This document contains information about a student's undergraduate design studio projects. It includes summaries of 4 projects: 1) a basic composition exercise using planes, cubes, and geometric forms, 2) the design of a preschool and childcare center, 3) the design of a ready-made garments factory, and 4) a thesis project focusing on maximizing daylight and natural ventilation in retail shopping environments in Dhaka, Bangladesh. For each project, a brief overview is provided of the objectives, methodology, and outcomes. Diagrams, plans, sections, and photographs from the various projects are also included.
2. Portfoliokumar biswajit debnath
Contents
Project_01 Power of Planes (Level1, Term2)
Project_02 design of a ‘Pre-school and Child care center
(Level3, Term1)
Project_03 design of a ‘Ready made Garments Factory’
(Level5, Term1)
Project_04 Maximizing the utilization of daylight and
natural ventilation in retail shopping
Environments in the context of Dhaka city
(Level5, Term2)
Undergraduate Studio Projects
3. Methodology:
Students will work individually on a 8” x 24”
base with planes(square/triangular/rectangular
shape) of varying size and monochromatic colour.
Number of planes may vary from a minimum of 20 to
maximum unlimited. Planes may intersect but cannot
be perforated.
Media:
Red Paper, Grey Paper
Duration:
One week.
A line extended becomes a plane conceptually a plane
has length and width but no depth. In the formation of
visual construction, a plane serves to define the limits or
boundaries of a volume. As architecture deals specially
with the formation of three-dimensional volumes of form
and space, the plane becomes a key element in the
vocabulary of architectural design.
POWER OF PLANE
Level1 Term 2
Understanding nature in
terms of forms. Exercises in
t h r e e d i m e n s i o n a l
composition in various
media. Basic composition
with colour schemes;
planes, cubes and other
geometric forms.
4. Design of a
Design Program
Ÿ Multi purpose Space
Ÿ Infant Room
Ÿ Young Toddler Classroom
Ÿ Older toddler Classroom
Ÿ Play yard
Ÿ Play yard storage
Ÿ Director’s Office
Ÿ Asst. Director’s Office
Ÿ Sick Bay
Ÿ Staff work Station
Ÿ Parent and teacher Conference
Ÿ Central storage
Ÿ Child Toilet
Ÿ Service Toilet
Ÿ Kitchen
Ÿ Laundry
Ÿ Janitor’s Closet
Duration_ 4 Weeks
Won the “BERGER BEST DESIGN
AWARD” 2008-09 for the design
of a 'Preschool and child care
center'
5. Children are the pioneer of the future.
Every children possess its own creativity,
exploring capability and dream. A pre
school and child care center is a place
where they start to learn about the
surrounding world and develop
communication skills.
DesignConcept
The pre school and child care center has
to be a second home for the children. Its
environment should be inviting to learn,
explore and play.
In this project the pre school and child
care center was designed with the view
to focus the softness and play full
character of the children. The main part
of the site is the play ground, which is the
most interesting part of the site for the
children. They will explore the building as
a toy. Its fluid character of the interior
and exterior spaces will reveal the
building to the children as if they are living
and playing in a toy.
no play ground
always video games
creates psychological
and physical problems
Softness
Toys
Playfulness
Problems
Problems
11. design of a Ready Made Garments Factory
In previous studies it was found that an efficient lighting and ventilation system can reinforce the
production of a ready made garments factory. Bangladesh has a tropical climate. This climatic condition
enables the use of daylight through out day time and the utilization of wind and rainwater in natural
ventilationandrainwaterharvestingrespectively.
The main motivation of this design was to give the workers a work place with sufficient natural settings.
The provision of sufficient glare free daylight and fresh natural air for every worker was a major goal of
this design. Also water efficiency of the project was another important issue. The functional efficiency
was equally important for the project. As it is a factory building the work flow and the zoning has to be
flawlessandefficient.
The area of the site is 2385 sqm. The main zones of the building are the production & distribution area,
Administrative area, Training and testing area and the Service area. The main part of the building is the
sewing area, which is in the middle with administrative area, training and testing areas to the left and
distribution&serviceareastotheright.
Fromcuttingtothepackagingallthestepscanbeperformedinwelllightandnaturallyventilatedspaces.
Thesolarpowergeneratedfromtheroofwilllighttheinterioratnight.Theconstructionsystemistensile
andframestructure.Thiswillenablethefastconstructionprocesswithin2-3weeks.Thematerialusedin
the roof and exterior surface is Corrugated Galvanized Iron (CGI) sheets, which is well-found in
Bangladesh.Butithassomedesignedmodificationstoreducethethermalheatgain.
