after this training in Paris, Franklin returned to England as a research associate. She had
been offered a position in a laboratory at King's College in Cambridge and would eventually
produce her most influential work there. (Maire, 1) She was asked to join a team of Scientists
studying living cells and was assigned to work with a graduate student, Maurice Wilkins, on DNA.
(Sayre, 1) When she joined the project, Maurice Wilkins was on vacation. When he returned, he
immediately assumed that she was merely an assistant. (Sayre, 1) In fact, Franklin alone was given
the task of determining the elusive structure of DNA. Even though she was thought of as an
assistant, she was his peer. (Ardell, 1) This

Argumentative Essay On Rosalind Franklin
The fact that many people probably have not heard of Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Lise Meitner, Esther
Lederberg, Chien–Shiung Wu or Rosalind Franklin, is not surprising. These women, among many
other female scientists, have been robbed of their recognition due to sexism. Female scientists have
a reputation of being ignored, in a sense that they did not receive enough, if not any, credit for their
ideas and work. If you ask people who were responsible for the discovery of DNA, most people
would answer Watson and Crick. However, there were some scientists that made key contributions,
and are not properly acknowledged. Rosalind Franklin is seen as one of the most discredited
researchers of all times. She had played an important role in the development of the model of the
DNA molecule, but the other male scientists took all the credit, and, received the Nobel Prize for
'their' discovery.
Rosalind Elsie Franklin was born in London, in July 1920. Her family was a wealthy and well–
connected British Jewish family. As a child she was already a very bright ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Nonetheless, today, she is more and more acknowledged – especially due to the recent rise of
passionate feminists. Also, historian's and archivist's work over the past few decades has promoted
Franklin and she has become more widely known. Numerous books and articles have been written
about Franklin and the lack of credit she has received. In 2004, a university in Illinois, US, was
renamed to Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science in dedication to Rosalind
Franklin. The university states "One thing is certain – she died without ever knowing the true
magnitude of her contribution to the science of life". Finally, one could say Watson actually did
Franklin a favour, by portraying her almost villain–like in his book. Had he not done this, she might
had been forgotten

Rosalind Franklin Contributions
"You look at science (or at least talk of it) as some sort of demoralizing invention of man, something
apart from real life, and which must be cautiously guarded and kept separate from everyday
existence. But science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated." Said Rosalind
Franklin, one of the greatest female scientists, in a letter to her father. Franklin is saying that science
should not be interfered by human civilization, but human civilization needs and relies on science.
This is significant because Franklin discovered so much for the human race through science, hence
what she said, " science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated." Though many might
not recognize her name, Rosalind Franklin changed the world of biology forever. Born on July 25,
1920 in Notting Hill, London, to a family that was jewish, but she believed in no such thing.
Rosalind Franklin was a very intelligent child; she excelled in school always ahed of where she was
supposed to be. By the time Franklin was fifteen she already knew she wanted to be a scientist. She
was taught at North London Collegiate school and went to college at Newnham Collage where she
studied chemistry. Moving on, Rosalind Franklin, was best know for discovering the structure of
DNA, but what most do not know she was did much more. For example, she studied coal utilization,
and x–ray diffraction. She actually was the teacher and mentor for Raymond Gosling who created
the first visible x–ray photo. With

Rosalind Franklin's Effect On The Community
Rosalind Franklin was born on July 25 in the year 1920 as Rosalind Elsie Franklin (Stewart). She
was born in London, England into an upper class family of the Jewish religion (Editors). Her family
had a potent effect on the community in which they resided (Editors). Franklin lived to be only 37
years old, and she died in the same place where she was born, in London, England. This was a short
life span to live during the time period. A person born in 1920, like Rosalind, was expected to live to
be 60 years old (Stevenson). However, Rosalind Franklin was diagnosed with ovarian cancer two
years before her death in 1958 (Bryner, Chow, Rowan).
In essence, Rosalind Franklin assisted in concluding that the DNA strand is shaped like a twisted
ladder,

Rosalind Franklin Research Paper
Rosalind Elsie Franklin was a British chemist that discovered the structure of DNA, along with
many other things. Rosalind was born into her family on July 25, 1920, in London, and passed away
at the age of 38. Her mother's name was Muriel Frances Waley and her father's name was Ellis
Arthur Franklin. Rosalind was one of five children in her family, and her siblings names were
Jenifer, Colin, Ronald, and David. Ever since the age of 15, she knew that being a scientist was how
she wanted to contribute to the world. Her father disagreed because he knew that it was hard for a
woman to pursue a science career, and the cost of tuition was expensive. During Rosalind's studies,
she attended multiple schools, including London Collegiate School, Newnham College, and St.
Paul's Girls' School, where she was a stellar student. After her schooling was over, she began
working as an assistant research officer at the British Coal Utilisation Research Association. This is
where she researched coal. In 1946, she was taught about X–Ray diffraction, which is how her ...
In 1951, she decided to take some pictures of X–Ray diffraction DNA, which showed a helical
appearance. The photographs that she took evidently showed that DNA was a double helix. This did
not match the theory that the formation was made of three chains. Other scientists such as James
Watson and Francis Crick contributed to the findings as well. Soon after Franklin made her
discovery, Watson and Crick used her data and information to benefit themselves, by producing an
accurate model, which they could not do before. Shortly after Rosalind Franklin passed away,
Watson and Crick were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discoveries. There are many people that
believe Rosalind did not receive the amount of credit that she deserved, and that Watson and Crick
got unearned credit. In 1953, they published "their"

