How are these structural differences related to the locations and functions of these two types of bone From your observations, how does the marrow in the medullary cavity compare with the marrow in the spaces of the spongy bone? The humerus is the proximal bone of an upper limb; the femur is the proximal bone of a lower limb. In the adult skeleton only certain portions of these long bones retain functional red bone marrow. Describe the specific regions of these bones that retain blood cell production sites. Solution How are these structural differences related to the locations and functions of these two types of bone? Compact bone will have more bone matrix and space will be less due to the presence of osteons and the main function of compact bone is to provide strength in the shaft and also providing support along the borders of the bone. Whereas Spongy bone will have less bone matrix and will have more spaces due to the presence of trabeculae and due to this arrangement, it reduces the weight of the bone and thus provides spaces which are occupied by red bone marrow. From your observations, how does the marrow in the medullary cavity compare with the marrow in the spaces of the spongy bone? The marrow in the medullary cavity will be of yellow color whereas the bone marrow present in the spaces of spongy bone is red. In the adult skeleton only certain portions of these long bones retain functional red bone marrow. Describe the specific regions of these bones that retain blood production sites. Humerus: In case of Humerus, the proximal epiphyses retain functional red bone marrow producing red blood cells in adult skeletons Femur: In case of femur, the proximal epiphyses retain functional red bone marrow producing red blood cells in adult skeletons.