12. Fabric store
23.25x10.97
273.38 sqm
Loading & unloading deck
6.24x5.15
32.71 sqm
Finished product
store
9.73x6.24
65.97 sqm
Packing room
6.09x10.32
62.8 sqm
Cutting area
23.04x15.84
360.87 sqm
CAD room
10.6x5.04
51.24sqm
Sewing area
34.97x52.94
1841 sqm
Thread
sucking
room
3x5.16
15.57 sqm
Stain
removing
room
5.16x2.92
15.10 sqm
Male toilet
4.47x9.66
43.18sqm
Utility
store
3.66x2.00
7.44 sqm
Cutting
manager's
room
3.43x2.04
7.28 sqm
Managing director's room
5.14x7.19
36.35 sqm
Office area
10.32x35.69
338.69 sqm
Conference room
6.69x9.99
70.86 sqm
Quality
manager's
room
3.39x6.39
22.17 sqm
Meeting room
3.38x7.05
24.13 sqm
Recption & waiting area
7.39x1011
74.73 sqm
Guard room
1.75x3.54
6.195 sqm
Locker room
8.88x12.85
103.87 sqm
Guard room
2.70x2.97
8.02 sqm
Pump room
2.70x2.82
7.66 sqm
Female toilet
4.25x9.57
40.67 sqm
Store room
1.82x2.75
5.58 sqm
Male toilet
2.88x5.34
15.38 sqm
Female toilet
1.88x5.34
10.04 sqm
Electrical substation
4.19x7.49
31.38 sqm
Generator
4.69x7.49
35.13 sqm
Boiler room
4.19x 7.49
31.38 sqm
23m wide road
+0m
+0.15m
+1m
+1m
UPUP
UP
UP
UP
UP
UPUP
UP
DN DN
B B'
C'C
A'A
DN
DN
DN
Female prayer room
10.57x13.99
126.77 sqm
Kitchen
7.36x8.78
65.55 sqm Medical room
7.20x10.43
77 sqm
Dinning area
20.51x27.15
516.47 sqm
Child care center
8.72x16.39
134.20 sqm
Lecture room
9.83x9.89
100.06 sqm
Laboratory
9.8x12.03
121.69 sqm
Samplle making room
10.1x33.22
299 sqm
Female toilet
2.84x5.07
14.40 sqm
Male room
4.25x4.34
18.445 sqm
Ablution space
4.43x5.52
24.45 sqm
Male prayer room
10.76x13.98
124.88 sqm
Ablution space
4.18x5.11
21.35 sqm
Store room
1.82x2.75
5.58 sqm
B B'
C'C
A'A
Ground Floor Plan
First Floor Plan
Site Plan
Admin
LabLab
Sewing
Dinning and service
Cutting and Store
14. Section AA’
The width of the sewing area is 150' in the North-
South direction. It is possible to ensure cross
ventilationasthemainsourceofwindinBangladesh
isthesouthside.Butthemainproblemisthesewing
lines. There are six lines. The first line in the south
side will get fresh air. But as the air will travel in the
inner part of the sewing section the next lines will
get hotter air with less oxygen components for the
metabolism of the workers. That's why in the design
there was a duct beneath the floor to supply fresh
air to the middle portion of the sewing area. The
mixed air then travels through out the system
creating a well ventilated space. The position of the
exhaustfansandtheinlets&outletsweresimulated
withComsolMulti-Physics3.4.
Daylight
level at
+2m
3:00 pm
1st April
16. Design Studio X
level 5
term 2
Identification of viable projects of significance as
thesis projects. Preparation of complete design
solution based on investigation and analysis of
the physical and contextual aspects of the
problem, and on the understanding of design
considerations of material , structure and form.
Stress is given on the objective analysis of the
related factors and in transforming them into a
tangible architectural solution of professionally
acceptable quality.
