Documento a company product

1. .Aprendiz
JHON JAIRO PULGARIN CANO
LUIS MIGUEL ANGARITA BUENAVENTURA
Tutor Virtual
Centro de Industria y la Construcción
SENA Regional Tolima
GESTIÓN LOGÍSTICA (1310145)
Actividadde proyecto 7: Alistarlos recursos para
la trazabilidad de la red
Documento A Company product

2. Documento A Company product
Documento escrito en inglés que contenga las características del
producto comparado, competencia del mercado, selección de
proveedores y diagrama del flujo de comunicación de la compañía.
Elabore un documento escrito con las características del producto o
servicio en idioma
Inglés. Tenga en cuenta:
Nuestra Empresa Producto o Servicio.
Our Company Producto or Service.
We are a company fully integrated by our own capitals, and with more than
20 years of experience and experience in Medellín. Born in 1995 as a
family business dedicated to the manufacture and sale of dairy products, we
have been growing through our excellent customer service and a wide
range of products with the best price of the competitions.
In 2006 we opened a new branch, located in the downtown area of
Medellin (locations 34 and 35), where we currently serve the retail and
wholesale market, with a large customer base, which they trust us daily.
With the aim of continuing to grow and providing a better service to our
customers, in 2008 we opened a new wholesale distribution center, with
more than 1000 square meters, located in Avenida Colombia neighborhood
in the city of Medellin.
Over the years we have been acquiring new product lines with the aim of
providing our customers with an integral solution to their needs.
It is important to note that our services are strengthened by having a large
permanent stock of the main products we sell.

3. In addition to having its own fleet of trucks, which allow us to
offer our wholesale customers a fast and efficient supply and distribution.
Nombre del producto o servicio
Name of the product or service.
En en expolacteos Ltda. We offer a wide range of foods, dairy products
such as milk.
Cheese requeson cream jocoque cream butter ice cream. etc. We want to
become a true ally of your business and economy, accompanying them in
their growth, through our quality service, constant advice and excellent
prices of our products.
Wholesale
Quality in Care
Large Stock
Shipments to the whole Interior
Point Technology.
Características del producto o servicio:
Product or Service characteristics:
Liquid milk: is the most consumed, processed and commercialized dairy
product. Liquid milk covers products such as pasteurized milk, skimmed
milk, standard milk, reconstituted milk, long-preserved milk (UHT) and
enriched milk. The consumption of liquid milk in raw form is decreasing
more and more in the world.
Fermented milks: Are often used to make other dairy products. It is
obtained from the fermentation of the milk using microorganisms suitable
to reach a desired level of acidity. Fermented products include yogurt,
kumy, dahi, laban, ergo, tarag, ayran, kurut and kefir.

4. Cheese: Are obtained by the coagulation of milk protein (casein), which is
separated from the serum. Hundreds of varieties of cheese are produced,
many of which are characteristic of a specific region of the world.
However, most cheeses are produced in developed countries. Cheeses can
be hard, semi-hard, soft ripened or unripe. The different characteristics of
cheeses are derived from differences in the composition of the milk and the
types of cheeses, the processing procedures applied and the
microorganisms used. Traditional cheeses produced in developing
countries include ayib, gibna bayda, chanco, fresh cheese, akawieh and
chhurpi.
Butter and ghee (clarified butter). are fatty products derived from milk.
The butter is obtained from milk shake or cream; in many developing
countries, traditional butter is obtained by beating whole sour milk. Ghee is
obtained by removing water from the butter and is consumed especially in
South Asia. Ghee has a very long shelf life of up to two years.
Condensed milk: is obtained from the partial elimination of water from
whole or skimmed milk. The preparation foresees the heat treatment and
the concentration. Condensed milk can be sweetened or not sweetened, but
most are sweetened. In Latin America, for example, condensed milk is
often used for cooking and baking instead of marmalade.
Evaporated milk: is obtained from the partial removal of water from
whole or skimmed milk. The preparation envisages the heat treatment to
guarantee the stability and bacteriological safety of the milk. Evaporated
milks are usually mixed with other foods, such as tea.
Milk powder: is obtained from milk dehydration and usually comes in the
form of powder or granules.
The cream: is the part of the milk that is comparatively rich in fats; is
obtained by skimming or centrifuging the milk. Enter the creams include
the reconstituted cream, the reconstituted cream, the prepared creams, the
pre-packed liquid cream, the cream to be set or beaten, the cream packaged

