1. Push factor- a reason or force that causes people to leave their native land.<br />Pull factor- a reason or force that causes people to move to a new place.<br />Know-Nothing Party- political party in the united states during the 1850’s that was against recent immigrants and Roman Catholics.<br />Emigrant- person who leaves a country<br />Immigrant- person who settles in a new country<br />Steerage- the cheapest deck on a ship<br />Famine- severe food shortage leading to starvation<br />Prejudice- a negative opinion that is not based on facts<br />Naivist- native-born American who wanted to eliminate foreign influence<br />Second Great Awakening- renewal of religious faith in the 1790’s and early 1800’s<br />Temperance movement- campaign to stop the drinking of alcohol<br />Shaker- member of a Christian sect that practiced communal living and did not allow marriage or child bearing<br />Horace Mann- reformer who advocated improving education<br />Dorothea Dix- reformer who was a pioneer in the movement for better treatment of the mentally ill<br />Labor union- group of workers who band together to seek better working conditions<br />Strike- to stop work for better working conditions<br />Evangelicalism- the doctrine, or belief, that each person can experience a new spiritual relationship with God<br />Abolition- the movement to stop slavery<br />Frederick Douglas- abolitionist and journalist who became an influential lecturer in the North and beyond<br />Sojourner Truth- abolitionist and feminist who spoke against slavery and for the rights of women<br />Underground Railroad- a series of escape routes used by slaves escaping the south<br />Harriet Tubman- conductor on the Underground Railroad who led enslaved people to freedom<br />Elizabeth Cady Stanton- reformer who helped organize the first women’s rights convention<br />Seneca Falls Convention- the first women’s rights convention, held in Seneca Falls, New York<br />Suffrage- the right to vote<br /> <br /> <br />