The Behavioral, Humanistic, And Cognitive Approach

The Behavioral, Humanistic, And Cognitive Approach
There are a few different approaches to how psychologists view things. These include but are not
limited to, the behavioral, humanistic, and cognitive approaches. Each approach treats things
differently. These different approaches stem from psychologists who didn't think each other was
right and so they each came up with their own way of viewing things. None of these approaches are
wrong, but they just differ from one another. Jake was diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, but these
three approaches have different views on the origins and the treatment of his anxiety.
The first of these approaches is the behavioral approach. Behaviorists tend to focus on the things we
can actually see, the physical side of things, and follow classical and operant conditioning. In Jakes
case, the psychologists would say that Jake's anxiety stems from the environment around him
directly. Jakes anxiety would be coming directly from his college classes. The fact that they are
stress inducing proves this to the behavioral perspective. The UCS would be the classes or, harder
work, the UCR would be the anxiety, and then when paired together the conditioned stimulus is the
classes and the conditioned response is the anxiety. As far as treatment goes, from a behavioral
perspective negative and positive reinforcement would ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Humanists tend to relate everything back to the patient, and to unlock or show them their full
potential, because they believe everyone has that untapped potential. They would try to help Jake
mature in his emotions and be the best he could be. They would push Jake to come to face with
whatever his stressor is, be then exposed more so to it, so that he wouldn't be so stressed out by it all
the time. They might try to get Jake to realize and unlock a potential he didn't know he had, a
potential that enabled him to complete these harder classes with
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Behaviorism And Humanistic-Existential Approach In Psychology
Our world's today is full with violence from all across the countries. What causes these violence to
happen? Will it ever be stopped? Violence isn't just taken place only in city streets. It happens in
schools, churches, and small towns. Behaviorism and humanistic–existential approach are probably
the main theories of why some humans are so violent. It may not be surprised that humans are one
of the most aggressive species compared to any other animals. Behaviorism is shaped by the
environment and what we learn from our experiences. B.F. Skinner has contributed to behaviorism
in 1904–1990. He said that we behave the way we do because we have been reinforced for doing so.
At a young age we all had to learn how to write and if we did good then our parents would say
something like "Good job" or "You can do it." Skinner trained rats to turn in circles, climb ladders,
and push toys across the floor. He had shown us that any animals and humans could be taught and
turn into whatever you want them to be by learning through reinforcement. Humans are the same as
animals, but the only difference is qualitative. Skinner's experiment has shown that people could be
influenced by the environment they are surrounded with. Some people could be in a totally bad
environment than others and could ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Existentialism emphasized our freedom and choices. The phycologists wanted the clients to believe
that everyone had a capacity for making their own decisions. All humans have the ability to make
any decisions and also have the responsibility for their actions. If they decided to make a wrong
decision, they should be aware for their future event and able to control it. Some people make bad
decisions all the time and don't know how handle them the right

Patch Adams: Humanistic Approach To Personality
Born on May 28, 1945, Patch Adams is a famous American physician, social activist, and author.
The life Patch Adams and the creation of Gesundheit! Institute is documented in the 1998 film of
the same name. Patch Adams was portrayed by the late actor Robin Williams. In Patch Adams,
Patch's personality changes a lot from beginning to end. At the beginning of of the movie, Patch has
committed himself to a mental institute. By the end of the movie, however, Patch has graduated
from Law school and is fulfilled his dream to help those in need. I am going to base Patch's
transformation off of the Humanistic Approach to Personality. The Humanistic Approach was
created by pioneers such as Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. They believed that all humans are
inherently good, and that personality comes from positive internal factors. For example, in Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs, people want to reach their full potential, or want reach Self–Actualization, the
highest pillar of Maslow's Hierarchy. Though the Humanistic Approach cannot be proved by
concrete empirical of scientific data, I believe that much of Patch Adam's transformation in the
movie can be attributed to it. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this, Patch finds a purpose for his life, leaves the mental institute, and enrolls into Medical School
to become a doctor. Patch's dream is to treat others not only physically, but emotionally and
psychologically. Patch wants to use his humorous and kind–hearted personality to comfort the
afflicted. This dream to become a doctor drives him, to succeed. In terms of Maslow's Hierarchy,
Patch achieving his dream of helping others is much like achieving his own self–actualization.
Much like Maslow's theories, Patch appears to be an inherently good person and is trying to reach is
full

Comparison of Behaviorism and the Humanistic Approach
It is said that humanistic psychology was developed upon the limitations of behaviourism. The
humanistic approach is often referred to as the "third force" in psychology coming after
psychoanalysis and behaviourism; it is an alternative approach to psychology (Maslow, 1968). It
offered a more wholesome approach to psychology at the time in comparison to behaviourism and
psychoanalysis. This essay will compare and contrast behaviourism and humanistic psychology; it
will focus on their contributions to psychological theory and their applications in the real world.
"Why don't we make what can be observed the real field of psychology" (Watson, 1929). Watson
(1878–1958) was born into a poor family in South Carolina. His mother was a religious woman, and
his father drank a lot and had multiple affairs (Watson, 1999). Watson himself married twice, having
two children in each marriage. He didn't seem to have good relationships with his children – it is
said that one of the main reasons for this may be because he used his children throughout his
research. He studied in the University of Chicago where he later became known as the founder of
Behaviourism. He wrote an essay in 1914 titled "Psychology as the Behaviourist views it" where he
stated that behaviourism is an objective experimental branch of natural science (Watson, 1914).
Behaviourism is a theory of learning that argues that all behaviours are acquired through
conditioning (Carver & Scheier, 2012). Behaviourists believe

Humanistic Approach
When diagnosing a person with anxiety, there are many factors that go into consideration. As much
thought that the diagnosis contains, so does the approach in how to properly treat the patient of this
disorder. The first approach that seems to be the most positive, in my opinion of course, is the
humanistic approach. From this viewpoint, the professional providing the treatment may feel that
the origin of Jake's disorder would begin at the discouragement he may be feeling specifically as he
is embarkinging on this new challenge for harder courses. A treatment from the humanistic approach
would most likely just be trying to reinforce positive attitudes about the challenging courses to give
Jake more of a motivation, so he's also willing to have