Why Is Rosalind Franklin Important
Ethan Rosales Period 6 Science paper
Rosalind Elsie Franklin was a British biophysicist and X–ray photographer who made important
discoveries to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and
graphite. Her DNA work was important because it furthered our understanding of DNA. DNA is
important because it plays a large role in our genetics and personal traits. Her discoveries helped
further the research of many other scientists even the ones she was working with. She was born July
25, 1920 and sadly died April 16, 1958. She's best known for her X–Ray pictures of DNA which led
to the finding of the DNA double helix. This was a very large finding in her time. She also has a
college named after her because of all of her great work. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
By concluding that substances left coal easier when the temperature increased. Franklin helped
closely predict the usefulness of some coal for machines such as gas masks. This work based her
Ph.D theory paper. Eventually, the university awarded her a Ph.D. in 1945. This paper largely
helped her gain this achievement. It also sparked the curiosity of several more papers. On January
1951, Franklin started working as a research associate at King's College London in the Medical
Research Council's (MRC) Biophysics Unit. At this time a man named Dr. Randall was head of this
department. Although originally she was to have worked on X–ray diffraction of proteins in
solutions, Randall redirected her work to DNA fibers before she started working at King's since
Franklin was to be the only experienced experimental diffraction researcher at King's in 1951. He
made this reassignment, even before she started working at King's, because of the following
pioneering work by Maurice Wilkins and Raymond Gosling – a Ph.D. student assigned to help
Franklin. Even using crude equipment, these two men had obtained an outstanding

Rosalind Franklin Is a lady who originally came up with the structure cells of DNA but her
information was stolen by people who got the credit. She was one of many female scientist robbed
for credit for a major discovery. Her work was stolen from James Watson and Francis
Crick, who was also trying to make the discovery of DNA structure. Her bestfreind Maurice
Wilkins leaked her photos that she took while looking at DNA cells under a X–ray. Wilkins showed
Watson and Crick, who used Franklins photo to use to "discover" it. Franklin's Image was used for
the credit of Watson and Crick who later got the nobel peace prize . Franklin also provided an article
that helped Watson and Crick "discover" DNA structure. Franklin published more info on the

As Old As Time Rosalind Quotes
In "As Old as Time", Rosalind is Belle's mother. She was the enchantress who casted the curse upon
the prince to look like a beast. Rosalind and Maurice, Belle's parents, lived in a country where once
witches and wizards lived freely. However, normal people who aren't magical discriminated against
them. I think that some of Rosalind's strengths are selflessness, and determination. However, she
can be very stubborn sometimes, and that isn't always a good thing.
One year in the kingdom, a deadly fever broke out. Belle's parents decided to move away to a small
town where Belle would be safe. Rosalind was very reluctant on leaving her people at first. After all,
she was an enchantress so she wouldn't get the fever. She could have stayed and not worried about
her family's' health, but she decided to not risk their health and safety. This shows that Rosalind is
very selfless and instead of staying in the country she knew and loved, she decided to leave for
Belle. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By some miracle, the prince survived. He would inherit the throne. Rosalind wanted to make sure
that he would be nothing like his parents who didn't have enough love in their hearts to care for their
people at all. So, in disguise as a hideous beggar, Rosalind left for the palace with a single rose in
her hand. She asked the prince for shelter and food for the night in exchange for a single red rose.
The prince who was only eleven, was appalled by her appearance, so he turned down her offer. She
warned him not to be deceived by looks, for true beauty was hidden within. He again dismissed her,
but before she left, she showed her true form to the prince. He tried to apologize for not letting her
stay, but it was too late. She had seen what type of person he truly was. She casted a curse upon
him, so that the people of her country wouldn't have to live under a selfish ruler. This shows that
Rosalind was determined to keep the people

Character Analysis Of James Watson In The Novel The Double...
James Watson– James Watson is both the narrator and author of the novel "The Double Helix." The
reader begins to understand this character by the actions and ways this character is treated. He is at
the time 19 years old and graduated from the University of Chicago. James Watson is a character the
reader can relate to with events such as James not just focusing on science, but enjoying parties and
meeting the girls at Cambridge University. He is portrayed as a very determined scientist as he
throughout the novel. He shows this when he studies RNA, bacterial sextuality and most
importantly DNA. He dreamed of achieving scientific glory through genetics and microbiology.
Watson uses most of his time working and struggling with Francis Crick to create a DNA model.
Him and Crick work well together even through some road blocks and bumps. Along the way
Watson also works with Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin. Rosalind Franklin provides
conflict because she has difficulty at first working and getting along with the others. This group of
scientist navigates a new world of discoveries as they race other scientists to the DNA structure.
They are motivated by this competition and they use the mistakes of the other scientist to their
advantage. For example when they get hold of a draft of Pauling's most recent breakthrough on
DNA. They are shocked and disappointed to find out it looks as though he has cracked it, however it
turns out he has made some very noticeable mistakes. The

Rosalind Darwin
Charles Darwin and Isaac Newton faced challenges in their respective research as a result of
religious and cultural beliefs of the time influencing their work, but there is another individual who
faced different issues that influenced their research. It is fairly well known that James Watson and
Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA, but it is not as commonly known that an individual
by the name of Rosalind Franklin also played a key role in this research. Rosalind Franklin had been
trying to uncover the secrets of DNA during the same time as Watson and Crick and she actually
quite close to figuring it out. At the time she didn't quite realize what she had and if she did than it
would have most certainly been her who would have been credited with the research. It wasn't until
Watson and Crick were shown Franklin's research that they were able to pull ahead and fully figure
out the structure of DNA. It was said that "while Rosalind's work was fundamental to the discovery,
she had not been consulted on its use", meaning that she did a large part of the work and someone
else was given the credit (Maddox). Showing them the progress made by Franklin was done without
their permission. Franklin contributed a large part to the research done on the structure of DNA and
it wasn't until much later she was given credit for it. Why Rosalind Franklin was not given credit for
the amount of work she contributed in the research of DNA is not completely clear, but it may have
been caused by cultural issues she faced ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There can be factors that can help accelerate the research and others that can be detrimental to the
progress. Scientists such as Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, and Rosalind Franklin were faced with
cultural and religious issues during their time which had an influence on their respective research
practices. They each overcome these challenges in their own ways to further their

