The document explains the past perfect tense, which describes an action completed before another past action, using the structure 'had + past participle.' It provides examples and sentence structures to demonstrate the use of time expressions and negation with the past perfect tense. The objective is to help learners understand and apply the past perfect tense in writing about past events and experiences.

1. PAST PERFECT
TENSE

2. OBJECTIVES:
 1. know the past perfect tense;
 2. write about past events and
experiences using the past
perfect; and
 3. do the tasks related to the past
perfect tense.

3. PAST PERFECT TENSE
 The past perfect tense tells about a past
action that was completed before another
past action started.
 In using the past perfect tense, a helping
verb had is added before the past participle.
 The helping verb had is the past form of has
and have.

4.  expresses the idea that an action happened before another
action in the past
 forms by combining had with the past participle of the
main verb
 had + past participle of the main verb (ex. had asked) is
called verb phrase
FORMULA: had + past participle of the main verb
PAST PERFECT TENSE

5. Examples using the Past Perfect Tense of the verb
1. John had called Ana when Mary asked her to
go out.
had + Past Participle.
2. After Anna had set an appointment, Mary
called. had + Past Participle.
PAST PERFECT TENSE

6. Past perfect tense is formed by using the word
“had + past participle”.
In order to better understand the Past Perfect
Tense, you can use “time expression” to
emphasize the completed action.
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

7. Some Examples of Time Expressions
Used with the Past Perfect Tense
Already Yet
For Since
Just After
Before Until
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

8. Sentences:
1. When Judah went to Palawan, he had written a
letter for his Mother. Time had+ Past
Expression
Expression Participle
2. James had arrived at their house before his
mother cooked dinner. had+ Past Time
Participle Expression
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

9. 3. After Dwight had eaten dinner,
he and his brother watched
basketball.
Time had+ Past
ExpressionParticiple
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

10. Sentence structure :
After Anna had eaten rice and hotdogs for
breakfast, she brushed her teeth.
 After – Time Marker
 Anna – Subject
 had eaten – Verb in past perfect tense
 rice and hotdogs – Object
 brushed – Verb in simple past form
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

11. Sentence structure :
Mark and Mely had painted the bedroom walls
blue before their first baby was born.
 Mark and Mely – Subject
 had painted – Verb in past perfect tense
 walls – Object
 before – Time Marker
 walls – Verb in simple past form
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

12. Sentence structure :
The visitors had brought gifts for the
orphans while the nuns organized the
children’s party.
 visitors – Subject
 had brought – Verb in past perfect tense
 gifts – Object
 while – Time Marker
 organized – Verb in simple past form
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

13. Note: The time markers can be placed at
the beginning or middle of the sentence.
Use of negation in a sentence: We use
the word “not” or “never” to express
negation.
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

14. Example:
While Clark went to see the
basketball game, Kent had not
seen it because of his busy
schedule.
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE

15. PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE
Example:
The culprit had not admitted his
crime until the court trial
ended.

16. Example:
Claire had not practiced the
song before she sang it in front
of the audience.
PAST PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE