Select one of the following Activities from Chapter 10 of Crime Prevention for your initial post. · Activity: Crime Prevention. Medical Focus – Brain Dysfunction · Activity: Crime Prevention. Crime Prevention – Social Capital & Human Capital · Critical Thinking: Create a Crime Prevention Program (Reduce Poverty). · Critical Thinking: Re-entry Programs THIS ASSIGNMENT IS COMPLETED ABOVE, YOUR NEXT ASSIGNMENT IS TO: Respond to at least two of your classmates post. For these responses, select two classmates who chose to address an Activity different from your own. In your responses to their posts, address the following: “With respect to your classmate's initial post, how do the concepts of re-entry and re-integration of prisoners back into society affect your selection of a crime prevention program?” “Does society have a responsibility to fund and implement programs like these?” “Do these programs have an effect on recidivism?” PROVIDE FEEDBACK ON TWO CLASSMATES POSTS. THE LENGTH MUST BE 200 WORDS EACH POST. THERE ARE TWO FEEDBACKS YOU MUST DO. MUST BE POSITIVE FEEDBACK, PROPER GRAMMAR/SENTENCE STRUCTURE, AND ANY OUTSIDE SOURCES YOU USE THAT RELATES TO THE FEEDBACK FROM THE STUDENT MUST BE PROPERLY CITED/SCHOLARY SOURCE. FIRST DISCUSSION RESPONSE FROM NOAH C. Crime Prevention; Medical Focus – Brain Dysfunction In our text brain dysfunction is defined as “Some disruption or interference with normal brain function.” (Robinson, M., 2013) The brain is split into two different lobes, the frontal lobe and the temporal lobe. Many scientists suggest that our behavior comes directly from the brain. When the two brain lobes are not weighed evenly they can produce aggressive behavior. There are several causes for reduced and injured development and functioning to the brain. A few of the main things that can produce brain dysfunction are “Exposure to alcohol, cigarettes, and other drugs in utero; exposure to environmental toxins such as lead, mercury, PCBs, and pes­ticides; and traumatic brain injuries caused by vehicular accidents, falls, acts of violence, and sports.” (Robinson, M., 2013) To greatly reduce ones risk of brain dysfunction and possibly crime, one should reduce their exposure to the things above. “Reducing exposure to these occurrences thus offers more hope as a means of preventing crime.” (Robinson, M., 2013) Some brain dysfunctions may be able to be avoided however, some cannot be. Traumatic brain injury or TBI is a dysfunction that cannot be. Some causes of TBI are “When the brain is injured due to a trauma to the head, which can occur when the head smashes into an object or when an object pierces the skull and injures the brain.” (Robinson, M., 2013) Criminal and aggressive behavior can be increased with TBI. The risk of TBI can be reduced by using preventative measures. Preventative measures such using protective gear; seatbelts when in a vehicle and helmets when on a bicycle, motorcycle, etc. Finally, it is imp.

1. Select one of the following Activities from Chapter 10 of Crime
Prevention for your initial post.
· Activity: Crime Prevention. Medical Focus – Brain
Dysfunction
· Activity: Crime Prevention. Crime Prevention – Social Capital
& Human Capital
· Critical Thinking: Create a Crime Prevention Program (Reduce
Poverty).
· Critical Thinking: Re-entry Programs
THIS ASSIGNMENT IS COMPLETED ABOVE, YOUR NEXT
ASSIGNMENT IS TO:
Respond to at least two of your classmates post. For these
responses, select two classmates who chose to address an
Activity different from your own. In your responses to their
posts, address the following:
“With respect to your classmate's initial post, how do the
concepts of re-entry and re-integration of prisoners back into
society affect your selection of a crime prevention program?”
“Does society have a responsibility to fund and implement
programs like these?”
“Do these programs have an effect on recidivism?”
PROVIDE FEEDBACK ON TWO CLASSMATES POSTS. THE
LENGTH MUST BE 200 WORDS EACH POST. THERE ARE
TWO FEEDBACKS YOU MUST DO. MUST BE POSITIVE
FEEDBACK, PROPER GRAMMAR/SENTENCE STRUCTURE,
AND ANY OUTSIDE SOURCES YOU USE THAT RELATES
TO THE FEEDBACK FROM THE STUDENT MUST BE
PROPERLY CITED/SCHOLARY SOURCE.

2. FIRST DISCUSSION RESPONSE FROM NOAH C.
Crime Prevention; Medical Focus – Brain Dysfunction
In our text brain dysfunction is defined as “Some
disruption or interference with normal brain function.”
(Robinson, M., 2013) The brain is split into two different lobes,
the frontal lobe and the temporal lobe. Many scientists suggest
that our behavior comes directly from the brain. When the two
brain lobes are not weighed evenly they can produce aggressive
behavior.
There are several causes for reduced and injured development
and functioning to the brain. A few of the main things that can
produce brain dysfunction are “Exposure to alcohol, cigarettes,
and other drugs in utero; exposure to environmental toxins such
as lead, mercury, PCBs, and pes-ticides; and traumatic brain
injuries caused by vehicular accidents, falls, acts of violence,
and sports.” (Robinson, M., 2013) To greatly reduce ones risk
of brain dysfunction and possibly crime, one should reduce their
exposure to the things above. “Reducing exposure to these
occurrences thus offers more hope as a means of preventing
crime.” (Robinson, M., 2013)
Some brain dysfunctions may be able to be avoided however,
some cannot be. Traumatic brain injury or TBI is a dysfunction
that cannot be. Some causes of TBI are “When the brain is
injured due to a trauma to the head, which can occur when the
head smashes into an object or when an object pierces the skull
and injures the brain.” (Robinson, M., 2013) Criminal and
aggressive behavior can be increased with TBI. The risk of TBI
can be reduced by using preventative measures. Preventative