5. under pressure, the whipped cream, the fermented cream and the acidified
cream.
Serum: According to FAOSTAT, whey is understood as the "liquid part of
the milk that remains after separating the curdled milk in the manufacture
of the cheese. Its main applications for human consumption are the
preparation of whey cheese, whey-based beverages and fermented whey
beverages. The main industrial applications are the manufacture of lactose,
whey paste and whey powder ". Whey may be sweet (from the production
of cheeses by coagulation of the curd) or acid (from the production of
cheeses by acid coagulation).
Casein: is the main protein in milk and is used as an ingredient in several
products, among these cheeses, pastries, paints and glues. It is obtained
from skimmed milk by precipitation with the rennet or by harmless bacteria
producing lactic acid.
Las Clases del producto o servicio
Class of the productor service.
Guarantees the purchase of milk production to the Associate.
Special bonuses for the quality of your milk.
Analysis of hygienic, compositional and sanitary quality of raw milk.
Personalized information to the Associates Productores on the quality of
their milk.
Visits to the farms with difficulties in their hygienic quality.
Training and training to obtain quality milk.
Accompaniment on farm for analysis of milking routines, cooling tanks and
milking equipment.
Advice and management of economic resources for the technification.
Assembly and Maintenance of Cold Tanks and Milking Equipment

6. Installation, diagnostics of operating status.
Preventive and corrective maintenance.
Dispatch, transfer or collection of tanks on the farm.
Uninstallation and reinstallation of cooling tanks.
Check and elaboration of earthing systems.
Maintenance for Associates milk mugs that still ship their production
through this medium.
Diagnosis of the condition, operation and preventive maintenance of the
tank car.
Collection of raw milk in the farms and their delivery in plants.
Technical assistance with the accompaniment of Veterinarians,
Zootecnistas,
Agricultural Administrators and other professionals of the sector.
Counseling in programs of animal nutrition, swine, fertilization, pastures
and soils
Genetic improvement, management and monitoring of herds, animal health
Agricultural administration, measurement of pastures, transfer of embryos
Nitrogen supply on farms, among others.
Partes del producto o servicio
Parts of the productor service.
Leche líquida
Liquid milk.
Milk is made up of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals:

7. Proteins: are responsible for forming the structure of our body.
In milk we find albumins, globulin (very important for newborns) and
casein. The latter is an exclusive milk protein that contains all the essential
amino acids we need.
Carbohydrates:are great natural sources of energy.
Milk contains lactose, composed ofglucose and galactose. Its sweetening
power is very low, which delays the feeling of tiredness.
Fats:These are energy reserve substances that provide energy and
vitamins.
Vitamins: they allow the perfect functioning of our organism. In the milk
we find mainly vitamin B2, B12 and A. They are water soluble and fat-
soluble vitamins, that is, easily absorbed for our body.
Minerals:Like vitamins, minerals, help our bodies function properly.
Milk is rich in calcium and phosphorus. Key components for children's
development and adult health.
Butter and ghee (clarified butter:
Butter is the productobtained from milk by mechanical means or by
whipping the cream (pasteurized). The term "butter" means only the
productmade from milk or cream from cow's milk.
Among its main characteristics is its solid consistency and homogeneous at
room temperature, a yellowish color more or less pronounced, and a
characteristic flavor and aroma.
Acid butter: before the acidification of the cream
Sweet butter:
After the acidification of the cream (this is the traditional one).

8. In addition salt can be added or not, obtaining salty or normal butter
according to the case. And, of course, it can be made from the milk of
many animals, with sheep, cow or goat butter being the most common in
the West (as a curiosity, it is not possible to obtain butter from camellia
milk).
Condensed milk:
Condensed milk goes through a process where cow's milk eliminates most
of the water it contains, and then adds a large amount of sugar. Thanks to
that, you get that thick mixture. In this article we will talk about the
properties of condensed milk, as well as its benefits.
Vitamins: It is undoubtedly a very important sourceof vitamin A and D,
with some B vitamins and vitamin C.
Minerals:It is a very good productin calcium and phosphorus, but
somewhat poorin terms of potassium and magnesium. Unlike other milks,
it is quite rich in zinc.
Carbohydrates:Unlike other milks, the nutritional properties of
condensed milk as far as carbohydrates are concerned; it has high sugar
content, due to the process to which it is submitted for its preparation. Not
to mention the high level of glucose and lactose.
Evaporated milk
Evaporated milk is canned milk that supports large storage periods due to
the evaporation of 60% of the water in the raw milk. Its real name is that of
partially evaporated or semi-evaporated milk since the water has been
partially removed (not in its entirety, suchas milk powder). Its sugary
version, the condensed milk, with which it is usually confused by its great
similarities, supports even more time in canned, reason why it displaced of
the market almost completely.