Watson And Franklin Gender Roles
female scientists in the 1950s restricted the relationship between Watson, Crick and Franklin, and
especially the relationship between Wilkins and Franklin. Crick says in numerous interviews that
"Wilkins had initiated and most single–handedly carried the DNA problem "he had "done numerous
extensive, accurate and painstaking studies". Crick also states "However the data that really helped
us to obtained the structure was mainly obtained by Rosalind Franklin." He also comments on the
pace that Maurice worked at pointing out that he was "rather slow" and that "It should also be
remembered that for a whole yearJim [James] and I tried to get Maurice to solve the structure by our
approach, without success", questioning his scientific ability and how easy it was to work with
Wilkins, "nevertheless, for the last eight years Maurice has done all the hard work on the problem
and that should be recognised". The relationship between Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins,
put a test on the race to discover the double helix. If ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Crick believed that they used Franklin's evidence appropriately, but also admitted that "their
patronizing attitude towards her reflected contemporary conventions of gender in science" meaning
that the gender stereotypes and the way women were treated in the science community was the
reason why they disregarded her achievements. In James Watson's book The Double Helix (1968)
he often refers to her as 'Rosy', Rosalind Franklin never used this nickname, reflecting the
patronising attitude Watson had towards women. In an excerpt from Watson's book he says" Though
her features were strong, she was not unattractive, and might have been quite stunning had she taken
even a mild interest in clothes. This she did not." This reflects the out–dated ideals that Watson held,
reflecting his immature inability to work with female

Rosalind Franklin Biography
It is certainly no doubt that Rosalind Franklin has made a huge mark in science through her
discoveries. Rosalind Elsie Franklin was born in July 25, 1920 in London. Even as a young child, it
was easy to tell that Rosalind was a gifted child. She was very clever for her age, and was eager to
extend her knowledge. Her father was also interested in the field of science, and dreamt of
becoming a scientist, but due to World War 1, he wasn't able to pursue his dreams. Her whole family
was mainly involved in social and public works, and Rosalind wanted to follow a different path. By
the age of 15, she knew that she wanted to pursue a career in science, but her family largely
disagreed. During the mid–1900's, a women to go into science was rare, and difficult because
women did not have the opportunity to go into such a hard field. Nevertheless, her mind was set,
and was able to accomplish many great discoveries using her courage and remarkable intelligence.
Her early education was at St. Paul's Girls' School and excelled as a student. She was taught
chemistry and physics which interested her. Not many schools during this time would teach such
topics to girls. Mary Bagley, the author of "Rosalind Franklin: Biography and Discovery of DNA
Structure," has reported that two of her early school friends have stated, "She was best in science,
best at maths, best in everything. She expected that if she undertook to do something, she would be
in charge of it." It became clear that Rosalind

Rosalind And Benjamin Franklin
Overall, I thought the film provided a unique perspective on the race to discovering the structure of
DNA. Out of the many films I had watched on this topic, there were few that focused on the
significance of Rosalind's contribution. This film portrayed how Watson and Crick unfairly took
information and credit from Franklin. After their study was put to a halt, Watson and Crick bounced
back from their slump all thanks to Franklin's diffraction image. Frankly speaking, Franklin was a
spy. He snuck into a fairly discrete conference where Rosalind presented her findings. Additionally,
he admitted to snooping around her office when she was not there. The sad part was that she
unfortunately passed away before having the chance to see the impact ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The key to Watson and Crick's success was their ability to think beyond the narrow images of the
world. Instead of approaching the issue from a typical perspective, Watson and Crick went about
their own style of thought. They were days where all they did was take walks and talk. This allowed
them to free their minds so that they could concentrate on the big ideas. Given so, I think that
having a liberal arts education gives me the opportunity to explore other disciplines. I am currently a
Biology major. However, I have gotten the chance to take other non–science/major related classes
that have been broaden scope of knowledge. From many of my classes, I have learned to not just
focus on learning all the facts. Many times, it is more important to look at the big idea and
thereafter, to incorporate in the

The Contributions Of Rosalind Franklin
Rosalind Franklin was a chemist who made a profound contribution as a result of her work with
DNA. Prior to this time, DNA was still a mystery in how impactful its purpose could be to society
and the growing age of science and technology. DNA became of importance to learn about the
foundation in relation to genetic and hereditary. Without the contribution of Franklin, todays
understanding of the DNA structure would not exist. Rosalind Franklin died before the Nobel Peace
Prize was given for the discovery of DNA. If she been alive, her receipt of the award would have
been justifiable. Despite her death, Rosalind Franklin demonstrated the knowledge and research
essential for understanding deoxyribonucleic acid and as a result should receive recognition in the
form of a Nobel Peace Prize.
Rosalind Franklin's work on DNA was crucial in discovering the composition of the human body as
a whole. Her x–ray photo revealed a double helix structure and she also discovered the A and B
form of DNA. She worked through the adversity of being a female in a predominately male
dominated realm and made remarkable findings that were eventually stolen. She adapted to a new
lab with antiquated technology. Before this discovery, the structure of DNA was thought to be
simple. Scientist, Watson and Crick, started with the wrong structure of DNA from a
misinterpretation of notes from one of Franklin's presentations. Unlike Watson and Crick, Rosalind
Franklin could explain DNA and how it worked.

