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Physics 101

 Wave-a motion of disturbance
 Waveform-shape or pattern of wave
 Pulse-disturbance of short duration . Shape of pulse
depends on the motion of the source that generates
the pulse.
 Continuous wave-continuous wave that repeats over
and over again.
 Wave cycle-continuous wave that repeats over and
over again.
Terminologies

 Mechanical wave-travels through physical material
or medium (ex. vibration of violin string, water
ripples, seismic waves in Earth’s crust)
Terminologies
https://sites.google.com/a/xcp.org/xcp-physics/ap-physics/oscillatory-
motion/mechanical-waves

 Electromagnetic waves-waves generated by charged
particles that accelerate and do not need medium to
travel.
Terminologies
http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Spectroscopy/Fundamentals/Electr
omagnetic_Radiation

1. Transverse Waves
2. Longitudinal Waves
Two Types of Travelling
Waves

 A wave in which the displacement is perpendicular to the
direction in which the wave travels.
 Ex.) A wave on a rope is a transverse wave. Light and other
electromagnetic waves are also transverse waves.
 Ex.) S wave or secondary wave is the second wave you feel in
an earthquake which displace the ground up and down.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHcse1jJAto
Transverse Wave
http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/dhamala/Physics2211/Chapter20.pdf

 Particles in the medium move parallel to the
direction which the wave travels.
 Ex.) P wave or primary wave during an earthquake.
P waves are also known as compressional waves,
because of the pushing and pulling they do.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aguCWnbRET
U
Longitudinal Wave
http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/dhamala/Physics2211/Chapter20.pdf

 The speed of transverse waves on a string stretched
with tension T is
Wave Speed
http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/dhamala/Physics2211/Chapter20.pdf

 You decide to train your dog, Ruby, to run faster.
You hang a 1.5m long string with a mass of 2.0g to a
wall and horizontally stretch by 0.50m away. The
string is tied to your dog’s treat. You know that the
wave pulse travels along the stretched string at
20m/s. Your dog cannot catch the treat if the mass is
smaller than 0.055kg. Will your dog be able to catch
the treat?
Example Question
The treat is in static equilibrium, hence
Tension in the string is
The linear density is 0.002kg/1.5m=0.001333kg/m
Then,
Therefore, your dog cannot catch the treat!
Solution
(0.0013333kg/m) (20m/s)
0.054kg

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Travelling waves

  • 2.   Wave-a motion of disturbance  Waveform-shape or pattern of wave  Pulse-disturbance of short duration . Shape of pulse depends on the motion of the source that generates the pulse.  Continuous wave-continuous wave that repeats over and over again.  Wave cycle-continuous wave that repeats over and over again. Terminologies
  • 3.   Mechanical wave-travels through physical material or medium (ex. vibration of violin string, water ripples, seismic waves in Earth’s crust) Terminologies https://sites.google.com/a/xcp.org/xcp-physics/ap-physics/oscillatory- motion/mechanical-waves
  • 4.   Electromagnetic waves-waves generated by charged particles that accelerate and do not need medium to travel. Terminologies http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Spectroscopy/Fundamentals/Electr omagnetic_Radiation
  • 5.  1. Transverse Waves 2. Longitudinal Waves Two Types of Travelling Waves
  • 6.   A wave in which the displacement is perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels.  Ex.) A wave on a rope is a transverse wave. Light and other electromagnetic waves are also transverse waves.  Ex.) S wave or secondary wave is the second wave you feel in an earthquake which displace the ground up and down.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHcse1jJAto Transverse Wave http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/dhamala/Physics2211/Chapter20.pdf
  • 7.   Particles in the medium move parallel to the direction which the wave travels.  Ex.) P wave or primary wave during an earthquake. P waves are also known as compressional waves, because of the pushing and pulling they do.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aguCWnbRET U Longitudinal Wave http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/dhamala/Physics2211/Chapter20.pdf
  • 8.   The speed of transverse waves on a string stretched with tension T is Wave Speed http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/dhamala/Physics2211/Chapter20.pdf
  • 9.   You decide to train your dog, Ruby, to run faster. You hang a 1.5m long string with a mass of 2.0g to a wall and horizontally stretch by 0.50m away. The string is tied to your dog’s treat. You know that the wave pulse travels along the stretched string at 20m/s. Your dog cannot catch the treat if the mass is smaller than 0.055kg. Will your dog be able to catch the treat? Example Question
  • 10. The treat is in static equilibrium, hence Tension in the string is The linear density is 0.002kg/1.5m=0.001333kg/m Then, Therefore, your dog cannot catch the treat! Solution (0.0013333kg/m) (20m/s) 0.054kg