9. Milk powder
Milk powder can contain up to a maximum of 4% fat (most milk powder is
made from skim milk), about one-third of its protein weight.
Calories 496
Lipid 27 g
Saturated Fatty Acid 17 g
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.7 g
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid 8 g
Cholesterol 97 mg
Sodium 371 mg
Potassium 1,330 mg
Glucose 38 g
Food fiber 0 g
Sugar 38 g
Protein 26 g
Vitamin A 934 IU Vitamin C 8.6 mg
Calcium 912 mg Iron 0.5 mg
Vitamin D 20 IU Vitamin B6 0.3 mg
Cyanocobalamin 3.2 μg Magnesium 85 mg.
The cream of milk
Nutritional science provides the most convenient compositions of
standardized, homogenized and pasteurized milks for normal people, and
people suffering from some dysfunction. A daily dose of any of these milks
will therefore be more than recommended. The components and amounts of

10. them can serve as a guide to establish the amounts of consumption of your
products, such as cream, butter, cheese, yogurt and others.
Cream of milk or cream:Is a substance of greasy consistency and white
or yellowish hue that is emulsified in freshly milked or raw milk, that is, in
the natural state and has not undergone any artificial process that eliminates
fatty elements. It consists mainly of globules of fat that are floating on the
surface of raw milk; this is why it is said to be a fat-in-water emulsion. This
layer can be seen leaving a certain amount of raw milk, without
homogenizing or skimming, in a container: you can see how a thin layer
takes shape on the surface. It should not be confused with the cream that is
observed when boiling the milk, with which it does not have to see.
Cheese whey:
Milk is the most complex food in nature because it must contain all the
nutrients to help a newborn survive and thrive. It is a great source of
protein, especially whey and casein. Manufacturers use casein to make
cheese and process whey - a by-product of cheese making - into protein
powders. Whey powder is full of essential amino acids, but its processing
can cause a loss of beneficial compounds like minerals, bioactive peptides
and immunoglobulins.
Péptidos bioactivos
Proteins and amino acids
Inmunoglobulinas.
Característicasdel producto o servicio
Product or service characteristics
EXPOLACTEOS LTDA
Foda Analysis: This is a methodology to study the competitive situation of
the dairy company in its market (external situation) and the internal
characteristics (internal situation) of the company, in order to determine its
weaknesses, opportunities, strengths and threats. The internal situation

11. consists of two controllable factors: strengths and weaknesses, while the
external situation consists of two uncontrollable factors: opportunities and
threats.
LACTEOS:
Strengths:
 It is the best contribution of calcium, proteins and other nutrients
necessary for the formation of bones and teeth.
 Enriched with vitamins A, C and D.
 They are directed to all people who are during the stage of
childhood, adolescence and adulthood. (All ages)
 Displayed on various types of packaging, packaging, etc. To meet
the needs of customers.
Improvement opportunities:
 Increased consumption of diversified dairy products with higher
added value.
 Increase in dairy consumption by food assistance and social
compensation programs.
 Existence of important habitual consumption in people.
 Access to all external markets that demand diversified dairy
products.
Weaknesses:
 Traditional agro industrial processing of dairy products.
 Reduced added value of processed dairy products.
 Informality and high cost of commercialization of dairy products.
 Intensive production systems with high costs.
Threats:
 Occurrence of natural phenomena such as El Niño, friajes, droughts
and others.
 Deficientes Poor communication systems that hamper marketing,
services and others.
 Introduction of bacteria in raw materials, and products in process.

12. Funciones del producto o servicio
Functions of the product or service
 Ingredients and dairy foods play a major cultural and nutrient
delivery role in the daily diets of people around the world.
 Regardless of whether they are considered a traditional food or a new
addition to regional preferences, dairy products offer obvious
benefits to people of all ages. Some of the benefits are as follows:
 Dairy foods and dairy ingredients provide many essential nutrients,
including protein, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin B12,
riboflavin, nicotinic acid, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium.
 Milk, cheese and yogurt are fundamental aspects of healthy dietary
patterns and dietary guidance recommendations in many countries.
 Dairy ingredients such as milk and whey proteins support healthy
diets and are found in dairy-based beverages, yogurt, nutritional and
energy bars, ready-to-eat beverages, oatmeal, snacks and powder for
smoothies and milkshakes (Smoothies).
 Dairy foods and dairy ingredients provide many essential nutrients,
including protein, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin B12,
riboflavin, nicotinic acid, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium.
Milk, cheese and yogurt are fundamental aspects of healthy dietary
patterns and dietary guidance recommendations in many countries.
Dairy ingredients such as milk and whey proteins support healthy
diets and are found in dairy-based beverages, yogurt, nutritional and
energy bars, ready-to-eat beverages, oatmeal, snacks and powder for
smoothies and smoothies ) Homemade.
Benefits of dairy foods: Health benefits such as calcium and vitamin D
offered by dairy foods to growing children are well known. However,
the health and nutrition benefits offered by this type of food extend
beyond childhood and are important for adults of all ages. According to
research, consumption of dairy foods (including milk, cheese and
yogurt) offers the following benefits:

13.  Mejora la salud ósea general de los adultos.7
 Puede ayudar a reducir el riesgo de alta presión sanguínea en
diferentes poblaciones.8
 Puede ayudar a reducir el riesgo de sufrir una enfermedad
cardiovascular (ECV), una enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) o un
infarto cerebral en diferentes poblaciones.9
 Se asocia con la reducción del riesgo de diabetes tipo 2.10
 Mejora la salud ósea general de los adultos.7 Puede ayudar a reducir
el riesgo de alta presión sanguínea en diferentes poblaciones.8 Puede
ayudar a reducir el riesgo de sufrir una enfermedad cardiovascular
(ECV), una enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) o un infarto
cerebral en diferentes poblaciones.9 Se asocia con la reducción del
riesgo de diabetes tipo 2.10
Market Competence
Investiguen sobredos productoso servicios de la competencia.
Investigate two competing products or services.
Competencia “Alpina”
Competition "Alpina"
Productos
1) Queso Campesino
2) Leche Entera Alpina
PeasantCheese:
Queso Campesino is a variety of fresh cheese, obtained by the coagulation
of pasteurized whole milk, that is to say, that has been taken to high
temperatures to eliminate those undesirable microorganisms in the food.
Once the rennet is obtained, it is drained, molded and pressed to remove
excess water and packed to protect it and preserve its freshness
characteristics.

14. It is a fresh and white cheese, of compact but soft consistency; it is part of
the cheeses that accompany the daily food. The peasant cheese conserves a
greater quantity of liquid, compared with other varieties since in its
elaboration it is not carried to cooking or maturation which allows that
conserves more water inside.
Queso Campesino is a dairy product which naturally provides proteins and
fats. Fats are part of the structure of cells, help maintain body temperature
and favor the absorption of vitamins such as A and D.
Queso Campesino is a variety of fresh cheese, obtained by the coagulation
of pasteurized whole milk, that is to say, that has been taken to high
temperatures to eliminate those undesirable microorganisms in the food.
Once the rennet is obtained, it is drained, molded and pressed to remove
excess water and packed to protect it and preserve its freshness
characteristics. It is a fresh and white cheese, of compact but soft
consistency; it is part of the cheeses that accompany the daily food. The
peasant cheese conserves a greater quantity of liquid, compared with other
varieties since in its elaboration it is not carried to cooking or maturation
which allows that conserves more water inside. Queso Campesino is a
dairy product which naturally provides proteins and fats. Fats are part of
the structure of cells, help maintain body temperature and favor the
absorption of vitamins such as A and D.
Whole Alpine Milk:
Alpina has created special milk for every need, that's why we are the milk
specialists. In addition, our milks are ultra-high temperature, long life.
The nutritional needs of each individual differ according to their age,
physiological state, health status, gender and other environmental factors;
therefore, there is a great diversity of milks for each one. Alpina's
technological processes have been focused on modifying one or more
ingredients of milk, and are classified as follows:
Alpina has created special milk for every need, that's why we are the milk
specialists. In addition, our milks are ultra-high temperature, long life. The

15. nutritional needs of each individual differ according to their age,
physiological state, health status, gender and other environmental factors;
therefore, there is a great diversity of milks for each one. Alpina's
technological processes have been focused on modifying one or more
ingredients of milk, and are classified as follows:
 Whole Alpine Milk.
 Semi-skillet Alpine Milk.
 Alpine Creamy Milk.
 Alpine DeLactosed Milk.
 Deflated Milk Dehydrated
Determinen diez características para evaluar con su producto o servicio.
Determine ten characteristicsto evaluate with your product or service.
Alpina "Features”
The study of consumer behavior and the knowledge of their needs and
desires is a basic question and a starting point for effective implementation
of marketing actions.
 Consumers are the people who consume our good or service and that
is why we reflect characteristics different from those of our
competencies to satisfy the needs of our customers.
 Our modern dairy Company is characterized mainly by its efficiency
and the customers are at the center of its decision-making.
 From the point of view of marketing and in a simple and generalized
way, the consumer is considered as "the king" why in some way the
company has to cover their needs in a process of constant adaptation
as a result of advances and expectations.
 The concept of organizational marketing emphasizes that profitable
marketing begins with the discovery and understanding of the needs
of consumers; subsequently develops a marketing mix to meet those
needs and expectations.

16.  Fortunately, it has urged a theory of consumer behavior that allows
us to accurately determine the requirements, and requirements for the
improvement of our products and services.
 It is also important to note that the vast majority of marketing
concepts and opinions have been taken from our socially responsible
products and services, such as sociology, psychology and economics,
which must be integrated and analyzed together to understand The
behavior of consumers.
 A very important feature of our service is to gather and analyze
information about the customers we want to reach, called the target
market.
 The introduction of a new product or service
 The most appropriate distribution channels for the product
 The necessary changes of our characteristics for the improvement of
the provision of our services, and the manufacture and distribution of
our dairy products to customer satisfaction.
Comparen los productos a través de un Product Report.
Establezcan las ventajas y desventajas de su producto o servicio con
relación a la Competencia.
Entornos y variables macroeconómicas del mercado
Market environment and macroeconomic variables the dynamics of the
markets, depending on the logistical requirements of each
The actors that make up the network, determines the business logistics
processes, according to With the evolution of the economic sector, national
and international economic policies, Constraints, economics and
commercial expectations in the general context Or specific to a sector of
interest.
These elements that influence the logistic processes are input for decision
making in the development of policies for the supply, production and
marketing of According to market behavior.

17. Entorno económico actual
Current economic environment
The economic environment is framed by the globalization of markets and is
characterized by accelerated changes in the function of short times, product
life cycles, innovation and the requirement of consumption.
Given the economic trends and the openness of countries to
internationalization, companies or organizations establish new ways of
responding to market demands, due to the behavior of supply and demand
of products, through Strategic alliances and value-added networks with a
win-win policy
In this way, companies become aware of the need to manage through open
business structures, in order to achieve optimization of resources,
automation of operations and competitiveness in the market.
Likewise, the production and practice of logistics are mediated by the
strength of human capital. The qualification of this capital takes importance
as an economic variable for the economic development of the company,
driven by the design and implementation of improvement plans for its
strengthening and development of competences for life.
Currently, companies work on integrated supply chain management
planning, with which they plan to lower costs and reduce times, according
to demand demand.
A representative example is the concern of organizations to eliminate levels
of waste as it becomes an unused inventory that affects profitability.
Advances in information and communication technology support the
interaction of actors in the logistics network and the recording of flows
related to the negotiation. These actions are favored by these technological
advances that contribute: networks of communication, social networks,
technological networks, business networks and marketing.
Logistics as a cross-cutting activity, a basis for meeting business objectives
and structured to analyze the flow of materials, energy, money and
information, has the information sciences that permanently explore

18. strategies to guarantee decision making, according to The behavior of the
data specific to each activity. There is various software and theories, from
this premise, that support these requirements, as can be observed ASI:
Sistemas de
información
Nombre Utilidades
MPR Material Requirement
Planning
“Planificación de los
requerimientos de
material:
El objetivo principal de
estos sistemas es
controlar el proceso de
producción en
empresas cuya
actividad se desarrolla
en un entorno de
fabricación” (Flórez,
2008).
CRP
Continuous
Replenishment
Planning
“Planificación de
reaprovisionamiento
continuo:
un programa
que activa la
fabricación y
movimiento de
producto
a través de la cadena de
suministro cuando un
producto
Idéntico se compra por
un usuario final”
(García s.f).
CPFR
Continuous Planning
Forecasting &
Planeamiento
participativo,
pronóstico, y
reabastecimiento:
cadena de tratamiento
de la información para
comparar

19. Replenishment
la demanda o las
previsiones de ventas
del revendedor
Frente a las propias
previsiones del
fabricante, entre otros.
PERT Y CPM
Diagrama de
Gantt
Program Evaluation and
Review Technique Critical
Path Method
Técnica de revisión y
evaluación de
programas y método
de la ruta crítica:
sirve para
complementar el
diseño de
Los procesos
logísticos. Esta
herramienta presenta la
ruta
crítica, es decir, el
mínimo tiempo de
duración para todas
las actividades del
proceso que puede
llevar a cabo por
Medio del uso del
programa Project.
Software ERP Enterprise Resource
Planning
Sistemas de
planificación de
recursos
empresariales:
registra
actividades,
seguimiento y genera
los documentos
comerciales que
forman parte de un
proceso
“Alimentado por
código de barras EPC y
su relación con el

20. RFID
Radio Frequency
IDentification
Etiqueta de
identificación
por radiofrecuencia
chip RFID: han sido
diseñados para
ambientes industriales,
actuando como base de
datos portables,
permitiendo
el acceso a
información, así como
la posibilidad de su
modificación
En cualquier punto”.
(Foro de seguridad.
s.f).
The importance of these information systems lies in the fact that the
economic environment on which the company operates is precisely
oriented towards competitiveness from the integrated management of
information resulting from the operations of the supply chain and,
therefore, , Requires the planning of the logistic processes supported.
In the behavior of this information, in order to define the activities,
resources, times and costs that allow the satisfaction of the requirements in
quality, quantity and price of the requirements of the market demand.
The importance of these information systems lies in the fact that the
economic environment on which the company operates is precisely
oriented towards competitiveness from the integrated management of
information resulting from the operations of the supply chain and,
therefore, , Requires the planning of the logistic processes supported
In the behavior of this information, in order to define the activities,
resources, times and costs that allow the satisfaction of the requirements in
quality, quantity and price of the requirements of the market demand.
La importancia de estos sistemas de información reside en qué el entorno
económico, sobre el cual se desarrolla la empresa, está orientado
precisamente a la competitividad desde la gestión integrada de la