Carl Ransom Rogers: Humanistic Approach To Psychology
INTRODUCTION
Carl Ransom Rogers was an influential American psychologist. He was one of the founders of the
Humanistic approach to psychology. Rogers was born on January 8, 1902. His father was a civil
engineer while his mother was a homemaker. He had five siblings and he was the fourth one.
Originally, he planned to study agriculture at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, with an
undergraduate focus on history and religion. In school, his interests shifted away from agriculture
and toward religion. After receiving his bachelor's degree in 1924, he entered a liberal Protestant
seminary in New York City.
Rogers spent two years in seminary before transferring to Columbia University Teachers College.
Rogers received his master's in 1928 and a Ph.D. in clinical psychology in 1931. While completing
his doctoral work, he engaged in child study. In 1930, Rogers served as director of the Society for
the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in Rochester, New York. ... Show more content on
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When children start going to kindergarten, they are being taught to write their names firstly. This is
the beginning of the development of their 'self'. They feel being attached when the teacher calls
them by their names. It gives them a sense of identity and uniqueness. They recognize themselves as
individuals and beings with a different identity and thus it consequently leads to the development of
a positive self–image.
According to Roger's concept of unconditional positive regard, language can be used to teach
expressions of courtesy and kindness to the learners. When they will be taught to use greetings in
classroom situations, they will automatically learn to give unconditional positive regard in real life
situations as well. Using Communicative Approach to language teaching the students could be asked
to greet people whom they are meeting for the first time, to five a good impression to

The Humanistic Approach To Psychology
Humanism, also known as the phenomenological approach, is a contemporary approach to
psychology that focuses on the "whole person". It stresses the idea that a person is an individual and
is unique. Humanists look at behavior through the eyes of the person, not as an observer. Everyone
needs to be treated differently based on their unique personality. They believe that a person's
behavior is determined by their perception of the world around them, not their environment or
genetics. Humanism begins with the belief that people have free will, or personal agency as it's
called in humanism, and that all people are inherently good. It is believed that everyone wants to
make themselves and the world a better place. They have a natural born drive to fulfill their
maximum potential. Humanism emphasizes personal worth and basic human values. Humanists are
not concerned about instinctual drive, external forces, or past experiences. Instead humanists use the
ideas of love, fulfillment, self–worth, and independence to help people as they are the basic human
wants. Humanism rose to prominence in the mid–20th century. American psychologists Abraham
Maslow and Clark Moustakas met with other psychologists in 1957 and 1958 to discuss developing
an organization devoted to a different approach to mainstream psychology. They wanted self–
actualization, creativity, health and individuality to be the major focuses of the approach. In 1961,
with assistance from Brandeis University, the

Humanistic Approach
Comparing and analyzing the biological and humanistic approaches to personality can be a
difference of opinions. Abraham Maslow studied the development of personality. Maslow developed
his own personality theory based on the basic human needs. His hierarchy of needs pyramid shows
the influences of human needs to the formation of unique individual personality. There are
biological factors that influence the formation of individual personality that play a factor. By
reviewing the relationships between biological factors and Maslow 's theory of personality you will
be able to see focused similarities and it's upcoming. Analyzing the basic aspects of the humanistic
theory with the biological explanations of personality will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
According to Maslow, the biological factors are important to the personality theory. Physiological
and biological needs in conjunction depend upon the same things. Physiological needs are the very
basic needs such as air, water, food, sleep, sex, etc. When these are not satisfied people may feel
sickness, irritation, pain, discomfort, etc. These feelings motivate people to focus on alleviating
them as soon as possible to establish homeostasis. Once the feelings are alleviated, people may
think about other things. The body needs are biological and consists of the needs for air, food, water
and a temperature range as do the physiological needs. These needs can be very strong because if
deprived over time, the person will die. The relationship of the biological factors to personality is
important because an individual is ready to act upon the growth needs if and only if the deficiency
needs are met. When the needs are met people attempt to get more accomplished, therefore causing
them to generate their very own personality traits. Looking at the basic aspects of humanistic theory,
it is somewhat incompatible with the biological explanations of personality. According to the
biological explanation of personality, the general idea of Maslow's hierarchy is that everyone is born
with specific needs. If people do not meet those base needs, they are unable to

Qualitative Research : A Humanistic Or Idealistic Approach
Qualitative research focuses on understanding a research query as a humanistic or idealistic
approach. This type of research is used to understand people's beliefs, attitudes, behavior, and
interactions (Pathak, Jena, & Kalra, 2013). Qualitative research includes an "array of interpretive
techniques which seek to describe, decode, translate, and otherwise come to terms with the meaning,
not the frequency, of certain more or less naturally occurring phenomena in the social world
(Cooper & Schindler, 2014)." This type of research is highly criticized as "unscientific" because it
lacks scientific rigor, but through appropriate research design, data collection, interpretation, and
communication the rigor of qualitative research is ensured (Mays & Pope, 1995; Whittemore,
Chase, & Mandle, 2001). Some types of qualitative research that are ordinarily undertaken are
individual or group interviews, focus groups, and case studies (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). NCR
Corporation has made the decision to move its corporate headquarters from Dayton, Ohio to Duluth
Georgia. Duluth is a suburb of Atlanta with a population of 26,600, with their average age being
35.5 and average income being $60,161 (United States Census Bureau , 2013). This combined with
tax incentives, a large educated workforce, and significant connections to global markets are the
reasons NCR has given for undertaking this transition. This move follows a trend of major
American companies relocating their headquarters and

