Johan Zammit takes us through a detailed set of non-fintech use cases where blockchain is being used in business. Land registry, real estate, supply chain, IOT, provenance, smart cities, healthcare, insurance, credentials, foreign aid & charity, music royalties, energy trading, identity management, ride sharing, voting, timestamping, authenticity.

1. University Of Malta – October 2018
Blockchain Use Cases
(Non-Fintech Use Cases)
Johan Zammit
j.zammit@smartstudios.io

2. About Me
- Founder & CEO at Smart Studios
- Chair at Malta Innovation Summit
- Board member at Silicon Valletta
- Blockchain mentor at MITA Innovation Hub
- Co-Founder at NetRefer
- Visiting lecturer at Universty Of Malta

3. Agenda
- What’s So Special About Blockchain?
- Business Use Cases
- Q&A

4. What’s A Blockchain?
A distributed ledger that is
Transparent
Immutable
Secure

5. What’s So Special About Blockchain?
For the FIRST time in history
a) you have a way to prove that you OWN a digital record.
Ownership is undisputed.
b) you can securely transfer that digital record to another person
without needing a 3rd party
This record can represent money, titles, deeds, music, art, scientific
discoveries, intellectual property, and even votes.
Achieves Scarcity & Solves “Double Spending”

6. Blockchain Brings Trust
Digital Trust That Enables Trustless Trade
Through A Trustless Consensus

7. Less Costs
via Automation
No Middlemen
Less Delays
via Automation
Less Fraud
via Transparency
Immutability
Blockchain + Smart Contracts Automation
A smart contact is an application that run exactly as programmed without
any possibility of downtime, censorship, fraud or third party interference.

8. Smart Contract? Think “Vending Machine”

9. Last Week – Steve Tendon’s List
• Digital Ownership
• Decentralisation
• Transaction Finality
• Notarization
• Tokenization
• Fractionalization
• Public-Private Keys
• Identity & IOT

10. Use Cases

11. Use Cases

12. Where Is Blockchain At Its Best?
Where multiple stakeholders require Transparency, Security &
Immutability
Where disintermediation and robustness are more important than
confidentiality and performance.
Where there is lack of trust between stakeholders.

14. Blockchain Use Cases

16. Land Registry Initiatives
Chromaway.com semi-live in Sweden
Zebi.io doing tests in India
Propy.com doing tests in Ukraine & USA
Bitfury.com doing tests in Georgia
Bitland.world, Benbenben.com.gh doing tests in Ghana
Velox.re did test in Chicago, USA
Epigraph.io did trial in Honduras
Ubiquity.io did test in Brazil

17. Land Registry On DLT - Benefits
• Fast transfer of ownership - few hours – less paperwork
• No fraud, no false signatures, no tampering
• No duplicate land ownership - No disputes
• Resistant to natural disasters, fires, lost paper files
• Available anywhere anytime
• Faster payments to sellers, banks, agents
• Less costs – less manual work, less middlemen
• Increased transparency in all the records

18. Land Registry & Real Estate
Exonum Land Registry Demo (BitFury)
https://exonum.com/demo/landregistry/
Real Estate
Ecosystem of owner, buyer, estate agent, notary, government that
safely store and share property data
ledgerprojects.com (Malta) signed a
collaborative agreement with Bitfury

19. Supply Chain

20. Healthcare
Slide by Maersk
Supply Chain

21. Supply Chain
Single point of truth between participants
No heavy document processing
Again : faster, more cost effective, less fraud
skuchain.com
factom.com
ubims.com
chronicled.com
modum.io

22. Healthcare

23. Healthcare

24. PRODUCER
SMART
CONTRACT
The package has to be
maintained at
Temperature < 10º C
Humidity < 65%
FOOD
PROCESSOR
WAREHOUSE
CARRIER 1
CARRIER 2
SMART
CONTRACT
UPDATED
Origin
8ºC
60%
SHARED LEDGER
The conditions of the contract have been violated.
Carrier 2 is liable for penalty as the temperature of
the package when it reached the retail store was
above the prescribed limit
RETAIL STORE
11ºC
66%
Milk producer supplies Milk to Food Processing
Company
The milk product is sealed in an IoT enabled
package for shipping
The terms of shipping are registered using a smart
contract on the Blockchain
Warehouse
9ºC
64%
Carrier 2
9ºC
64%
Store
11ºC
66%
Carrier 1 delivers milk to
Warehouse 1. The temperature
of the package is within
prescribed limits on arrival.
The package is still within
prescribed temperature limits
when Carrier 2 arrives to
retrieve it for delivery to Retail
Store.
IOT in Supply Chain
Slide by Microsoft

25. IOT (Internet Of Things)
authentication, data verification, and encryption
filament.com
chimera
slock.it (door, bike, pad, car locks)
databrokerdao.com
Autonomous Decentralized Peer to Peer Telemetry
ADEPT, developed by Samsung and IBM

26. Provenance
Where did the food you had today originate from?
Ability to precisely trace a product from inception
Ability to store records of verified ownership
• Reduces risk of theft, trafficking, and fraud
• Detect stolen goods
• Ensure no counterfeit. Ensures authenticity
• Less insurance costs
• Increases trust in trading marketplaces

27. Provenance
provenance.org
mediledger.com traceability of drugs
everledger.io diamonds
chain.link
blockverify.io

28. Smart Cities
Digitalized society where we empower “things” with the ability
to independently transact with online platforms.
Sharing Economy : car/apartments/assets are shared –
maximising their utilisation.
Data Trading Economy : assets become owners of their
proprietary digital space and in control of who benefits from
their digital value creation and how they do, e.g. Selling data.

