3. Etiology
• Traumatic
• Developmental
− Birth moulding
− High arched palate
− Unequal growth between skull base and palate
• Mass in opposite nasal cavity
• Racial factors
• Hereditary : posterior DNS
4. Types of DNS
• Anterior / caudal dislocation
• C - shaped deformity
• S-shaped deformity
• Septal Spur : shelf-like projection between
bone and cartilage
• Septal Thickening: organized hematoma or
over-riding of septal fragments
7. Clinical features
• Nasal obstruction
– On side of DNS
– Paradoxical nasal obstruction on opposite side due
to compensatory inferior turbinate hypertrophy
• Recurrent cold
– Associated sinusitis, allergy
• Headache : Sluder’s neuralgia, sinusitis
8. • Epistaxis
– Stretched mucosa on DNS dry crusting
bleeding on removal
– Stretched blood vessels over spur
• Hyposmia
– High D.N.S.
• External nasal deformity
12. Cottle’s line
Imaginary line drawn from
frontal nasal spine to
maxillary nasal spine
• Deviations anterior to it can
be corrected only by
septoplasty
• Deviations posterior to it
can be corrected either by
SMR or septoplasty
13. S.M.R. Septoplasty
Radical surgery Conservative
Not done below 17 yrs of age Done after 4 yrs
Killian’s incision Freer’s incision
Cannot correct anterior DNS Can correct
B/L mucoperichondrium elevated One side only
Radical removal of cartilage Only inferior strip
Can’t be combined with rhinoplasty Can
Revision surgery difficult Relatively easy
Cartilage graft can be harvested No
Complications common Rare
36. • Collection of blood under the perichondrium/
periosteum of nasal septum
• Etiology
–Nasal trauma
–Septal surgery
–Bleeding disorders
37. Clinical features
• Bilateral nasal obstruction
• Sense of pressure over nasal bridge
• B/L smooth, fusiform, round septal swelling
• On palpation mass is soft & fluctuant
• Absence of raised temperature, erythema, swelling &
tenderness of skin over nose
42. • Collection of pus under perichondrium /periosteum
of nasal septum
• Etiology
– Secondary infection of septal hematoma
– Following furuncle of nose or upper lip
– Following typhoid or measles
– Immunocompromised hosts
43. Clinical Features
• Bilateral nasal obstruction with fever
• Skin over nose shows raised temperature, erythema,
swelling and tenderness
• B/L smooth, soft, fluctuant septal swelling
• Septal mucosa congested
• Submandibular node enlarged and tender
44.
45. Treatment
• Abscess drained immediately by making an
incision on the most dependent part
• Pus and necrosed cartilage removed
• Nasal packing done
• Systemic antibiotics administered for 7-10
days
49. Clinical features
• Small perforation
–Whistling sound during respiration
• Large perforation
–Nasal crusting nasal obstruction
epistaxis on crust removal
50.
51. Treatment
• Treat the cause of septal perforation
• Alkaline nasal douche for crusting
• Small perforation
– Closed by mucosal advancement flaps
• Large perforation
– Silastic obturator, Alloderm
– Results of surgery are poor