I chose Rosalind Franklin as my topic because i know a little bit about her and i want to learn more
about her. Also i think she would be a cool physicist to research about. Also she was a woman and it
was the 1950's so it was probably really hard and she probably got discouraged a lot. I wanna know
how she got through it and what other challenges she faced.
What i already know about Rosalind Franklin was she was a chemist and x–ray crystallographer.
Also she was born July 25th, 1920. Then died April 16th, 1958. She was only 37 years old when she
died. She sadly died from ovarian cancer.
Rosalind Franklin was born into a Jewish family on July 25th, 1920. She was born in Notting Hill,
London, England. Her family found out she was very intelligent when she was young. She knew she
wanted to be a scientists from the age of 15. For her education she went to North London Collegiate
school. Then she went to st Paul's girls school. Then for college she went to Newnham college,
Cambridge in London. She was awarded second class Honors in her finals. Then she went on to
work as an assistant research officer at the British Coal Utilisation Research Association. While she
was there she studied the porosity of coal. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was studying DNA structure with x–ray diffraction. One of her discoveries was with her student
Raymond Gosling, they took pictures of DNA and discovered that there is two forms of DNA, a dry
"A" form and a wet "B" form. That discovery is known as photograph 51. She probably would have
had a lot more discoveries but she was fighting ovarian cancer for 2 years and then later died when
she was

Rosalind Franklin's Life
Rosalind Franklin died at the young age of 37 due to extreme exposure to radiation over time.
Franklin was described as taking on the strong traits of the Franklin women, she was creative and
well driven. Both her mom and dad's side of the family had very strong willed women, who
believed it was important to get an education. Franklin's family played a large role in her desire to
excel in everything she did, especially her love for science. She attended St. Paul's Girls' School in
London for grade school, and received a bachelor's degree in natural sciences with a specialty in
physical chemistry at Newnham College in Cambridge during 1941. This is also where Rosalind
Franklin received her PhD, working with British Coal Utilization Research

Rosalind Franklin: English Feminist
Rosalind Franklin is an English chemist and molecular biologist who lived from 1920 – 1958, dying
at the
young age of 38 (Begley, 2013). I have decided to write about Rosalind Franklin for a number of
reasons, but the
most important one being that her circumstances represent some of the darkest times for women,
and for gender
equality. It also highlights the long ways we have come since then, but also the work that is still to
be done.
During the time that Franklin was alive, women were not yet well accepted into society other than
as
ornaments. Even though Franklin's father's unfulfilled dream was to be a scientist, he was still
opposed to the idea
that his daughter was also passionate about science (Tyson, 2003). Her father knew ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was very talented and held in high regards, though this fact should be taken with a grain of
salt as women in the mid 1900s were not typically respected in such fields (Tyson, 2003). Upon
graduation from St
Paul's Girls' School, Franklin studied at Cambridge University, and then later awarded a research
fellowship (Tyson,
2003). Despite her talent, Rosalind Franklin was not well recognized by her male counterparts and
left to work at
other locations including Paris, and later back to London at King's College, where she did research
on the shape of
DNA using x–rays (Tyson, 2003). At her time in King's College, the shape of DNA had been the

latest mystery that
the world of science was racing to solve. Franklin was able to deduce from x–rays that DNA was the
shape of a
helical–shaped, which she also presented at a lecture (Tyson, 2003). Most likely due to the lack of
credibility she was
awarded as a women, her work was left unrecognized (Cobb, 2015). At the same lab that she
worked at, Maurice
Wilkins showed one of her x–rays to counterparts James Watson and Francis Crick, who also
recognized the helical
shape that the x–rays of DNA showed (Tyson, 2003). The famous Watson–Crick model of DNA
came of the

Rosalind Stereotypes
Ideas proposed during the Renaissance Period regarding gender differences were quite skewed from
the certainties we hold today. In fact, misconceptions about male and female genitalia propagated by
anatomists led to the generally accepted belief that women were merely less perfect versions of
men. The supposed effects of women's sexual imperfections included weakness, illogicality,
deceitfulness, emotional inconstancy, etc. In As You Like It (written between 1598 and 1600),
William Shakespeare exaggerates such gender stereotypes through his character Rosalind in order to
produce comedic effect. When Rosalind is initially introduced, she is characterized as gender
stereotypical due to her extreme emotional highs and lows. For instance, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One such moment occurs when Rosalind decides to "play the knave with [Orlando]" (3.2.270). By
doing so, Rosalind makes clear that her intentions are driven by ulterior motives. However, her
motives are not to hurt or to make a fool of Orlando, but merely to put his love to the test. For
instance, when Orlando insists that he is the man who "is so love–shaked," Rosalind challenges him
by saying "There is none of my uncle's marks upon you" (3.2.331–333). She then describes these
marks in great detail to Orlando: "A lean cheek, which you have not; a blue eye and/ sunken, which
you have not; an unquestionable spirit, which/ you have not; a beard neglected, which you have not"
(3.2.337–339). By cataloging the characteristics which a love–struck man is supposed to show,
Rosalind evokes an idea of the male gender as something out of a romance novel. This description is
humorously juxtaposed by Rosalind's description of the qualities necessary to cure a man of love:
"effeminate, changeable, longing and liking, proud, fantasti–/ cal, apish, shallow, inconstant, full of
tears, full of smiles; for/ every passion something, and for no passion truly anything" (3.2.367–368).
This description of Rosalind's Ganymede character ironically fits the stereotypical ideas of women
during this time