Arch 504
Design Studio X (Thesis)
12.00 Credits. 15 Hrs/Wk
Design Guidelines for Maximizing the Use of Daylight and Natural Ventilation in Retail Shopping
EnvironmentsintheContextofDhakaCity
17. Pre Mughal Period
[before 1604]
Bangladesh Period
Exampleof
shopping
environment
Selected
example
PlanSectionsPresentsituationDaylightutilizationNatural
Ventilation
Circulation
1. Shakhari Bazar
2. Tanti Bazar
3. Laksmi Bazar
Shakhari Bazar Cawk Bazar
1. Chawk Bazar
2. Bakshi Bazar
3. Dewan Bazar
Cawk Bazar 1. Chawk Bazar
2. Nawabpur Bazar
3. Islampur Bazar
1. New Market
2. Gausia Market
3. DCC Market
Polton super
market
1. Century arcade
2. Sharif Market
1. Eastern plaza
2.Riffels square
1. Annam rangs plaza
2. Plaza A R
3. Basundhara city
New market Polton super market Century arcade Eastern Plaza Basundhara cityCawk Bazar Cawk Bazar
Location
Mughal Period
[1608-1764]
East India company
Period
[1764-1857]
British Colony
Period
[1858-1947]
Pakistan Period
[1947-1971]
1971-1980 1981-1990 1991-2000 2001-2011
Entirely
dependent on
daylight
Entirely
dependent on
daylight
Entirely
dependent on
daylight
Entirely
dependent on
daylight
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Natural Ventilation
Entirely
dependent on
Artificial Ventilation
600 ton
Entirely
dependent on
Artificial Ventilation
7000 ton
4
1
4
Energy
Use
No use of electricity at
that period
No use of electricity at
that period
No use of electricity at
that period
No use of electricity at
that period
4.2 W/sft 211.73 W/sft146.27 W/sft 100 W/sft 445 W/sft
Case Study
18. 0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Shakhari bazaar Chawk Bazaar New market Polton super
market
Century Arcade Eastern plaza Basundhara city
Percentageofdaylightuse
Day light use
Day light use
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
New market Polton super
market
Century Arcade Eastern plaza Basundhara city
Electricity use per square feet
Watt/sft
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Percentage
Use of natural and artificial Ventilation
Natural ventilation
Artificial ventilation
The use of electricity in per square feet is rising with the increasing in
the use of artificial lighting and artificial ventilation. So, these types of
multistoried shopping environments are increasing the use of energy
at a higher rate.
In this study parametric study was done to identify and quantify the effect of
each individual factor/parameters on daylight and natural ventilation. The
main focus was to develop relations between the parameters of the shopping
environments to maximize the use of daylight and natural ventilation. The
parameters which were considered in this study were- width, height and
depth of the shops; the depth of the corridor between two rows of shops; the
height and width of the light wells. All the parametric relations are derived in
the form of proportion to the width of the shop. As a part of idea testing, the
findings of parametric study were applied through designing a retail shopping
mall. Daylight and natural ventilation level were measured and compared
with the given level in the BNBC code.
Field study
Problem
Statement
Parametric study
in context of
Dhaka city
Design
Implementation
Thesis
problem
Literature
review
Historical background of
Shopping in Dhaka city
Sustainability
in Shopping
Principles
Evolution of
shopping
environments
of Dhaka city
Evaluation
of the better
sustainable
design
development
Parameters
of sustainable
development
[Daylight,
Natural
ventilation,
Urban Public
space]
Findings
[design
considerations
for Dhaka]
Research Structure
19. Section AA' [h=12']
h=8’,
d=1/2w,
100% aperture
with clear glass
on East side
d
w
h
Plan
A'A
Section AA' [h=8'] Section AA' [h=10']
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
h=8’ h=10’ h=12’
Height
Opening
100%
25%
1:1 1:2 1:3 1:1 1:2 1:3 1:1 1:2 1:3
50%
w:d
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w
100% 50% 25% 100% 50% 25% 100% 50% 25%
8' 10' 12'
Lowest Daylight Level for Single Shops with External
Aperture
Lowest Daylight level
For h=8', 10', 12' and 50-100% opening, d= [1-2] w
For h=8', 10', 12' and 25% opening, d= w
lux
4540+
4110
3680
3250
2820
2390
1960
1530
1100
670
240
Single shop
Relation between Height, Width, Depth for a single shop with aperture on one side
North-South-East-West
Plan
Parametric Study
20. Relation between Height, Width, Depth for a single shop with corridor on one side
Wc=0.5w
Wc=w
Wc=2w
Wc=3w
Wc=1.5w
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
h=8’ h=10’ h=12’
Height
Width
of corridor
w:d 1:1 1:2 1:3 1:1 1:2 1:3 1:1 1:2 1:3
North-South-East-West
Plan
Section AA' [h=8']