29. Healthcare

30. Healthcare
Doctors, hospitals, labs, insurers and patients safely share patient
records and related data (like prescriptions).
• Complete medical history
• No tampering
• Less time and effort to move and manage history
• Easy integration to drug supply chain and drug provenance
You, as the patient, receive an authorisation on your mobile device
from whoever is trying to access your medical records
medicalchain.com medrec.media.mit.edu patientory.com

31. Insurance
Enables P2P insurance, parametric insurance, microinsurance
• Less insurance fraud
• Less costs for insurance & insured
• Less time to process insurance claims
• Less disputes through transparent shared data
• Improved customer engagement
• Improved support to multi-party contracts
etherisc.com fdd.etherisc.com for Atlas Insurance (Malta)
aig.com/innovative-tech aigang.network

32. Credentials
Blockcerts,org - MIT Media Lab & Learning Machine collaboration
An open standard for registering and verifying blockchain-based
certificates.
• Tamper-proof – no fraud claims
• Easy, global verification
• Transparency in issuing credentials
Malta’s Ministry Of Education has a project with Learning Machine

33. Foreign Aid & Charity

34. Foreign Aid & Charity
Tracking cash & non-cash aid. Ensure aid arrives.
Transparent financial reporting.
Faster transfer of money.
Cheaper transfer of aid – less currency FX and intermediaries
projectbifrost.com
disberse.com
bitgivefoundation.org
aid.technology

35. Charity

36. Music Royalties
DJ playing music. Song comes on. Smart contract checks
ownership rights and automates the calculation and payment of
royalties to artists, publishers, labels, streaming service providers,
and songwriters. Stops piracy / copyright infringements.
soundac.io (was Muse)
rightsshare.com
myceliaformusic.org

37. P2P Energy Trading
Peer-to-peer buying and selling of energy
Community solar power generation
Local residents trade the energy they produce from panels.
• Eliminates intermediaries (no Enemalta in between)
• Promotes solar & alternative energy sources
• Promoted energy sharing
lo3energy.com powerledger.io brooklynmicrogrid.com
solarchange.co electron.org.uk bankymoon.com

38. Identity Management
It all boils down to “Proof Of Identity”.
A Self-Sovereign Wallet
civic.com
uport.me
blockpass.org
shocard.com
sita.aero
jolocom.io
For KYC on blockchain you can check out Malta’s knowmenow.com

39. P2P Ride Sharing
Uber-service without Uber
Connecting (private) drivers directly
to users travelling in the same direction.
• No Uber-like middlemen – users transact directly.
• Drivers set their own rates.
• Other things like parking fees are shared.
lazooz.org
arcade.city

40. Voting
• Vote from anywhere
• Less election costs
• Transparent secure voting - independently verifiable
Zug (Switzerland) & West Virginia (USA) had voting using blockchain.
followmyvote.com
polys.me
votem.com
voatz.com

41. Proof Of Existence,
Timestamp, Authenticity
You rented a car. You rented an apartment. How
do you prove the state at a particular date and
time?
Publishing cryptographic hashes provides an
irrefutable “proof of existence.”
Proof of Ownership
Proof of Existence
Proof of Integrity
Proof Of Receipt

42. Proof Of Existence,
Timestamp, Authenticity
proofofexistence.com
originstamp.org
factom.com
blocknotary.com
stampery.com
blockverity – anti-counterfeit
nottar.io
binded.com - copyright
Standard : opentimestamps.org

43. Other Blockchain Use Cases
Decentralised Name Service Onename.com
Ticketing System Guts.tickets
HR & Recruitment Chronobank.io
Decentralised Marketplace Openbazaar.org
Electric Vehicle Charging Shareandcharge.com
Art Verification Verisart.com

44. Other Blockchain Use Cases
Car Leasing Oakeninnovations.com
iGaming Edgeless.io
Decentalised File Storage Storj.io
Rendering Golem.network
Social Media / Content Phantasma.io
Esports FirstBlood.io

45. What Challenges Are We Facing?
Technology is still in its infancy. Has scalability & transaction cost issues
Technologist with extensive experience are scarce. There is a learning curve.
Competition from new & existing market players
Integrating to the ecosystem - existing financial, governmental systems
Volatility of crypto prices
Garbage In – Garbage Out
Importing the historical data into the blockchain

46. Johan Zammit
j.zammit@smartstudios.io
• If applied correctly, where there
are multiple stakeholders that do
not trust each other, blockchain
delivers where other technologies
cannot.
• There are challenges yet the hype
is fading away and turning into
real business opportunities.
Key Take-Aways