Criticisms Of A Humanistic Psychodynamic Approach
There can be many criticisms for humanistic therapy. This approach can be thought of as too
positive at times, in regards to human behavior. With a humanistic approach individuals are assumed
to be naturally good and will decide to follow the most positive way of doing things, by either
making themselves and the world around them a better place (Mcleod, 2015). Choice and free will
at times can be limited to some people, which then can make the application of this approach
difficult. According to McLeod, " Humanistic psychologists argue that objective reality is less
important than a person's subjective perception and understanding of the world ." (Mcleod, 2015).
This can cause issues when trying to develop treatment and study it, different factors must be taken
into consideration. This means that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The client–centered method is no longer defined in terms of specific techniques or modes of
response, but rather in terms of certain basic attitudes (Gendlin, 1962 as cited in Rogers, 1957,
1959). With the isolation of schizophrenic patients and also the fact that these patients were assigned
psychotherapy involuntarily , would account for their characteristic refusals, silences, and absence
of verbal exploration, as previously mentioned. (Gendlin, 1962). According to Gendlin, the attitudes
of the therapists had the tendency to greatly increase patients reactions and behaviors, and as such,
lead to modifications in their psychotherapy process. Second, the genuine expressiveness of the of
the therapist is significant as well. It is important for the therapist to express themselves in a way
that they clearly state their feelings at the time, without judgment. It can be said that when therapists
take this approach they have the ability to often solidify and continue relationships by expressing
themselves openly and being genuine. (Gendlin,

Google's Approach : The Humanistic Approach
From looking at these approaches, Google's approach is the humanistic approach, which is why they
care a lot about their employees, and they use people analytics
Another important thing discovered was what human resource philosophy should be based on,
which is also a very integral thing to know and understand before going on and focusing on the
philosophies Google has implied into their company
This is that HR philosophy should be based on the following beliefs:
"Human beings are the most important assets in the organization.
Human beings can be developed to a great extent as they have creative energy, which is utilized
only partially.
Human beings feel committed to their work in the organization if they develop belongingness with
it.
Human beings are likely to develop a feeling of belongingness if the organization takes care of them
and their need satisfaction.
Human beings contribute to the maximum if they get an opportunity to discover their full potential
and to use it.
It is the responsibility of the organization to create healthy and motivating work climate
characterized by openness, enthusiasm, trust, mutually, and collaboration" (academia.com, 63)
These statements suggest that a human resources department should focus mainly on people, which
is exactly what Google does. I mentioned all of this to enable you to compare the requirements to
what Google does, and to understand Google's HRM philosophies better.
This is why Google has taken their time with their

Humanistic Approach To Medicine
Three years ago, I came to U.S. to fulfill my dream of becoming a doctor. During my time in
Phoenix, I have come to embrace and love my new home. My desire to provide quality healthcare
and improve the lives of those in my community has remained steadfast throughout these years. I
am particularly interested in assisting the huge population of refugee families that resides in the
phoenix area. With the service learning projects such as the student–run clinics that serve uninsured
and underserved communities, combined with the level of training your program offers, I will be
able to attain the skills necessary to provide the community with impeccable service. This
humanistic approach to medicine aligns with my belief that it is our responsibility

Humanistic Approach To Psychotherapy
With my limited knowledge of the areas of psychotherapy I would have to agree that the humanistic
approach is the best therapeutic model that keeps the session's absolutely client centered. With the
vast amount of psychotherapies offered today it is difficult to narrow down which one is the most
important to a client. However, the humanistic approach mainly focuses on the study of the whole
person and through the eyes of that particular client. With this knowledge I would have to say that
this approach is one of the better areas is psychotherapy for a client. The humanistic approach
includes all aspects of the client's experiences and works directly with those experiences to help
with the agenda for these sessions. The two biggest elements

A Humanistic Counselling Approach For Self Knowledge And...
Introduction As a humanistic counselling approach, person–centred therapy emphasises the potential
for self–knowledge and personal growth (Corey, 2009). It views the deviation from one's inherent
goodness as a source of psychological problems, in turn aiming to increase one's self–awareness to
help them direct their life in more satisfying ways (Cooper, 2003). With the person–centred
approach being more an attitude than a set of definitive techniques, a better understanding of its
process is formed through connecting theory and practice. As such, this case study aims to apply the
person–centred approach to a fictional client based around Lester Burnham from American Beauty
(Cohen, Jinks & Mendes, 1999). Initially, an introduction to the client will be presented, followed
by the assumptions, assessment, and goals formed when working with him from a person–centred
perspective. Several hypothetical helping sessions will then be presented. The Presenting Problem
Lester is a 40–year–old man referred to me for counselling by his doctor. He is currently married
and lives with his wife, Carolyn, and their 16–year–old daughter Jane. He is employed as a fast food
attendant (Cohen, Jinks & Mendes, 1999). At the initial examination Lester dresses untidily and
unshaven, and avoids eye contact. Lester reports an overall feeling of unhappiness (Cohen, Jinks &
Mendes, 1999). He stated that he has become reckless and self–destructive and worried about some
of his recent life decisions.

Humanistic Psychodynamic Approach To Anxiety Disorder
Anyone could have anxiety especially when they that person is in college. Jake being diagnosed
with anxiety disorder because his classes have gotten harder is completely normal. A behavioral
psychologist, a cognitive psychologist and a humanistic psychologist would all look at this problem
differently. A behavioral approach would look at stimulus and response, a humanistic approach
would look at his free will, and a cognitive approach would look at his intelligence. A behavioral
perspective is studying behavior of the person by looking at the stimulus and the response.
Therefore, a behavioral psychologist would focus on Jake's environment and his behavior to try and
find a treatment. He would watch his behavior mostly and try and figure out

Carl Rogers Humanistic Psychodynamic Approach
EXISTENTIAL–HUMANISTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY
In the 1960's a new momentum in counselling known as the third force spawned. This force became
known as the existential humanist approach developed by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Like
most psychologists of his era; Carl Rogers trained psychodynamically (Prochaska & Norcross
2010). However, he didn't stay psychodynamic for long. Rogers disagreed with many of Freud's
presumptions about therapy and more fundamentally, about people. Along with Abraham Maslow,
Rogers pioneered the humanistic movement in psychology. The humanistic approach assumes that
people arrive with an inborn tendency to grow, otherwise known as self–actualisation and presumes
that if a person's environment fosters it, self–actualisation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
These theories have a spotlight on the emotional and inner experience and view the client as the
expert of their circumstances; they allow clients to express their cultural and faith–based beliefs in
an empathetic, open and warm environment. The prominence of distinctiveness, autonomy and self–
actualisation could disaffect clients who may feel oppressed or who are from a society believing in
"the common good". Additionally, clients who are accustomed to an indirect style of conversation
may feel awkward and troublesome; however, when thinking about adversity, death and purpose, the
existentialist theory can support clients to explore and expand their faith and spirituality (Corey,

Biological And Humanistic Approach To Personality
Biological and Humanistic ApproachePersonality is distinctive characteristics inherited and
uniquely possessed by each individual. It makes us very different in our emotions, thought patterns,
as well as our behaviors. The Creator God has given each of us a sense of uniqueness and there is no
one else like us. It means that there is a particular characteristic in our personality that will describe
who we are. As we studied personality, we found out there are eight crucial aspects in which will
help us to grasp the meaning of an individual's complex nature. Maslow (1982) wrote in his journal
about his self–actualized friends, "all at the top & yet all limited; the top are far from perfect" (p.
328). In this paper, the discussion is about ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When it came to the nature of human beings, it was best to be optimistic because the focus is
primarily on the ability of human beings having conscious and rational thinking. This way
individual would be able to achieve full potential and control biological urges. The viewpoint of the
humanistic theory is every person is responsible for his or her life and actions; they have a free will
to change their behavior and attitude. The biological theory relates the internal organs namely the
brain and genes that human beings have not controlled over. The humanistic approach fails to show
the evil side of individuals' life.
Eysenck belief was the primary determinate of personality is genetics. "All in all, if certain aspects
of personality are indeed based on biologically induced temperament, then we should expect to see
such differences in all cultures. Indeed, the introversion–extroversion dimension does seem to
appear worldwide "(Eysenck, 1990, p.

Humanistic Approach Analysis
Good evening, Owen.
Thank you for your response. I have read a couple of responses, and they are similar, in that they
mention that professional educators mix and match approaches to curriculum, more than, perhaps,
stick to one flavor. I mentioned in my post that I began as a supporter of the behavioral approach to
curriculum. Yet, now, I am full time teacher of record in a prime example of the humanistic
approach–and I love it. I am an engineer by spirit, so I tend toward the behavior and systems
approaches by nature. However, I've been involved in the International Baccalaureate curriculum for
the past 6 years, first as a parent, then as a substitute in the classroom, and currently as teacher of
record for Middle School Science. I've watched my own children mature in the system, and then
fail, because of their point of entry. I've seen other children mature from Kindergarten to Middle
School and have noticed the difference between those who started here in Kindergarten and those
who came within two years prior to Middle School.
Having said all that, I feel that I have had the opportunity to experience the behavioral approach to
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, I am proud to say our school is a C rating despite the testing. Ornstein and Hunkins
(2017) noted that the behavioral approach was "based on a plan...a blueprint...or document". They
noted that learning outcomes were evaluated in relation to the goals and objective put into place.
More significantly, Ornstein and Hunkins offered Frederick Taylor's "Machine Theory" as a
comparison to the efficiency and effective nature expected from the behavioral approach (p. 2).
Don't get me wrong, I still see potential in the behavioral approach to curriculum–but children are
not

Maslow 's Humanistic Approach Theory
Maslow's Humanistic Approach theory was based solely on what motivates people to reach our
highest potential. He believed that individuals have set motivation systems and individuals achieve a
set of needs by passing these motivation systems. Maslow believed these stages were set in a
hierarchal order and that the lowest system must be accomplished before moving up. He believed
there to be eight stages in his hierarchy. He believed that every person is capable to move up the
hierarchy as long as there basic needs are encountered and they have the desire to reach the highest
potential. According to Maslow, only a small percentage of the population reaches the level of self–
actualisation (NetMBA, 2002). The first stage of Maslow's hierarchy ... Show more content on
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Until she meets a man that can provide this basic need in life, she will continue feeling lonely and
will continue being desperate for this need. Sex can help boost your spirits through mood–elevating
endorphins. Without the benefit of these natural pick–me–ups, you might be prone to feeling low
(Streicher, 2017). Even though she has dated men in the past, they have not met her needs in a man
and therefore she has not been motivated to move up the hierarchy. Even when she thought she
found a man that met her standards, she would still end up hurt and would fall down the hierarchy
back to stage one. It is proven in the scenario that Ruth also likes her men intelligent, as she believes
that if this individual is intelligent, they will understand her as an individual better and they will
pursue and motivate her to reach the self–actualisation that she needs. When Ruth believed she
found 'the one' and continued to chat online with him for hours upon hours, her basic need for sex
was skipped until she met him in person as she believed that all of her other basic needs were
already met. The next stage that Ruth had to undergo in this relationship were her safety needs. As
she continued to talk to him online and did not have any sense of suspiciousness towards him not
being whom he said he was, her safety needs towards him were encountered. They safety needs
were also met when Ruth gave out her address for her new online chatter to send her gifts, as she
believed that she was

Scientific And Humanistic Approachs Of Scientific Research
Leslie White, Edward Wilson, Clifford Geertz, and Sally Slocum demonstrate different scientific
and humanistic approaches, as they explore how humans should be studied and understood. In order
to further understand the scientific and humanistic approaches of these social scientist, a more in
depth examination at how these different approaches are defined is essential. Erickson and Murphy
(2013) establish science as a system in which "people and God are treated as secondary to nature"
and humanism as "God and nature treated as secondary to people." However I would argue against
these descriptions; I think both approaches are scientific in nature, if science is as seen as a
particular method of accumulating data that reaches toward answering particular questions. Both
approaches collect information in order to answer researchers questions. Where these approaches
seem to differ, is how or what kind of questions the researcher is looking to answer and the
information or data the researcher collects. In a scientific approach pertaining to anthropology and
social sciences, the researcher is interested in collecting concrete and quantitative data, and they are
looking for formulas and specific explanations to social phenomenas that can be applied for various
humans and cultures. This approach is seen in Leslie White and Edward Wilson's theoretical works
on humans and culture. In contrast a humanistic approach focuses more on qualitative data and
meaning; researchers turn to

