6. Slow Development Slow and small scale from end of Mexican-American War until Civil War (1861-1865) ends War cuts off market in East Texas Longhorns roamed freely and numbers grew; shot as game animals
7. Ex-Confederate soldiers and Ex-slaves sought jobs Demand for meat increased in East as economy took off Cattle ranchers began increasing operations Post Civil War
8. Plains Indians U.S. Cavalry set up Forts (Fort Laramie, Fort Buford etc.) in West to protect settlers Threat of Indian attacks was reduced as reservations were established Cattle industry secured huge contracts to supply army with food By 1870 the US Army was buying between 60 and 70,000 head of cattle a year to feed the Indians and its own soldiers
9. Joseph McCoy Solved problem of moving the cattle from Texas to cities of the East. Post-Civil War boom in railroad construction connects east and west Starting in 1867 cattle are loaded onto train cars in Abilene, Kansas and shipped back east…soon other towns begin to compete Cattle worth less than $5 in Texas might fetch $30 in Kansas
10.
11. Cattle needed to be driven in large numbers from Texas to railheads in Kansas Trails utilized to drive cattle herds to market Large scale operation required several cowboys working ‘round the clock Cowboys, what good are they?
14. What do I do? Trail Boss: Best Paid, Worked for same ranch, scouted for water and trouble, negotiated price Point: Veterans who rode at front and “drove” herd Swing/Flank: Kept herd together, “cut out” sick animals Drag: Kept stragglers moving Wrangler: Controlled Remuda (extra horses) Chuck Wagon: Driven by cook, carried food and supplies
15. Answer Questions 12-15 Find out about: What happened in Abilene? Why the “golden age” of cowboys ended?
21. 1. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 3. ______________________ 4. ______________________ 5. ______________________ 6. ______________________ 7. ______________________ 8. ______________________ 9. ______________________ 10. ______________________ 11. ______________________ 12. ______________________ 13. ______________________ 14. ______________________ 15. ______________________ 16. ______________________ 17. ______________________ 18. ______________________ Name __________________________________________ Hour ____ 16* 10* 7 3 13* 6 18 11* 14* 2 17 15* 5 9* 1 12* 8 4 Directions: Use the legend below to help identify the locations numbered 1-18. Write your answer on the space provided to the right Number by itself is a state Number with * is a state capital Number in a triangle is a mountain range
22. 36. ______________________ 37. ______________________ 38. ______________________ 39. ______________________ 40. ______________________ 41. ______________________ 42. ______________________ 43. ______________________ 44. ______________________ 45. ______________________ 46. ______________________ 47. ______________________ 48. ______________________ 49. ______________________ 50. ______________________ XC1. _____________________ XC2. _____________________ XC3. _____________________ Name __________________________________________ Hour ____ 36 44* 37* XC3 45 49* 40 XC2 42 39* XC1 50 38* 43 46 48 41* Directions: Use the legend below to help identify the locations numbered 36-XC3. Write your answer on the space provided to the right Number by itself is a state Number with * is a state capital 47
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