Section AA' [h=10']
Section AA' [h=12']
A'A
6900
7000
7100
7200
7300
7400
7500
7600
7700
7800
w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w
.5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w .5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w .5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w
8' 10' 12'
Lowest Daylight Level for SIngle Shops with External Corridor
Lowest Daylight level
For h=8', 10', 12' d= [1-2] w
Wc= [.5-1.5] w
lux
9900+
9630
9360
9090
8820
8550
8280
8010
7740
7470
7200
h
d
w
Wc
21. Multiple shops
Relation between Height, Width, Depth, Width of the corridor and Length for shop with aperture on one side for daylight
Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable
Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable
Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not Acceptable
Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable
Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable
Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable Not Acceptable
100%
Wc=0.5w
Wc=w
Wc=1.5w
w:dOpening Wc
Height h=8’
1:1 1:2 1:3
[North-South]-[East-West]
50%
Wc=2w
Wc=2.5w
Wc=0.5w
Wc=w
Wc=2w
Wc=2.5w
Wc=1.5w
h=10’ h=12’
1:1 1:2 1:3 1:1 1:2 1:3
Plan
A'A'
Section AA' [h=8']
Section AA' [h=10']
Section AA' [h=12']
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w
.5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w .5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w .5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w
8' 10' 12'
Lowest Daylight level 100% Apparture
Lowest Daylight level
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w w 2w 3w
.5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w .5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w .5w w 1.5w 2w 2.5w
8' 10' 12'
Lowest Daylight level 50% Apparture
Lowest Daylight level
w Wc
L d
For h=8', 10', 12' and 100% opening, d= [1-2] w, Wc= [0.5-1.5] w
For h=8', 10', 12' and 50% opening, d= [1-2] w, Wc= [0.5-1] w
22. North-West
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
Not
Acceptable
L
Wind
Direction
North
South
East
West
South-East
South-West
North-East
L=2w L=3w L=4w L=5w L=6w L=7w L=8w L=9w L=10w L=11w L=12w L=13w
Relation between Height, Width, Depth, Width of the corridor and Length for shop with corridor on one side for natural ventilation
Wc
d
w
Plan
A'A'
Section AA' [h=8']
Section AA' [h=10']
Section AA' [h=12']
h
L
For h= 8' L= [2-7] w
For h= 10' L= [2-8] w
For h= 12' L= [2-8] w
Wind flow in a corridor with close end
Wind flow in a corridor with open end
25. Width of the shop [w] -12'
Floor to floor height [h] - 12'
Number of floors [n] - 6-8
From the parametric relations the results are-
Depth of the shops [d] -12'-24'
Width of the corridor [Wc] -6'-18'
Length of the shops [L] -84'-120'
Width of the light well [C] -72'-96'
Height of the light well [H] -72'-96'
Design guidelines for the selected site according to the BNBC code-
Land size-63918.19sft
Floor area required - 31960sft x 6=191760 sft
Floor area required for sales- 143820sft
Circulation, service, planting area-47940sft (25%)
Number of Parking-89
Width of road- 35m
FAR- NAR
MGC- 31960sft (50%)
Set-back-
Front-1.5m
Back- 2m
Sides- 1.5m
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
UP
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
DN
UP
DN
0'+6"
+4'
+4'
+4'
+6"
+6"
+6"
+6"
B
B'
c
c'
A
A'
1
5
5
1
1
12
5
11
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
11
1
1
12
1
5
4
2
1
2
11
1
6
1
7
5
7
6
1
11
1
7 7
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
4
1
8
4
4
5
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
3 3
4
1
4
1
1
4
4
2
6
1
5 1 4
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1 1
8
1
1
5
4
2
4
2
1
1
4
6
3
3
4
1
1
1
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
5
4
1
5
2
1
2
1
2
3
1
2 2
5
3
3
5 1
1
1
5
1
1
1
4
2
1
8
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
6
4
2
2
5
6
1
1
1 1
1
1
5
6
1
6
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
3
4
1
4
1 111
1 66
11
34
21
1
4
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
1
1
411
1
Ground Floor PlanSite Plan
Design Implementation of the Parametric Findings
26. Electro-Mechanical room
Electro-Mechanical room
Pump room
UP
UP
B
B'
c
c'
A
A'
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
Male
toilet
Female
toilet
Male
toilet
Female
toilet
B
B'
c
c'
A
A'
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
Male
toilet
Female
toilet
Male
toilet
Female
toilet
B
B'
c
c'
A
A'
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
Male
toilet
Female
toilet
B
B'
c
c'
A
A'
Basement Plan Third Floor Plan
Fourth Floor Plan Sixth Floor Plan