Humanistic Therapy Theory
The therapeutic approach I have chosen to help Maggie overcome her depression is humanistic
therapy. I chose humanistic therapy because first, I like the idea of creating a relationship with your
client to enhance their self–worth. Second, I like how the therapist genuinely cares about the patient
and doesn't necessarily have to prescribe medications or just see their patient as another dollar sign.
The humanistic approach is different than the psychodynamic approach because humanist tend to
listen to what their patients have to say and the patient will direct where the therapy session will
lead. However, a psychodynamic therapist already has a conversation thought out and he or she will
determine where the therapy session will go. As a humanistic therapist, the main issues I need to
discuss is her work life, attitudes towards friends or loved ones, and her inner thoughts. To start off,
the first red flag that I see observing Maggie's case is her occupation. She is said to always strive for
the best when it comes to being a medical resident. However, continuously doing work without
having time for herself could be a real problem sanity wise. Furthermore, she has been with irritable
and snippy to her coworkers especially her husband. If she continues this behavior she might lose a
bond with her work colleagues and loved ones. Lastly, her personal thoughts about her performance
or behavior could be draining on a person with depression. When these negative thoughts continue
to circulate especially with her condition it could influence her to distance herself and probably push
her to suicide. The humanistic approach would view and understand by looking at the person from a
whole perspective, instead of a specific point of view shown through sessions by observing their
behavior. Humanists view Maggie's depression as what is holding her back from becoming the best
version of herself. Humanists would believe that Maggie's depression is a result of her inability to
cope with personal circumstances or her inability to have balance in her life. Humanists would
understand her depression by listening to her thoughts and feelings. Maggie is the conductor of the
conversation and humanistic therapists are the listeners

Biological vs Humanistic Approach to Personality
Running head: BIOLOGICAL VS HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO PERSONALITY Biological vs.
Humanistic Approach to Personality Lawrence Sawyer University of Phoenix Biological vs.
Humanistic Approach to Personality As several styles are used to define the personality, two are
often used to subsidize another approach. Both biological and humanistic approaches are typically
used as under tones. Evolutionary/genetic perspectives do not generally account for the biological
mechanisms between genes and personality. Theorists use biological processes in an attempt to fill
in the gap between personality and genetics by inferring, theorizing and researching biological links
with behavior. Anatomical approach examines functions of various structures of brain. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Children often display the signs of insecurity and the need to be safe. Needs of Love, Affection and
Belongingness are needs for safety and for physiological well–being are satisfied; the next class of
needs for love, affection and belongingness can emerge. Maslow states that people seek to
overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. This involves both giving and receiving love,
affection and the sense of belonging. Needs for Esteem–When the first three classes of needs are
satisfied, the needs for esteem can become dominant. These involve needs for both self–esteem and
for the esteem a person gets from others. Humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high level
of self–respect, and respect from others. When these needs are satisfied, the person feels self–
confident and valuable as a person in the world. When these needs are frustrated, the person feels
inferior, weak, helpless and worthless. Needs for Self–Actualization–When all of the foregoing
needs are satisfied, then and only then are the needs for self–actualization activated. Maslow
describes self–actualization as a person's need to be and do that which the person was "born to do."
"A musician must make music, an artist must paint, and a poet must write." These needs make
themselves felt in signs of restlessness. The person feels on edge, tense, lacking something, in short,
restless. If a person is hungry, unsafe, not loved or accepted, or lacking

Armchair: A Post Humanistic Approach
(Field work: 55) stated that Armchair are the anthropologist who depends on information collected
from anybody. T.B Tylor and Frazier introduced this method. Their method was used to collect
data's from missionaries, explorers, and colonial administrators, due the lack of enough evidence,
they were criticized by some other researchers who later subjected those data's to scientific
examinations.
Humanistic approach (Field work: 55) Is informing us that Franz and Boaz introduced this method
of using the human being through the social encounter. Was done by studying human being and
could only be done by observing people.
Field Work
In 1883, several anthropologist introduced field work method. Boaz Roman and Rubel, and several
others. Their goal was to develop cultural pictures and abolish strange ways which existed in before
to avoid outside influence ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Field work: 55) The Insider cultural facts do not give a clear perception of stranger and outsider
culture organize and identify and understand environment according to ( Ukaegbu.2004,48–56) The
outsider has cultural events while the outsider has only imaginations of the insider.
Post Modernism
This method involves a critical examination of an old approach to field work and includes
participations in people's live that to observe the inevitability of human progress and their potential
reason so that to address solid facts physical and social situations which bring an agreeable solid
idea. (Wolcott, 1995). Inductive and Deductive
Live Science/Alina Bradford/ Live Science Contributor March 232015 Inductive is a method used
to determine nature of scientific problems and make hypothesis through testing and theories of
particular situations, generalize by observing to image a general explanation of a theory. Deductive
reasoning, on the other hand, is the opposite or inductive it has a valid argument. This method starts
general ideas and tests the possibilities to reach a

Experiential Family Therapy : A Humanistic And Existential...
Experiential family therapy is a humanistic and existential based approach that was founded by Carl
Whitaker throughout the 1960's. Other leading figures who contributed to the development of
experiential therapy include: Thomas Malone, John Warkentin, Richard Felder, and Virginia Satir.
Two well–known therapeutic approaches have grown from Whitaker's concepts; these include
emotionally focused couples therapy by Leslie Greenberg and Susan Johnson, and internal family
systems therapy by Richard Swartz. In developing experiential therapy, Whitaker drew from many
concepts including: Gestalt therapy, psychodrama, and client–centered approaches. Carl Whitaker
ultimately believed in the emotional experience of all family members. What may have been
brought into therapy as the presenting problem, may not even be the focus of the therapist's
treatment plan. Although many consider early experiential therapy to be quite ambiguous, Whitakers
concepts have shown to be quite effective in working with families.
Experiential Family Therapy Carl Whitaker began his work in psychiatry, studying mental illness in
families. He realized that parents often try to overregulate their child's actions and emotions.
Children who are overregulated often suppress their feelings and emotions in order to avoid parental
criticism. Nichols (2013) explains "Existential family therapy is founded on the premise that the
root cause of family problems is emotional suppression." (pg. 145). Whitaker believed