3. measures such using protective gear; seatbelts when in a vehicle
and helmets when on a bicycle, motorcycle, etc.
Finally, it is important to support proper brain
development and functioning. It is also important to consider
avoiding possible brain dysfunctions. To do this one should use
preventative measures “Through edu­cational campaigns and
proper nutrition and exercise which can be aimed at all people
(pri-mary crime prevention) or at those who are at most risk
(secondary crime prevention).” (Robinson, M., 2013) If these do
not work one could also gain assistance from a medical doctor.
“Medicalization of behavior involves regulating brain chemistry
through the admission of legally prescribed medicines such as
antidepressants and antipsychotics as well as vitamins and
minerals such as zinc and omega-3 fatty acids. These substances
effectively curb aggression be alleviating symptoms of
depression and other mental dis-orders, as well as conditions
such as conduct disorder (CD) and attention deficit
hyper-activity disorder (ADHD) that have been associated with
higher involvement in juvenile delinquency.” (Robinson, M.,
2013)
Reference:
Robinson, M., (2013) Crime Prevention San Diego, CA:
Bridgepoint Education, Inc.
SECOND DISCUSSION RESPONSE FROM ALICIA R.
I have chosen to write about the EMPLOYMENT-BASED
REENTRY PROGRAMS that crime prevention officials need to
think about when they are reentering these criminals back into
society when they have been locked up in a prison for lets say
10 years. The society can change a lot in 10 years and they
might not be able to handle the change from the time they went
in to the time they get out of prison.
United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world,
and the financial and societal cost associated with the booming

4. prison population has soared in recent years. People who have
spent time in prison or have had other involvements with the
criminal justice system face many obstacles to finding work,
establishing independent lives, and successfully reintegrating
into their families and communities. The need for strategies that
help former prisoners and juvenile offenders better their lives
and stay out of prisons has never been greater. MDRC a
nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization dedicated to
learning what works to improve the lives of disadvantaged
populations — has been working to test the effectiveness of
programs that aim to help former prisoners and youth offenders
overcome barriers to employment and reduce recidivism.
Transitional jobs (TJ) programs provide temporary, wage-
paying jobs, support services, and job placement help to
individuals who have difficulty getting and holding jobs. It is
seen as a promising model for former prisoners, under the
theory that people are best able to learn to work by working. A
large share of MDRC’s criminal justice work involves the
examination of TJ programs, along with other employment-
based programs.
Center for Employment Opportunities’ (CEO) Transitional Jobs
Program in New York City participated in a randomized
evaluation between 2004 and 2006. The MDRC evaluation
found that the program reduced recidivism, especially among
recently released prisoners, and was cost-effective. However,
program participation did not have any significant impact on
employment outcomes. CEO Replication: In recent years, CEO
has made some changes to its TJ program structure, while
keeping its core model intact. MDRC is assessing the enhanced
CEO model in several upstate New York locations, San Diego,
and Tulsa for program fidelity, as compared to the NYC
program.
Transitional Jobs Reentry Demonstration (TJRD) used random
assignment to evaluate programs for recently released prisoners
in four midwestern cities between 2007 and 2010. Despite high
rates of participation in subsidized jobs, the programs did not

5. increase regular employment nor did they decrease recidivism.
The difference in recidivism results from CEO may be due to
differences in time and place and/or differences in the particular
types of TJ models used (CEO participants were placed into
small crews supervised by a staff member, a model that was not
used in any of the TJRD sites).
Enhanced Transitional Jobs Demonstration (ETJD) and
Subsidized and Transitional Employment Demonstration
(STED): MDRC is leading two large-scale federal research
projects ETJD is sponsored by the Dept. of Labor and STED by
the Dept. of Health and Human Services — focused on the next
generation of TJ programs and other forms of subsidized
employment that target former prisoners, among other
disadvantaged groups with barriers to employment. These
randomized evaluations, of up to seven programs each, will
build on the lessons from the CEO and TJRD projects.
The Reintegration of Ex-Offenders (RExO) random assignment
evaluation is testing 24 employment programs for former
prisoners in 18 states to evaluate their impact on employment
outcomes and recidivism. The Department of Labor’s Prisoner
Reentry Initiative funds the programs. MDRC is a subcontractor
in the evaluation, which is being led by Social Policy Research
Associates.
MDRC. (2013, May). mdrc. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from
Criminal and Juvenile Justice Programs: http://mdrc.org