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Requirements	Engineering		
for	Sustainability	
Birgit Penzenstadler

birgit.penzenstadler@csulb.edu
www.csulb.edu/~bpenzens
@twinkleflip 

#SustainabilityDesign
#KarlskronaManifesto
Timeline	•  Tuesday	29.3	
•  10-12	Open	lecture	“SoBware	engineering	for	sustainability	–	The	Karlskrona	manifesto”,	Room	4511	
•  12-16	Opening	of	the	course,	Room	7441	
•  Wednesday	30.3	
•  18-22	LUT	Beach	Sauna,	student	idea	presentaSons	&	discussions	
•  Thursday	31.3		
•  10-12	Stakeholder	model	and	goal	modelling,	Room	4511	
•  12-14	Course	work,	Room	4511	
•  Friday	1.4	
•  10-12	System	vision,	Sustainability	analysis	and	use	cases,	Room	LS204	
•  12-14Course	work,	Room	LS	204	
•  Monday	4.4.	
•  10-14	Intermediate	presentaSons,	Room	7441	
•  Tuesday	5.4	
•  12-16	Course	work,	Room	7441	
•  Wednesday	6.4	
•  8-10	Briefing	for	presentaSons,	Room	7441	
•  10-12	Course	work,	Room	7441	
•  Thursday	7.4	
•  10-14	Course	work,	Room	7441	
•  Friday	8.4	
•  12-16	Final	presentaSons,	Room	7441	 2
Outline	&	Overview	
1.  Review	of	readings	
2.  Overview	of	Approach	
3.  Sustainable	Business	Model	Canvas	
4.  Teaming	up	
3
PreparaSon	–	to	have	read	
•  “Karlskrona	Manifesto”	
•  “Requirements:	Key	to	sustainability”	
•  “Requirements	engineering	for	sustainability”	
•  “Business	model	canvas”	book		
(first	two	chapters)	
•  Sustainable	Business	Model	Canvas	webpage	
4
Karlskrona	Manifesto	
•  11	mispercepSons	
•  9	principles	
•  Call	for	discussion	
•  Call	to	acSon	
Take	a	piece	of	paper:	
à What	did	you	like?	
à What	did	you	dislike?	
à What	were	you	missing?	
5
Requirements:	Key	to	sustainability	
•  Why	the	manifesto	makes	sense	to	have	
•  A	tale	of	how	things	can	be	done	differently	
•  A	discussion	of	benefits	and	challenges	
•  QuesSons?	
•  Likes	/	dislikes?	
6
Requirements	Engineering	for	
Sustainability	
Guiding Questions for Green RE:
1. Does the system have an explicit sustainability purpose?
2. Which impact does the system have on the environment?
3. Is there a stakeholder for environmental sustainability?
4. What are the sustainability goals and constraints for the system?
Requirements / System / Solution DomainContext / Environment / Problem Domain
Stakeholder Model
Objectives,
& Goals
S
System Vision
Deployment Requirements
System Constraints
Domain Model
S
Usage Model
Quality Requirements
Process Requirements
S
S
S
S
elicit
sustainability
objectives
find sustainability stakeholders
analyse sustainability of context
elicit
sustainability
constraints
derive
sustainable
system
vision
refine and deduce
sustainability
requirements
specify
sustainable
interaction
Constraints
& Rules
!
!
!
!
!
Example		
checklist	for		
analyzing	
environmental		
sustainability		
for	a	soBware		
system.
Requirements	Engineering	for	
Sustainability	
•  Guideline	
•  ArSfacts	
•  Reference	models	
•  QuesSons?	
•  Likes	/	dislikes?	
à	This	will	be	the	scope	for	our	course.	
8
Reference:	Business	Model	Canvas		
hgp://www.businessmodelgeneraSon.com/
canvas/bmc	
Serves	to	
communicate	
a	new		
business	idea
Business	model	canvas	
•  Template	
•  9	key	areas	
•  QuesSons?	
•  Likes	/	dislikes?	
10
Business	Model	Canvas	–	Template
Business	Model	Canvas	–	Example	2
Business	Model	Canvas	–	Example	2
Business	Model	Canvas	–	Example	2
Sustainable	Business	Model	Canvas	
•  Now	called	Flourishing	Business	Model	(FBM)	
•  Same	basic	template	as	BMC	
•  Plus	systems	thinking	and	leverage	points:	5	
quesSons	to	“do	good”	
•  hgps://prezi.com/k5x2civcaw7y/3-minute-
introducSon-to-strongly-sustainable-business-
model-canvas/		
•  QuesSons?	
•  Likes	/	dislikes?	
15
Template	
16
Flourishing	Business	Model	
•  Example	Timberland:		
hgp://www.slideshare.net/AntonyUpward/
strongly-sustainable-business-model-
ontology-example-Smberland-summary-v40	
•  Full	thesis:		
hgp://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/
handle/10315/20777		
17
Tools	/	helpful	resources	
•  Systems	perspecSve	short	video	series		
hgps://youtu.be/HQz9I-sAcZA		
•  Sustainability	performance	measurement	
hgps://youtu.be/8Rs2ASvWnAw	
•  The	business	logic	of	sustainability	
hgps://www.ted.com/talks/
ray_anderson_on_the_business_logic_of_sustainabilit
y?language=en	
•  The	route	to	a	sustainable	future	
hgps://www.ted.com/talks/
alex_steffen_sees_a_sustainable_future?language=en	
18
Ideas	to	develop	for	this	course	
•  Find	a	problem	–	not	a	soluSon	you	want	to	
develop	
•  Find	a	scenario	where	this	problem	is	obvious	
•  Find	different	ways	that	could	solve	this	
•  Evaluate	the	different	consequences	of	this	
soluSon	alternaSves	
•  Find	a	favorite	way	of	solving	it	à	FBM	
•  Show	how	this	favorite	way	will	improve	the	
situaSon	
19
Deliverables	for	this	course	
•  Flourishing	business	model	
•  Supported	by		
– Stakeholder	model	
– Goal	model	
– System	vision	
– Use	case(s)	
– Sustainability	analysis	
•  Mock-ups	/	prototypes	
20
Team	Building	
•  Teams	of	3	people	
•  Mixed	skill	sets	
– Idea	generator	
– Manager	/	communicator	
– Analyst	
– Designer	
– Programmer	
21
Todos	
1.  Meet	in	your	teams	and	develop	an	idea	
for	a	system	for	sustainability	you	want	to	work	on	
2.  Develop	a	draB	sustainable	business	model	canvas	
22	
Birgit Penzenstadler

birgit.penzenstadler@csulb.edu
www.csulb.edu/~bpenzens
@twinkleflip 

#SustainabilityDesign #KarlskronaManifesto
Get	in	touch.

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Requirements Engineering for Sustainability - 1 - Intro & Business Model Canvas