Humanistic Approach To Psychotherapy
During my earlier years as undergraduate, I recall being very interested in the humanistic approach
to psychotherapy, simply because it was congenial to the person I was at that time. I was deeply
interested in the concepts of free will, self–concept, self–actualization, and most importantly,
conditions of worth. In addition, when I considered the type of therapist I would have been the most
willing to do therapeutic work with, I tended to think of a therapist with a humanistic orientation.
However, I was quite naïve and discredited the other theoretical orientations.
While taking two upper upper–division courses (i.e., Clinical Psychology History and Systems), I
began to get more exposure to other perspectives. As a result, I became more

Person Centered Therapy : A Humanistic Approach
Person–Centered Theory
Brian L. Brooks II
Lindenwood University
Abstract
Person–centered therapy was founded by Carl Rogers in the 1940s. Person–centered therapy was a
humanistic approach different than Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytical theory. Person–centered
therapy was a non–directive approach where counselors guided their clients towards self–
actualization in hopes of attaining fulfillment. Rogers (1979) had an optimistic view of the client's
ability to achieve fulfillment under the proper environment. Person–centered therapy counselors
were active listeners guiding the client towards a self–awareness of their needs and goals. Person–
centered therapy has influenced many modern approaches including emotion–focused therapy. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
35).
Rogers (1979) stated "Persons in an environment infused with the attitudes, develop more self–
understanding, more self–confidence, more ability to choose their behaviors" (p. 106). Cooper and
McLeod (2010) agreed with Carl Rogers and emphasized "At the heart of person–centered
approach, then, is an understanding that human beings want and need different things, and that an
individual's distinctive wants and needs should be given precedence over any generalized
theories..." (p. 214). This new therapeutic focus was quite different from the common
psychoanalytical theory of Sigmund Freud. Rogers (1979) believed "Irresponsible or socially
undesirable behavior emerges from defensiveness that alienates human beings from their own
nature" (p. 117). Counselors were no longer in charge of leading a client to specific goals. Rogers
(1979) instead believed "As defensiveness declines and people become more open to their own
experiences, they will strive for meaningful and constructive relationships" (p. 117). Rogers
believed in creating an environment to help the client achieve whatever the client was hoping to
achieve.
Theory Overview
Person–centered therapy consists of three focal points: A safe environment, a client's autonomy and
a counselor's guidance. It is important to understand how each one's importance is critical to a
successful person–centered

Compare And Contrast Psychodynamic And Humanistic Approach
Every dream is a meaningful as a whole facing how the brain works, rem sleep, mental simulations,
and extra natural dreams. Dreams are about emotion conflicts feeling in the central brain
constructing all aspects of the dream creation. Dreams are live consciousness taking place in the
living moment as to waking consciousness. People dream five times the same conflict over the
course of the night. Although dreams happen in REM sleep in the deepest stage of sleep dreams
reveal the structure of how we visualize our lives and study our own dream.
Stage one the brain produces alpha and theta waves and eye movement starts to slow down
introducing sleep and lasting up to seven minutes. Stage two, is fairly light the brain begins to
produce increased brain waves more constantly. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This approach is based on the fact that individuals have free will allowing them to make their own
decisions in life. Psychodynamic and humanistic approach to dreaming share an relationship.
Humanistic approaches are samliares to the psychodynamic approach. The two approaches focus on
the internal thought process of the mind that explains dreaming. Both approaches show that
dreaming is about the self and always has to do with the individual having them. Individuals will
always be present in some way or form in their dreams. Psychodynamic approaches are focused on
the unconsciousness wish, on the other hand humanistic approach leans towards how the self deals
with external environments and stimuli. The self is depicted as being at the threshold state of
disequilibrium or disorganization. Dreaming is done by the unconscious wish or the biological
process, however those who take a behavioral approach to dreaming focus on the whole human
organism. Some people remember all their dreams others don't remember anything. People need to
be awake for them to encode their dreams into

Experiential Family Therapy : A Humanistic And Existential...
Introduction Experiential family therapy is a humanistic and existential based approach that was
founded by Carl Whitaker throughout the 1960's. Other leading figures who contributed to the
development of experiential therapy include: Thomas Malone, John Warkentin, Richard Felder, and
Virgina Satir. Two well–known therapeutic approaches have grown from Whitaker's concepts; these
include emotionally focused couples therapy by Leslie Greenberg and Susan Johnson, and internal
family systems therapy by Richard Swartz. In developing experiential therapy, Whitaker drew from
many concepts including: Gestalt therapy, psychodrama, and client–centered approaches. Carl
Whitaker ultimately believed in the emotional experience of all family members. What may have
been brought into therapy as the presenting problem, may not even be the focus of the therapist's
treatment plan. Although many consider early experiential therapy to be quite ambiguous, Whitakers
concepts have shown to be quite effective in working with families.
Experiential Family Therapy Carl Whitaker began his work in psychiatry, studying mental illness in
families. He realized that parents often try to overregulate their child's actions and emotions.
Children who are overregulated often suppress their feelings and emotions in order to avoid parental
criticism.Experiential therapy first addresses internal feelings, which helps each member lower their
defenses and become more connected within the family. Whitaker also

Person-Centred Therapy : One Of The Humanistic Approach To...
Person–Centred Therapy is known as one of the 'humanistic' approaches to therapy. Developed by
Carl Rogers (1902–1987), it is rooted in the understanding that an individual knows what they need
to be a happy, fully functioning human being capable of growth and change (Mearns & Thorne,
2013).
Person–Centred Therapy does not aim to find a speedy recovery, it aims to find a recovery that will
last well after sessions have ended. It does this by focusing on the long–term development of the
client (Mearns & Thorne, 2013).
When looking at the Person–Centred Approach to counselling, this cannot be done without looking
at both the important figures that paved the way for this approach, discussing its origins and
evaluating how it helps to shape society at present.
When Carl Rogers died in 1987, he left behind a legacy that has been invaluable to counsellors since
its first introduction to the field of Psychology in 1940's. He is known as the founder of the Person–
Centred Approach, which, in its infancy, was originally called 'non–directive therapy'. This later
evolved into client–centred therapy and finally Person–Centred Therapy as it is known today.
Rogers began developing his theory in the 1940's and at that time, the most popular forms of
psychology were psychoanalysis and behaviourism, popularised by psychologists such as Sigmund
Freud and John Watson. Watson's behaviourism was based on the idea that clients had been taught
and conditioned to think and behave in a manner