21. información que resulta de las operaciones de la cadena de abastecimiento
y, por lo tanto, Exige la planeación de los procesos logísticos soportada,
En el comportamiento de esta información, una definición de las
actividades, los recursos, los tiempos y los costos que permiten la
satisfacción de las exigencias en la calidad, la cantidad y el precio de los
requisitos de la demanda del mercado.
ESTRUCTURAS RELACIONADAS ACTORES POTENCIALES PROCESOS INTERNOS
Typical Structures
In management
Business
Department
Commercial and marketing
 Proveedores.
 Centros de
distribución.
 Almacenes.
 centrales,
 nacionales,
regionales .locales,
 De tránsito.
 Puntos deventa.
 Clientes.
 Diferente
warehouses
 Production
Departamento
 Dept. Technical
 Logistics
department
 Distribution
 Order Process
Inventories
 Information
systems
 Procurement
 of production
 Engineering and
design
 Order capture
 Sales forecast
 Transportation and
distribution
Material
management
 Stock management
 Other
Actividadeslogísticas
dispersas
Departamento financiero,
Departamento de
producción,
Departamento comercial.
 Proveedores.
 Centros de
distribución.
 Almacenes.
 centrales,
 nacionales,
regionales .locales,
 De tránsito.
 Puntos de venta.
 Clientes.
Organiza-ción
logística por
funciones
Departamento financiero,
Departamento de
producción y comercial
 Proveedores.
 Centros de
distribución.
 Almacenes.
 centrales,

22.  nacionales,
regionales .locales,
 De tránsito.
 Puntos deventa.
 Clientes.
Departa-mento de
logística desde el primer
nivel
Gestión Servicio
GestiónServicio a clientes
planificacion
Red originada por
el de actividades
y materiales
En planta. Se constituye en la logística
With the development of free trade, countries assume an economic
approach based on the analysis of the variables or elements of change that
affect their economies. Their studies are based on Macroeconomics with
which they manage to make an assessment of the global economic behavior
of the market, from the analysis of the potential resources with which they
define the goods and services produced income, price behavior, levels
Employment and productive resources. Thus, and based on these studies,
governments make decisions to boost the growth of their economy Internal
market, promote employment, stabilize the balance of payments and the
balance of payments. Therefore, entrepreneurs observe a future and
possibilities of negotiation and exchange with economic, social and
environmental benefit to each othe.

23. Structural Design of the Logistics Network
Concepts
Strategic:
Long-term planning horizon and involving large investments.
Quantity, capacity, location and function of the facilities (warehouses,
plants) of the network.
Tácticas:
Horizon from 3 to 12 months.
Production planning, material procurement, inventory policies,
transportation strategies.
Operational:
Daily Horizon.
Sequencing production, routing vehicles, quote times of delivery.

24. Determinen la excelencia de su producto o servicio.
Traceability of products: Traceability is the set of actions, measures and
procedures that allows identifying and recording each element that has
been focused on an established functional system, from the beginning to
the end of the production chain. In this way, traceability allows tracing all
processes and gives the producer results that can lead to improve and
strengthen their procedures, always interacting with the main customers,
improving their requests or requests. In this regard, Wanscoor (2008) states
that "the set of recorded information allows us to have a detailed
knowledge, immediate or a posteriori, that supports analysis, decision
making, control, etc." (p.13).En la cadena de producción de una
organización o empresa, intervienen distintos agentes indispensables a
The time to carry out a traceability process:
producer Wholesaler / Exporter
It is the person or company that
Makes a product or provides
A service.
It is one of the intermediaries
Between producer and consumer
Final, which deals with quantities
With the rest of the
Next chain customers.
Minorista Consumidor
It is dedicated to buying large quantities
of product through a wholesaler.
However, it sells individual units or small
quantities to the general public. They can
be found in stores, malls, etc.
They are the people or
organizations that require the
demand for goods and services
offered by a producer, wholesaler
or retailer.