Rosalind Franklin Dna Replication
Because of her discovery of the B–form of DNA, recognition that two states of the
DNA molecule existed and defined the conditions for the transition, essentially being literally only
two steps away from discovering the structure of DNA herself, Rosalind
Franklin deserved to be a co–winner of the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize Nobel Prize in
Medicine for elucidating the structure of DNA in such a way that the mechanism for genetic
replication was revealed. The x–ray, or photograph that James Watson, Francis
Crick and Maurice Wilkins used, and was extremely viable in all three of their research, was a direct
result of work carried out by Rosalind Franklin while at King's College in
London. Instead, the three men received the recognition and Rosalind ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
From these photographs, or x–rays, she was able to draw a logical conclusion to the basic
dimensions of DNA strands. Rosalind actually presented these findings at a lecture in King's
College at which one of the eventual Prize winners, James Watson, were in attendance. Franklin
tried to figure out how the double helix worked but wasn't able to. Without her permission,
Franklin's co–worker, Maurice Wilkins, secretly showed her photos to the American scientist
Watson. He and Francis Crick, his British research partner, were trying to build a DNA model.
When Watson saw the photographs, he realized that DNA is a double– stranded helix and the two
were able to complete the model.
In 1953, the same year Rosalind left Cambridge, both Wilkins and Franklin published papers on
their X–ray data in the same journal issue with Watson and Crick's paper on the structure of DNA.
Neither published paper gave credit to the photo that would eventually help, if not become the
breakthrough they needed in their

The Double Helix Rosalind Franklin Essay
This story starts May 1, 1992. Rosalind Franklin is responsible for photo 51, a remarkable photo of
DNA taken with x–rays. It was a top view of a strand of DNA. Watson used this picture to write a
book called, The Double Helix. In the book he cast Franklin as an evil spirited women, but this is
the opposite of what she was actually like. Many scientist objected to Watson's book and one even
questioned, "Did you even say she died?" To start the film they talk about how the Franklin family
was wealthy, and full of philanthropist. Also from an early age she loved arithmetic and memory
games. She went ot St. Paul girls school (school to prepare girls for a career), then finishes year
early gets scholarship to go to Cambridge school. About this time the Nazi were on the march. She
graduates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Franklin died before she was credited with her information, and still today she does not get her
credit that is due. The credit that Wilkins, Crick, and Watson received was hers. When they stole her
information and saw her findings they wanted to go straight and claim it as their own, but couldn't
right away because they didn't know how to explain it without Rosalind Franklin. You can take all
of the notes from her as you want, but if you don't understand it or explain it then it is obvious that it
is not yours. This happened to Crick and Watson, but eventually they overcame this slight twist in
their plans and stole all of her data. For these men to copy her data,not acknowledge her as the
author, plagiarized. Unfortunately at this time since Franklin herself didn't publish her data there
was no well known record besides her notes to back her up as the author, it was not an obvious
enough cause to say that Crick and Watson stole her notes. For these reasons it is why it is important
to credit research and

How Did Rosalind Franklin Use X-Ray Crystallography?
Rosalind Franklin used X–ray crystallography to discover the structure of DNA. With the use of X–
ray crystallography, or X–ray diffraction, she was able to create Photo 51. With the close
examination of this photo and other photos similar, she was able to conclude that the structure of
DNA is a double helix. She was the first to successfully discover the correct structure of DNA.
Franklin had made a breakthrough in the world of DNA. She also identified the two different forms
of DNA, the A form and B form. Through the use of x–ray crystallography, Rosalind Franklin, was
able to use a crystalline DNA sample to discover that the structure of DNA is a double helix.
Literature Review
Biography
Rosalind Franklin first attended Newnham College, Cambridge. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
She exposed the DNA sample to x–rays, usually overnight, and did this many times at many
different angles to get a 3–dimensional image of the DNA. While working with different humidity's
she discovered that there were two forms of DNA the common "A" or "dry" form that she had been
using and a longer, thinner, heavily hydrated "par crystalline" form, which she called the "B" or
"wet" form. She discovered that the forms would change depending on the humidity. The B form
produced sharp diffraction pictures. Franklin continued to photograph and observe the A form of
DNA. She believed that the A form would produce better images because it was more crystalline
than the B form. After no success with the A from she was getting ready to leave King's college. She
looked again at a picture she took labeled #51. This photo was of B form DNA. A few days later she
concluded that A and B form of DNA were two chain helices. The B form of DNA was sure to be a
double helix while she was not completely positive that the A form was also a double helix. She had
to make the conclusion that the A and B form were similar (U.S. NLM,

Rosalind Franklin's Isolation
(1): Rosalind Franklin feels isolated early on when she arrived at Kings and began to set up her
equipment. Maurice Wilkins decides to check on Rosalind, "Well, we like to keep in touch. [pause,
Franklin looks away]. Just as you wish. Keep me posted [Franklin tilts her head suddenly,
displeased]."(Scene 3). Rosalind is displeased after Wilkins wants to know when she makes
progress with her work. This could mean that Rosalind is afraid that King's College is using her just
to gather more information about DNA. Another scene where Rosalind feels unequal when
compared to others in the film is when her research assistant Raymond Gosling shows Rosalind's
work to Maurice Wilkins. "I wonder why we bother to do experiments. [Clearly upset.]"(Scene ...
"It's as if I'm surrounded by children, Vittorio. Adolescents. They all want to have the theories
without doing the work. I miss Paris."(Scene 6). This shows that she can talk freely and have
someone to talk to when she is talking to her friend, making her feel more trustworthy and showing
that she is not always isolated when she is around the right people. When compared to previous
scenes, Rosalind Franklin feels uneasy and more unequal when she is at King surrounded by fellow
scientists, but when she is out near friends or on a walk, she can be more approachable since she can
feel treated equally and no longer alone when she has someone to talk to. Another scene for when
Rosalind feels more sociable is when she gets Vittorio to visit her workplace at Kings. "I just wanted
you to see for yourself, Vittorio. Sometimes I think it's all in my head."(Scene 9). In this scene,
Rosalind gets a friend to see what condition she is working in at Kings, so that she can see whether
she is feeling as if she is treated unequally or not just because she is a woman, which her friend
agrees on when he says, "Reserved for men. Women are not allowed."(Scene 9).

Rosalind Franklin In Photograph 51
Nicole Kidman, who plays pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin in the play Photograph 51,
says her role is her way of acknowledging her father's work, who passed away last year. Franklin
was the only woman involved in the discovery of DNA's double helix in 1953, but her work was
only recognized after her death, according to BBC. Kidman said that the final preview of the play,
which is Sept 12, happens to be the death anniversary of her father, Dr Antony Kidman. "This is my
way of acknowledging him but also acknowledging the people in science who quietly do things and
aren't acknowledged a lot of the time,"she said in London on Monday. "He knew I was going to do
this. I like to think he'll still be somewhere offering support."

Rosalind Franklin's Life And Accomplishments
Introduction Rosalind Elsie Franklin was an English chemist and X–ray crystallographer who is best
known for her discovery of DNA structure and X–ray diffraction method. There is probably no other
woman scientist with great talents, achievements and controversies surrounding her life and work as
Rosalind Franklin. However, these achievements and controversies defined her as an outstanding
and independent woman, which in a way made her become unique from other women in her time. In
this report, I had gathered information and facts about Franklin's life, achievements and career
highlights. This report will be focused on her scientific studies and achievements as well as some
controversies surrounding them.
Early Life and Schooling Rosalind Elsie Franklin was born on July 25, 1920, in ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Weill was the one who inspired her and made a dramatic influence on her life and career. Most
importantly, because of Weill's introduction to Marcel Mathieu, a director of the Centre national de
la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Franklin got a chance to meet with Jacques Mering at the
Laboratoire Central des Services Chimiques de l'État in Paris. In 1950, Franklin received a three
years Turner & Newall Fellowship to work at King's College, London. She began working as a
research associate in the biophysics unit, where she used her knowledge in X–ray diffraction on
DNA fibers. With X–ray diffraction method, Franklin and her student, Raymond Gosling, made a
huge discovery. They discovered that there were two forms of it, dry "A" and a wet "B". Photograph
51, one of their X–ray diffraction pictures of the wet "B", became famous as it was the first clear
evidence that show the structure of DNA. By the way, it took more than 100 hours of X–ray
shooting from Franklin's self–created machine to finally take a picture of the

Rosalind Franklin's Accomplishments
From the 1940s to the 1950s, there was a scientific discovery that scientist all over the world were
trying to figure out. Rosalind Franklin, a women in science, was competing to discover the structure
of DNA. During her career she had worked in England and France, facing many difficulties because
she was a women in science. She had more difficulties in England because the gender gap was much
larger than in France where she was looked at more of an equal than a lesser. During Rosalind
Franklin's entire career she was always competing with scientist all over the world, but sometimes
she didn't know that she was competing or racing to discover something before someone else
because she was a woman in science, where gender had played a role on the information they
receive even though science is supposed to be an open communal, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Rosalind Franklin's career was affected in many ways due to the gender gap in science. At King's
College, in England, she was at a disadvantage in her work because she was excluded from
something so simple as eating lunch on premises, "The male staff at Kings launched in large,
comfortable, rather clubby dining room, though the females of any age or distinction, launched
either in student halls or off premises"(Sayre, pg. 97). Franklin had missed all of the informal
conversations that took place during lunch, which may not seem like a big deal but it was. Not being
able to talk about her research and listening to other people's research could have stopped her from
maybe realizing something she was doing wrong or maybe someone would give her feedback. At
the time, women were not respected through all of England because they were women. Watson calls
Rosalind "Rosy", which by giving her a nickname and not calling her by her full name shows he has
no respect for her. He describes her as "termagant...she refuses to emphasize her female

Rosalind Franklin's Life And Accomplishments
Rosalind Elsie Franklin was born on July 25, 1920 in Notting Hill, London. She went to school at
St. Paul's Girls School in London before going to the University of Cambridge to get a degree in
chemistry. After graduation, she stayed at the University studying gas–phase chromatology. She is
known for studying DNA structure, virus structure, and the structure of graphite and coal. Franklin's
most known scientific accomplishment is helping to discover DNA's helical structure. When she
moved to Paris in 1947, she worked at the Laboratoire Central des Services Chimiques de L'Etat
with Jaques Mering. He taught her about x–ray diffraction, which was important in discovering the
DNA structure. Using x–ray diffraction, Rosalind categorized carbon

Rosalind Franklin Essay
Rosalind Franklin
As hard as is it is today for women to succeed in the sciences, one must give kudos to those that
came before us. These are the women that paved the way for today's generation of women scientists.
One such woman is Rosalind Elsie Franklin, a chemist who had a great impact on the modern day
field of genetics.
Rosalind was the second of five children. She was born on July 25, 1920 in London. The Franklin's
were an upper–class family who lived a life of luxury. Rosalind never even had to go to school – she
would have been provided for from her family's wealth. As a child, she never felt like she was
understood. She hated pretend games and did not play with dolls. Rosalind had to find the facts
behind everything ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Her Research at BCURA focused on how coal could be used most efficiently. Based on this
research, she earned a Ph.D. from Cambridge in 1945 (McGrayne, 1993). To better understand the
complex crystals in coal, Rosalind started using x–ray crystallography. She became an expert at
using this technology.
In 1947, Rosalind moved to France. These years were the happiest of her life. She traveled Europe
extensively and had fun with friends. While she was in the prime of her life and could have been
married with a family, she chose not to. Rosalind loved children and would not have someone else
raise them. This commitment was not enough to make her give up her true love – science.
Rosalind headed back home to England in 1950. A physicist, John Randall of King's College,
invited Rosalind into his research group. He told her that her sole project would be to "investigate
the structure of certain biological fibres," meaning DNA. This is where a man named Maurice
Wilkins first entered the picture. He was also a research associate in this group and played a
controversial role later in Rosalind's life (McGrayne, 1993).
While at King's, Rosalind discovered much about DNA. Working with her graduate student,
Raymond Gosling, she took the X–ray photographs that would eventually lead to the helix theory of
DNA. But she also made other key discoveries. First, she determined that DNA was found in two
distinct forms, the "wet" and "dry" forms. Gosling had photographed the dry