Carl Rogers : A Humanistic Approach
Being self–centered refers to a person who is obsessed and preoccupied with his or her own affairs.
This attitude comes across as a person most individuals would not want to encounter, yet there are
some psychologists such as Carl Rogers, who believe that people needed to be self–centered. As a
result he created what is known today as the self–centered theory. Carl Rogers believed that being
self–centered is essential to the client's personal growth of self–esteem. Rogers's theory can be
broken down into many steps. All of these steps help the main purpose of his work, self–concept.
This theory consists of many components all starting with this basics of his approach. Carl Roger's
self–centered theory was accredited through a humanistic approach. A humanistic approach in
psychology emphasizes empathy and stresses the greater good in an individual's behavior. Carl
Rogers is considered one of the founders to the humanistic approach in psychology. Rogers
constructed his research through Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Maslow's research on self–
actualization was the point in a person's life where he/she has overcome his/her difficulties and are
able to move forward in life. This influenced Roger's research he expanded what Maslow called
self–actualization into a self–concept. This meant our self– concept was congruent with ideas about
his/herself match his/her actual experiences.
Carl Rogers not only had a humanistic approach, but he allowed the client full control of

Difference Between Humanistic Geography and Positivistic...
Difference Between Humanistic Geography and Positivistic Approach
There are definite differences between positivism and humanistic methods that geographers use.
Positivism, which has it's roots in quantitative theories, excludes the human element and includes
such fundamentals as cumulative data. Humanistic geography has it's roots in qualitative procedures
and focuses on the combination of research with the people.
Positivism is a rigorous and formal way to collect and analyze data that was developed around the
1960's by Auguste Comte (1798–1857) who is also credited with formalizing it. Studies are clear
and straight forward and researchers believe that there is only one method that all sciences should
rely on. Positivism believes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Within the humanistic views there are several different ways of thinking; pragmatism,
phenomenology, existentialism, and idealism. While existentialism and idealism have not been very
influential in geography, pragmatism and phenomenology have been. Pragmatism believes that
every human action is based on human perceptions and experiences. The focus is on groups or
societies rather then on individuals. Phenomenology believes that knowledge is subjective and that
the understanding of the individual is crucial. Researchers who use this method need to be able to be
sympathetic and have a deep understanding of the issue being researched. Humanistic researchers
believe that it is impossible to separate the mind and reality and therefore there cannot be a set of
standards and reproducible methods to be used. These geographers will use a more loosely
structured set of ideas and consider the individual being studied as well as the geographer's own
intuition and interpretation. One prominent geographer named Yi–Fu Tuan, who was born in 1930,
was critical of geography that did not include the humanistic factor. Landscapes, he believed, were
often a result of the humans living around or near them. For example, gardens were a persons
attempt to control the environment. The humanistic approach allows the scholar to explore a wide
range of human experiences, but it lacks rigorous procedures of objective

Psychology : Humanistic And Psychodynamic Approach On The...
For this writing assignment, I did research in the areas of approaches such as humanistic and
psychodynamic along with reading the DSM, and going a bit into homosexuality. In my findings I
put together a bit of information regarding the question, to the best of my knowledge. I mention why
I prefer the humanistic approach. Also I was able to local a copy of the DSM and describe about the
disorder I found interesting. Last, I talked about homosexuality since there a lot of controversy
regarding this topic, I stayed with what I felt was important to answer.
1. Compare and contrast Psychodynamic Approaches, Trait, Learning, Biological and Evolutionary,
and Humanistic Approaches to personality. Which approach to personality do ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This works hand in hand with the id and balances them. Additionally this is the reality principle
which makes decisions, actions, and problem–solving. Finally there is the superego consists of the
right and wrong doings of the individual. If the id tends to get out of control the superego helps
control it. It's basically the conscience. All this is what interests me on what Freud's theory contains
as it does make a valid point.
2. Locate a copy of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text
Revision (DSM–IV–TR®): a system, devised by the American Psychiatric Association, used by
most professionals to diagnose and classify abnormal behavior. Pick an abnormal behavior and
explain the behavior in terms of the (DSM–IV–TR).
I was able to locate a copy of the DSM–IV–TR online by a previous school I went to. There are a
handful of disorders that are covered in this manual and it was a hard choice to pick from them. I
ended up choosing mood disorders since I know people with this certain disorder and I would like to
know more about it. Mood disorders starts on page 345 and it is separated into three parts. The
breakdowns of mood disorders are as follows:
Major depressive disorder – is two weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest with atleast four
additional symptoms of depression.
Dysthymic Disorder – is two years of a depressed mood for more days than not.
Bipolar I Disorder – one or more manic or mixed

Existential-Humanistic Approach To Therapy
The existential–humanistic approach to therapy focuses on clients/helpers exploring themes such as
meaning, freedom, responsibility, anxiety and many more. The ultimate goal of this type of therapy
is to assist clients in becoming self–aware and discovering the meaning to their very existence.
Having those questions about one's existence and purpose in life is perfectly normal, and that is
something else that existential–humanistic therapist wants clients to realize. Existential therapy is
based on the assumption that people are free and responsible for their own choices and actions.
Working in an existential framework of practice also means that one is aware that some of the issues
that will be presented in therapy may not be resolved. Instead one will need to ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
It also stresses the importance of the personal relationship between the helper and the client. With
this type of therapy there is no specific goals set for clients by the helper, instead a client will
choose their own goals and values while practicing self–direction. Helpers will do their best to adapt
and accommodate in a way that always is in the best interest for the client. This means that it is vital
for helpers to flexible while maintaining the ethics of the counseling practice. Gestalt therapy
focuses on making clients aware of present/past behaviors that may have been interfering with how
he/she is functioning in the environment around them. In a way helpers help guide clients to
increase their knowledge about the key themes in their everyday lives. Breaking down and
analyzing those themes help a client better interpret the meaning and to take responsibility for them.
Paying close attention to verbal's and non–verbal's is good way to help guide the counseling session
and knowing which approach one should or should not