25. 3. Tipos de trazabilidad
3. Types of traceability
Traceability from behind:
Trazabilidad desde atrás
Traceability from the back allows collecting information on suppliers,
inputs received and delivery dates. It is important that the supplier provides
data such as quantity, lot, variety,
Silo of destination, date of expiration, etc., of the input delivered (Alonso
& Grocin, 2006).
Through this type of traceability, an organization or company can evaluate
the efficiency of suppliers and their supplies, which allows a more refined
selection of these, while requiring a better quality and price.
Internal Traceability
This type of traceability controls the production processes of the company.
It is related from the beginning of production and is formalized according
to internal processes. Each company has a particular way of carrying out
traceability; the important thing here is to observe record and evaluate all
the components and activities of the production chain (Alonso & Grocin,
2006).
The elements that must be taken into account in an internal traceability
process are the following:
It is dedicated to buying large quantities
of product through a wholesaler.
However, it sells individual units or small
quantities to the general public. They can
be found in stores, malls, etc.

26. Internal Traceability
Labor: it is the physical and mental effort that is oriented to the service of
the execution of a task. Together
To this concept is the one of processors, that is to say, the person or
company that through its work elaborates or
Transform a product, or provide a service.
Method: Is a functional structure that indicates how the product will be
transformed.
MATERIALES
MANO DE
OBRA
METODO ENTORNO
MAQUINAS

27. Materials: Raw material used for the processing or processing of a
product. Raw materials that have been processed but do not yet constitute a
consumer good are called.
Semi-finished products, semi-finished or in process, or materials, such as,
for example, Oil products, tires, shoe soles, polymer components.
Environment: defined as the geographic location where the product
transformation task will be performed.
Machines: tools for the transformation of raw material to finished product.
Forward Traceability:
It is the traceability focused on the customer. It relates to the registration of
buyers, places (location), products, quantity dispatched, their regularity
with application times and quantities, as this helps to identify and retain
large potential customers and their needs (Alonso & Grocin, 2006).
It must be taken into account that, depending on the activity, the type of
traceability that corresponds or is required must be incorporated. In this
sense, companies have implemented customer service to evaluate and
improve their products or services. Some modalities of this service are
explained below:
After Sales Service: It is the most important tool in the customer support
service, because it affirms and
Loyalty: while allowing you to know your experience with the product or
service.
After Sales Service:
It is the most important tool in the customer support service, because it
affirms and fosters it, as long as it allows knowing its experience with the
product or service.
Home delivery: This service is an added value that many companies are
implementing and has been well received, since the customer avoids

28. traveling to make purchases that do not involve factors with complex
characteristics.
The most interesting thing about this service is to be able to offer the
customer the products in an efficient and effective way, avoiding errors,
reflected in the loss of money or time. Example of this service is the home
delivery of primary characteristics: restaurants, entertainment tickets,
drugstore, among others.
Telephone support: In the industrial sector as well as in the services sector,
there are more and more companies that have telephone assistance to
resolve any type of consultation or procedure.
Likewise, in the forward traceability it is necessary to take into account the
following elements that intervene in the chain of distribution and delivery
of the product to the customer.
Transportation: It is the transfer of a product to the production centers or
points of sale.
Distribution center, Cedi: Adequate infrastructure for internal logistics
processes related to product distribution, majeure for retail or wholesale. It
is constituted by one or more warehouses, suitable for its best performance,
sometimes with the best technology to avoid errors, but in constant
vigilance by the personnel in charge, for the handling of merchandise,
gates, ramps or other Responsibility for good management of the
Points of sale: Physical spacewhere the products to be offered are suitable,
whether goods or services for sale to the public. These are also called
premises, shops, merchant establishment or trading booth.
Documents required in traceability:
Una forma eficiente de llevar a cabo el proceso de trazabilidad en una
empresa es explicar la secuencia de cada uno de los documentos que
participan en una transacción, por cuanto aportan información relacionada
al conjunto de funciones de la cadena de producción.

29. Here are some of these documents:
Proof of Receipt of Goods: Document, with which the storer or person in
charge receives the goods from the supplier, verifies their entry and
documents it according to its characteristic, in the greatest possible detail.
Goods receipts and exits are documented as an account of products not
manufactured by the company and must be filed to maintain an
organization in the raw material.
Purchase Order: There are two relationships with respect to the purchase
order. The first one as proof of the merchandise that has been requested,
which is used to know the type of expense and its value. The second is a
support for the seller, because with this document allows you to prepare the
order and trace the invoice once it has been specified and accepted the
order for your customer.
The pharmaceutical industry maintains very demanding precepts about the
process of traceability in each of the production and distribution phases,
due to the damages and risks that can present the consumers of its products
and, therefore, the business affections that would entail the disappearance
tion of the mark or the laboratory.
Thanks to the electronic components, there have been ways to give
confidence to the pharmaceutical market. In that sense, regulations and
codes are established that inform on the data corresponding to the content,
improving the reputation of the product and the company.
This makes it possible to sensitize the client to the importance of knowing
the risk factors, leading him to establish communication with the company,
either by means of a virtual, telephone or other means, to corroborate the
authenticity of the product if he doubted at some point same.

