management as science and art

1. CONTENTS
• Intoduction to management.
• Management as an Art.
• Management as a science.
• Comparison.
• Conclusion.

2. What is Management?
 The verb “manage” comes
from maneggiare (to handle
especially tools),which derives
from the latin word
manus(hand).
 Management is often included
as a factor of production along
with machines, materials and
money.

3. Management as an art
According to Mary Parker
Follett.Harold Koontz and
several others
management authors
called management “An
Art of getting things done
through people”.

4. Management is an art due to the following reasons.
 Intelligence
 Initiative
 Innovative

5. Individual Approach
Application & Dedication
Goal Oriented

6. Management as a Science
Science is a systematic
bodyof knowledge which is
universally accepted.
F. W. Taylor father of
scientific management was
prehaps the first person to
consider as a science

7. continuation
Science can be broadly
divided into two groups:
• Physical Science
• Social Science
Management is a social
science because it deals
with human beings.

8. Frederick W. Taylors principle of scientific
management
 Managers must :
-Study the way that workers
perform their tasks
-Understand the job knowlege
that workers have.
-Find ways to improve how task
are performed
-Give written work rules
-Hire workers who have skills
and abilities needed for the task
to be completed

9. continuation
Managers who believe in
management as a science
are likely to beleve that
they ideal managerial
practice for certain
situations.

10. As an Art vs As a Science
• ART
1. Based on practice and
creativity
2. It is a theoretical body of
knowledge
3. Has personalized
application
• Science
1. Based on
experimentation
2. Is a systematized body of
knowledge
3. Has universal application

11. CONCLUSIONS
From the study above, we say that: management is both,
art and science
According to ASME (American Society Of Mechanical
Engineers)
Management is the art and the science of preparing,
organizing and directing human efforts to control the force
and utillize the material of nature for the benefit of man.
Management is a mixture of an art and science- the
present ratio is about 80% art and 20% science by(Dean
Stanley)