Psychological Approaches : Behaviorism, Cognitive And...
1.1 Analysis of three psychological approaches; behaviourism, cognitive and humanistic.
Three psychological approaches will be discussed in this essay, it will analyse the strengths and
limitations of each the humanistic, cognitive and the humanistic approach. This essay will consider
the contributions made to therapies in the modern life; evaluate how valid the methodology is using
case studies to back up these theories and how they contribute to each other to becoming an
approach.
The behaviourist psychologists emphasise the role of the environment and how this can affect the
behaviour of a person. "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well formed, and my own specified world
to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of
specialist I might select– doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant chief and yes even a beggar man and thief,
regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations and race of his ancestors" John
Watson (Watson, 1930, pg 82).
Watson believed that 'scientific study of psychology is to benefit social welfare, as we can predict
and control human behaviour and therefore, change how society behaves' (Schacter et el, 2012: 19).
This then brings a certain methodology, as it can be repeated a number of times with the same
outcomes. Behaviourist psychologists believe that humans and animals learn from a stimulus and a
response. The response being either negative or positive will determine if we will

Humanistic Approach To Health And Social Care
Some people feel that when diagnosed with a mental illness they are being labelled into a category
they are seen as mentally ill instead of them having a mental illness unfortunately there are so many
negative stereotypes which are pinned with mental illness, according to the labelling theory it's the
thought of a person being labelled mentally ill which can cause you to be ill mentally as a result of
its effects described as a self–fulfilling prophecy according to a modified version of this theory.
There are assumptions about the negative impact on self–concept, this impact is described in later
research about stigma and self–stigma, stigma can have some negative results for self–concept by
lowing self–efficacy which can make impaired coping ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As being diagnosed as mentally ill creates a use of label's which help us to understand and accept
the behaviours that they are displaying within a patient centred environment where the individual
will not be held in charge for their actions. However, this use of terms will generate empathy and
accepting the attitudes of those who are suffering from the mental health issue/ disorder. In some
cases, this type of language is seen as a control by professionals which shows off the power that
they have over the service user. In some cases, the label's give some form of relief to service users
and individuals for example they will find out that the illness that they have has a name and
reassures the service users in a way because they can receive a more adapted way of getting
treatment and information of their illness. The findings that we have on labelling provides us with
the evidence which we can use to argue that labelling empowers people and raises individual's self–
esteem which in a way can make their wellbeing better, but this is supported throughout the service
users opinions once they've been diagnosed some individuals become aware of the illness that they
have and they gain an understanding of the behaviours that they are displaying or showing. The
mental capacity act 2005 says that choices are made but are made

Personality, Psychology, And Humanistic Approach
Personality in a Nutshell Personality is looked at everyday purposely and accidently. Whether you
are judging how your new professor for the semester will be, or if you are studying your best friend
for a project, personality is studied abundantly. While there are many ways to define personality,
there is not a worldwide definition around. Personality is the unique combination of patterns that
influence behavior, thought, motivation, and emotion in a human being (boundless.com). That is one
of many ways of defining personality. When examining personality, there are four main
approachable theories including: The Psychodynamic Approach, The Trait Approach, The Social–
Cognitive Approach, and The Humanistic Approach. The Psychodynamic Approach was first
approach by Sigmund Freud; he dealt with the understanding that personality came from our
unconscious state of mind. And that unconscious state interacted to determine our thoughts,
behaviors, and feelings (Bernstein, 425). Freud also created the psychoanalytical theory stating that
personality led the way to handling psychological disorders. He divided personality into three main
topics; which are the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is the basis of each human being's
instincts we are all born with. It is the immediate wants I crave; it may show more selfish side. The
ego is the part that subdues the id and calms it down. It allows me to think and realize certain
actions may upset someone else around me. The superego is

Critically Engage With Hannah Arendts Humanistic Approach...
Critically engage with Hannah Arendts Humanistic approach to "political action."
This essay will be split into two parts. The first will be concerned with critically engaging
poststructuralist and postmodernist rejections of humanism highlighted by Stuart Sim, with notions
of a humanism put forward by Timothy Brannan that place importance on the shared universal
attributes shared by every human. I will to this with the aim of placing Arendt's humanism with the
latter. For the second half of this essay I will develop a focused analysis on Arendt's conception of
"political action" critically engaging this with concerns raised by Dan Stone regarding Arendt's
potential "ethnocentricity." I will do this with the aim of displaying an ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Qua human, shares universal attributes' it is vital that humanism is understood from this perspective
as there can be not potential contained in humanist thought to allow for any individual or
community to be denied membership in humanity on the grounds of their particularities.'8 It is from
Brennan's perspective that I place Arendt's humanistic understanding of political action.
Dan Stone has concerns regarding what he perceives as the 'ethnocentrism' that is contained within
Arendt's humanistic approach. Stone is of the opinion that this leaves Arendt 'apparently less moved
by the

Humanistic Approach To Counseling
Humanistic approach The humanistic approach is applied in counselling. There is a type of
counselling developed by Carl roger which consistrs in the counsellor help the service users develop
a positive sense of themselves. This is called the unconditional positive regard. This means that the
counsellor supports the service user's beliefs, emotions, and experiences without judging them
weather they believe the person was good or bad. If this is done frequently it will allow the service
user feel more positive about themselves and letting, go of the expectations they had of their own
ideal self. For this to happen the counsellor is required to have empathy and respect towards the
service user, they must be good listeners and have a non–judgmental approach towards the service
user. Understanding is important in health and social care especially when trying to help a service
user, they must always be able ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, service users who have dyslexia or dyspraxia whom may find their daily lives
frustrating. Depression is something that health professionals encounter with many service users in
health and social care. To support service users with depression, health professionals may fing
helpful using the cognitive approach which consists in getting the service user to change the
negative thoughts that they have about themselves into positive thoughts. Post traumatic disorder is
when an individual experienced a trauma that was seen as a threat to their life or to others. The
symptoms of this is anxiety, phobia, depression and addiction to unhealthy substances such as
alcohol and drugs. People that went through traumatic disorders are commonly the ones that went
through traumatic experiences like, soldiers and people that had been raped. These kind of
experiences may be hard for them to cope with and bear with

The Behavioral, Humanistic, And Cognitive Approach

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The Behavioral, Humanistic, And Cognitive Approach