30. Traceability is a complete registration and evaluation process,
encompassing activities prior to production, product generation,
distribution and consumption. In this way, traceability becomes an
indispensable task to achieve quality in production, the good reputation of a
service and product and, consequently, a greater economic profitability.
Analysis of the market environment:
The dynamics of the markets, according to the logistical requirements of
each of the actors that make up the network, determines the business
logistical processes, in accordance with the evolution of the economic
sector, national and international economic policies, Constraints,
economics and commercial expectations in the general or specific context
of a sector of interest.
These elements that influence the logistic processes are an input for
decision-making in the development of policies of supply, production and
commercialization of the companies according to the behavior of the
markets
.

31. Openness and human capital: In this way, companies become aware of the
need to manage through open business structures, in order to achieve
optimization of resources, automation of operations and competitiveness in
the market.
Likewise, the production and practice of logistics is mediated by the
strength of human capital. The qualification of this capital takes importance
as an economic variable for the economic development of the company,
driven by the design and implementation of improvement plans for its
strengthening and development of life skills.
At present, companies work on integrated supply chain management
planning, with which they plan to reduce costs and reduce times, according
to demand.
A representative example is the concern of organizations to eliminate levels
of waste as it becomes an unused inventory that affects profitability.
Advances in information and communication technology support the
interaction of the actors in the logistics network and the recording of flows
related to the negotiation. These actions are favored by these technological
advances that contribute: co-innovation networks, social networks,
technological networks, business and marketing networks.
Logistics as a cross-cutting activity, a basis for meeting business objectives
and structured to analyze the flow of materials, energy, money and
information, relies on information sciences that continuously explore
strategies to ensure decision-making, According to the behavior of the data
specific to each activity. There are various software and theories, from this
premise, that support these requirements.
Towards an Internal Institutional Communication Plan
An organization is product of the confluence of several dimensions: its
objectives, the organizational mechanisms and the economic one. The
Communication crosses across the institution in all its dimensions.
As a result, we can recognize various areas of communication in
organizations: Scope of information: it is composed of norms and data that
allow the organization functions according to the defined objective.

32. Scope of divulgation: are the novelties and elements that seek to capture
people, convince them, persuade them and add their will to the purposes of
the organization. Bulletins, publications, are some of the elements that can
be implemented.
Scope of training and socialization: aims to explicitly reinforce the
institutional culture. Within this framework, training activities, recreational
activities and celebrations are inserted.
Scope of participation: it is the participation destined for each one to
express him to give him the floor and to offer him the recognition. It
can include teamwork, recognition of initiatives, suggestions and proposals.
A Plan includes in itself to communicate the vision, the objectives, and
the valuesof the organization. For its development and execution
previously it is necessary to count on the political decision of the maximum
authority but will remain in a drawer and the effort will have been in vain.

33. Internal communication:
Internal
communication
Verbal
Communicati
on
Newspaper
Communicatio
n
Written
Communicatio
n
Communicatio
n with Agency
Communicatio
n E-mail
Telephone
communicatio
n
Mobile
Communicatio
n
Social
Communicati
on

34. External operational communication. It is used for the daily development of
the activity of the company, and is the most important to know since it is
the one that carries all external public communications of the company,
both with suppliers, customers, competitors, administrations, etc.
External communication of notoriety. It wants to make known to the
company, both in improving the image and giving concoer the products. It
is the one in charge of the promotion, marketing, publicity, sponsorships
and other activities that make the company known abroad.
All these forms of external communication seek the same objective and is
to watch over the common good of everything that makes up the company,
giving it to know in every way and giving it to promote so that it obtains an
external image that is the one that wants to give to understand. Usually all
the actions of external communication are given, although not all at the
same moment. It is very important not to neglect any field of action, but
above all to always communicate.
Diagram:

35. Communication External
Communicat
ion
Clientes
Communica
tion
Suppliers
Communica
tion
Servicie
users
Communicat
ion
Manufactur
ers
Communica
tion
Distributors
Communicat
ion
Consumers
Communicat
ion
Transporters
Communica
tion
financial
resources
Communicatio
n External
Logistic
Operators

37. Investiguen sobre al menos dos proveedores para suplir y distribuir con
materias
Primas o servicios sus compañías.
Establezcan diez características para evaluar los proveedores y
distribuidores.
Comparen los proveedores y distribuidores de su producto o servicio.
Seleccionen al mejor proveedor y distribuidor para su producto o servicio.
Justifiquen la selección del proveedor o distribuidor.