Introduction-Types of Optical Fibers-Ray Optics Representation-Mode Theory in Optical Fiber-Single Mode Fiber and Graded Index Fiber

15. Copper Cable Vs Fiber Optical Cable

16. Types of Optical Fibers

17. 1. Single Mode Fiber 2. Multi Mode Fiber
Based on the Number of Modes

18. Based on the Refractive Index Profile

19. Fiber: SMF

20. Fiber: MMF

21. Fiber: MMF

25. RAY OPTICS REPRESENTATION
Rays that propagate in a fiber are
1.Meridional Ray 2.Skew Ray

37. Meridional Ray Optics Representation of the
propagation mechanism in an ideal step index optical
Waveguide
From Snell’s Law,
Numerical aperture for a step index fiber for meridional ray

38. TYPES OF WAVE GUIDES

39. Wave Representation in a Dielectric Slab
Waveguide
Condition : All points on the same phase front of a plane wave must be in phase.

40. Cont…
As the wave travels through the material it undergoes a phase change of
Point C to D, ray 2 travels a distance s2

41. Cont…
The only wave with angle theta propagates within the fiber

42. Few simplification Steps …

43. Few simplification Steps …Cont…

44. Few simplification Steps …Cont…

69. Thank You

71. Single Mode Fibers
Small index difference
V=2.4
Practically index difference is 0.2- 1.0%
Eg.a=3mico meter, NA=0.1, Wavelength=0.8 micrometer -- V=2.356
Mode field diameter is an important parameter in SMF
V=2, 75 % of light is confined in core.

72. Single mode Fiber-Mode Field Diameter

73. Propagation Modes in Single Mode Fiber

74. Cont…
Fiber Beat Length=2.pi/beta
One mode is delayed by other mode and will be delayed in phase relative to the other and they propagate.
When the phase difference is integral multiple of 2 pi ,then the 2 modes will beat at a point, hence input state is
repeated.
Fiber beat length: The length over which this beating occurs is called Fiber beat length

75. Graded Index Fiber- RI and NA

76. GI Fiber- NA and Number of Modes

97. Fiber optic cables-Generic Cables

98. Fiber optic cables-Tight buffered Fiber

99. Loose Tube Cable and Twelve Fiber Ribbon
Cable Module

100. Indoor Cable Design
1. Interconnect Cable
2. Breakout
3. Distribution Cable

101. Outdoor Cables
1. Aerial Cable
2. Armored Cable
3. Underwater Cable

102. Armored Cable

103. Underwater Fiber Cable