GRAMMAR

1. Must, Have to, Should
Obligation /
Necessity
General, external (rules,
laws)
HAVE TO
Specific, personal MUST
No obligation DON’T HAVE TO
Prohibition MUSTN’T
Advice
SHOULD /
SHOULDN’T
Strong recommendations HAVE TO / MUST
Notes:
1. Have got to (spoken) = Have to
2. Should (not) = Ought (not) to
3. Must (mustn’t), Should (not), Ought (not) to are the same for
all subjects.

2. Where are you?
 Work in groups.
 Each group chooses a person to go to the
front of the class, backward to the board.
 Teacher will show 3 places on the board for
each group. The team members need to
explain that place to the chosen one using
MUST, MUSTN’T, (DON’T) HAVE TO,
SHOULD (NOT) or CAN (CAN’T). Remember
not to mention the place in your explanation.
 The group with the shortest time used wins.

3. Example
 The secret place: in an airplane
 Your possible explanations:
 You must have a ticket.
 You can listen to music or watch a movie.
 You don’t have to stay in your seat all the times.
 You can have jet lag after being in this place.

4. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 1
 In a bus

5. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 1
 In a bar

6. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 1
 In Paris

7. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 2
 In New York

8. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 2
 In a taxi

9. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 2
 In a stadium

10. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 3
 In an office

11. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 3
 In London

12. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 3
 In a train

13. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 4
 In a subway

14. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 4
 In Rome

15. Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 4
 In a park

16. Your dream city
 Work in groups.
 Imagine that you are the leaders of a dream
city of your own.
 Discuss and set up the rules, laws and
suitable manners for your city. Remember to
use SHOULD (NOT), (DON’T) HAVE TO or
MUST (MUSTN’T). You have about 10 mins
for your discussion.
 Then present your rules, laws and manners to
the whole class. You have about 3 mins for
your presentation.

17. What should I do?
 Work in groups.
 Discuss in your group to create a dilemma (a very
difficult situation). ONLY provide the dilemma, not
solutions.
 Then Teacher will swap the dilemmas around so
that you can receive a situation from a different
group. Discuss with your group again to find out a
solution. Then present your solution in front of the
class using SHOULD (NOT), (DON’T) HAVE TO
or MUST (MUSTN’T). Other teams may also
contribute their ideas.
 Unlimited topics.

18. Example
 Possible situation: I am 26 and I have a new
boyfriend. My mum doesn’t like him at all. She
says he is too old for me (by the way, he is
42). Yet, he is the best thing for me now. He is
kind, understanding, and although he has two
children with his first wife, I get on well with
them. What should I do?