Rosalind Franklin Biography
Rosalind Franklin was born in the year 1920 in London, England to a "socially well–connected,
upper class [Jewish] family" (Famous Scientists "Rosalind Franklin). The second of five children to
be born to Ellis Franklin and Muriel Waley (Elkin). Franklin was close to her siblings, David, Colin,
Roland, and Jenifer. Her brothers would teach her and show her activities that were typically
enjoyed by boys such as sports and competition, but she still showed a zeal and passion for the
debates and intellectual discussions that her family would engage in (Elkin). Jenifer, Rosalind's
sister, spoke about Rosalind, saying that she was " highly intelligent, logical, determined and
articulate" and did excellent in these debates and discussions (Elkin). Their father, Ellis Franklin,
was an investment banker, while their mother, Muriel Waley, was the daughter of a lawyer (Famous
Scientists "Rosalind Franklin). As their parents, Franklin and Waley encourage the five children to
think critically and put real effort and intellectual thought into the family debates, encouraging them
to think for themselves and have their own firm opinions (Famous Scientists "Rosalind Franklin).
Looking at her home life, it is not hard to believe that Rosalind Franklin excelled in her academic
pursuits. For high school, she attended St Paul's Girls' School, a prestigious private school, starting
at only 11 years old (Elkins). Her school friends described her by saying, "She was best in science,
best at

Rosalind Franklin was born in 1920 in London, England and earned a Ph.D. in physical chemistry
from Cambridge University. She learned crystallography (The science of determining the
arrangement of atoms) and X–ray diffraction, techniques that she applied to DNA fibers. One of her
photographs provided key insights into DNA structure, the double helix. Other scientists used it as
the basis for their DNA model and took credit for the discovery. Franklin died of ovarian cancer in
1958, at age 37.
British chemist Rosalind Elsie Franklin was born into an affluent and Jewish family on July 25,
1920, in Notting Hill, London, England. She displayed exceptional intelligence from early
childhood, knowing from the age of 15 that she wanted to be a scientist. She received her education
at several schools, including North London Collegiate School, where she excelled in science, among
other things. Rosalind Franklin enrolled at Newnham College, Cambridge, in 1938 and studied
chemistry. In 1941, she was awarded Second Class Honors in her finals, which, at that time, was
accepted as a bachelor's degree in the qualifications for employment.
In January 1951, Franklin began working as a research associate at the King's College London in the
biophysics unit, where director John Randall used her expertise and X–ray diffraction techniques
(mostly of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She displayed exceptional intelligence from early childhood, knowing from the age of 15 that she
wanted to be a scientist. She received her education at several schools, including North London
Collegiate School, where she excelled in science, among other things. Rosalind Franklin enrolled at
Newnham College, Cambridge, in 1938 and studied chemistry. In 1941, she was awarded Second
Class Honors in her finals, which, at that time, was accepted as a bachelor's degree in the
qualifications for

Rosalind Franklin Stereotypes
Throughout the ages, women have been have been subject to gender stereotypes, such as women
should be at home, taking care of children and hearth, and should not be out conducting business,
studying science, etc. If they were making progress outside the home, their work was often not
credited properly, such in the case of Rosalind Franklin, whose photograph "51" evolved the fields
of science, medicine and more. Rosalind Franklin was born in London, England in 1920 to a
wealthy Jewish family. Though, her family valued education and public service, some sources say
that her father did not believe in university education for women. Nevertheless, Franklin enrolled at
Newnham Women's College at Cambridge University to study chemistry and physics. Franklin was
part of a graduate fellowship, but she quit after one year, choosing to work at the British Coal
Utilization Research Association (CURA). Her work there, which included studies of carbon and
graphite microstructures, served as the basis for her Ph.D. thesis in physical chemistry at Cambridge
in 1945. In 1947, she decided to move to Paris, where she worked in the Laboratoire Central des
Services Chimiques de L'Etat, learning X–ray diffraction techniques from Jacques Mering, who was
the head of the lab and is best remembered for his influence on Franklin. Just a few years later, in
1951, Franklin returned to England to work in John Randall's laboratory at King's College, London
on a DNA project that had been untouched for

Rosalind Franklin Dna Structure
The Structure of the DNA
Rosalind Franklin once said "We wish to discuss a structure for the salt of deoxyribose nucleic acid.
(DNA). This structure has novel features which are considerable biological interest.". Franklin is a
chemist who was betrayed by her own colleague and her rival chemist got her only piece of
evidence (or work). Franklin had a bad relationship with her colleague Wilkins and that is what got
her that bad luck. Franklin created the first DNA structure proof and used persistence to innovate
ways to overcome a lot of hardships and illuminated the world of chemistry by giving the first DNA
structure.
Rosalind Franklin was a chemist who made the first DNA structure in 1953.. DNA stands for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid. A DNA model ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Franklin then moved on to be an assistant researcher at British Coal Utilization Research
Association, where she studied coal and that was pretty much her Ph.D. Franklin was then appointed
at Laboratoire Central des Services Chemiques de I'Etat in Paris where she learned about
crystallography and learned about X–rays and how they create images of crystallized images.
Franklin then refined the machine because it was not always accurate and unorganized. (Franklin
2015) Franklin then took the challenge that another chemist took up and Franklin put a DNA fiber
under the X–ray machine she created and refined, it took 100 hours but Franklin finally got the the
picture called "Photograph 51". Franklin's colleague was not having a good relation with her and he
took the picture and showed it to the other scientist and that caused panic for Franklin.
Rosalind Franklin affected society by changing chemistry in a well organized science that can help
almost anyone in need. Franklin also changed the way society works today (unless this was already
in play) was to be cautious about who you trust and what you trust them by as Franklin was
betrayed by her colleague and Franklin's rival or other scientist got the structure out first so he was
rewarded with a nobel peace prize. Franklin changed so many people's lives just from a DNA
structure so that a lot

