The document discusses the past perfect tense and provides examples of its use. The past perfect is formed using "had" plus the past participle of the main verb. It is used to talk about something that happened before another action in the past. The examples show using the past perfect to discuss events that had already happened before other past actions, such as studying before taking a test or it raining before the ground became wet.

1. Past perfect

2. First I studied. Then I took the test.
After I had studied, I took the test.
I took the test after I had studied.

3. First I did my
homework.
Then I rode my bike
with friends.
When I had done my homework, I rode my bike with friends.
I rode my bike with friends after I had done my homework.

4. The ground was wet. It rained.
Which happened first?
After it had rained, the ground was wet.

5. The ground was wet because it had rained.
El suelo estaba mojado porque había llovido.
It had rained, so the ground was wet.
Había llovido, así que el suelo estaba mojado.

6. The film had already started.I arrived late to the cinema.
When I arrived at the cinema, the film had already started.
Cuando llegué al cine, la película ya había empezado.

7. When he opened his backpack, he realised that he
had forgotten his English book.
opened his backpack
8:30 am 9:05 am
realised he didn’t have his book
Forgot to pack his English book

8. How do we form the past perfect?
had + past participle
I had studied.
I had done my homework.
It had rained.
The film had started.
He had forgotten his book.