Rosalind Franklin was born on July 25th, 1920 in London, England. She was born into a well
upper–class family. Her father was Ellis A. Franklin was an Investment Banker while her mom,
Muriel F. Waley was a daughter of a banker. Rosalind's father additionally helped less privileged
people by teaching less privileged citizens about electricity and magnetism whereas her mother also
did some charitable work. Furthermore, Muriel and Ellis had five children in total, Rosalind was the
second born. They sent their children to privately educated schools where Rosalind's intelligence
was noticed. Both parents encouraged their children to all have their own opinions/thoughts and to
debate and discuss them. Rosalind did exactly that and continued doing ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In January 1951, she started working as a research associate at the King's College London in the
biophysics unit. There, John Randall used her expertise plus x–ray diffraction techniques on DNA
fibers. Studying them, Rosalind and Raymond Gosling made a discovery that their x–ray diffraction
pictures were in two forms; "a dry "A" form and a wet "B" form. One of their X–ray diffraction
pictures of the "B" form of DNA, known as Photograph 51" (Biography.com Editors). That
photograph became famous and became explanatory evidence of the structure of DNA. Many
scientists built on her evidence and wrote books based on her findings + her herself. After
everything calmed down a bit, she left King's College in 1953 and transferred to Birkbeck College
to study the structure of tobacco mosaic virus and the structure of RNA. That was mainly because
Randall let Rosalind leave only if she agreed that she wouldn't work on DNA anymore. Later on,
she got back into studying coal but managed to publish 17 papers on viruses in 5 years. 3 years later,
Rosalind Franklin found out that she had ovarian cancer, but continued to push through for 2 more
years. She soon later died at age 37 on April 16th,

Rosalind Franklin College
"Science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated"; this seemingly simple statement is
found in a letter written by Rosalind Franklin to her father. Over seventy years after this declaration
was made, an abundance of people have proven its truth and unknowingly use this statement to
influence their education and life. Although Rosalind Franklin underwent various trials throughout
her life, generational research can attend that her persistence made her into the brilliant chemist that
is still remembered today. Rosalind Franklin's most recognized piece of work is her important
contributions in understanding the structure of DNA, a remarkable discovery considering her
unexpectedly short lifespan. When looking at the impact Franklin ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This opportunity made Norrish particularly unhappy and pessimistic, and because of which it, it can
be easily assumed that the work environment became dreadful, and therefore Rosalind left the lab
within a year. Even though Rosalind had a poor start to her scientific career, she continued to pursue
her passion; her direction of work slightly altered as her second job focused on helping the soldiers
at war. Rosalind joined the Coal Utilization Research Association and was assigned to explore in
great detail the density and porous nature of coal, more specifically, Rosalind focused on the
micropores which were found at a molecular scale. It was during this time that people began fearing
this war would be like the First World War in the sense of the rapidly–spreading poisonous gas.
Therefore, research into coal as filters for gas masks was urgent. This complex research proved to
be valuable for her following work positions which dealt with more microstructures. Cambridge
University awarded Rosalind a Doctorate based on her substantial research in this field of Physical
Chemistry. Two years after receiving her Doctorate she moved to Paris where she found a job using
X–ray diffraction; this was generally used to determine the structure of crystal structures, but use
began to explore the shape of structure–less molecules. In 1950 she was invited to build an X–ray
diffraction laboratory at King's College and because of her expertise gained over the years, Rosalind
was the lead researcher for specific X–ray efforts. When Maurice Wilkins returned to his laboratory
he immediately assumed that she was hired as an assistant to him. Both Wilkins and Rosalind
started off on the wrong foot yet both researched DNA, but did not collaborate with their efforts.
Franklin quickly learned of the drastic gender differences when she was instructed to eat in a

Jean Watson Influence On The Structure Of Dna
Sixty–five years ago, the structure of DNA was unknown. In contrast to other sciences such as
chemistry, which dates to around the time of the Egyptians, and physics, which came into vogue
during the 1600s, molecular biology is truly a modern phenomenon. Until 1952, many biologists
continued to believe that proteins carried genetic material. The next year, In 1953 James Watson and
Francis Crick published their findings on the structure of DNA. Their proposition states that DNA
consists of a double helix with alternating deoxyribose and phosphate molecules in the backbone.
While many may attribute the structure of DNA to other scientists, it was Watson who formulated
the model. To complete this, he synthesized data uncovered by his colleges, the most famous of
which was Rosalind Franklin. Her understudy, Raymon Gosling, captured the iconic Photo 51, an
X–ray diffraction photograph of DNA. This image confirms the double–helical structure of DNA.
Also seen in the image is the sugar phosphate backbone. Another influence on Watson's conclusions
was the work of Erwin Chargaff, who suggests that there are four ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Debates rage on whether Rosalind Franklin would have come to the same conclusion about Photo
51. Watson also brought in information from Chargaff, among others, to polish his formulation.
From his work and mindset, one sees that a scientist must be curious about an unsolved problem and
strive to complete it. For example, after meeting Maurice Wilkins and hearing about his X–ray
refraction technique, Watson believed in the possibility that he could deduce the structure of DNA,
and he pushed after his new–found goal. Of equal importance is the ability to integrate data from
different sources into a coherent argument. This integration is why James Watson was the most
influential in discovering the structure of

Rosalind Franklin Research Papers

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