nombres forulas quimicas

1. Chemical Names and
Formulas
Overview
•Metals and Non-Metals
•Ions and Ionic Charges
•Types of Compounds
•Systematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas

2. Naming Compounds Tutorial
 General Information
 Binary Ionic Compounds
 Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions
 Naming w/metals that have more than 1
charge (Transition Metals)
 Molecular Compounds
 Naming Acids

3. Metals and Nonmetals
 Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table
 C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non-
metals
 B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi-
metals
 All others are metals

4. Ions
 Cations
Positively
Charged
Atoms
 i.e. Na
+
 Anions
Negatively
Charged
Atoms
 i.e. Cl
-

5. IONIC CHARGES
 Group I ->
 Group II ->
 Group III ->
 Group IV ->
1+
2+
3+
4+

6. IONIC CHARGES
 Group V ->
 Group VI ->
 Group VII ->
 Group VIII ->
3-
2-
1-
Noble Gases

7. TYPES OF COMPOUNDS
Ionic Compounds
• composed of positive and
negative ions.
• usually formed from a metal and
non-metal.
• these elements are not attached
to one another.

8. TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
Ionic Compounds con’t
• Examples
NaCl
CaBr2
KI

9. CHEMICAL FORMULAS
 Definition
• shows the kind and numbers of
atoms in the smallest
representative unit of the
substance.
 i. e.
NaCl

10. IONIC COMPOUNDS
 A formula unit is the lowest
whole number ratio of ions in an
ionic compound.
 i.e. Na2Cl2 -> NaCl
 There is no such thing as a
molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!

11. IONIC COMPOUNDS
 If charges cancel, just write the symbols
Na+1 Cl-1 NaCl
 If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:
Ca+2 Cl-1 CaCl2
***Do not move the charge, only the
number
***Do not write the 1

12. NAMING
COMPOUNDS
 Your ability to name compounds
and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.

13. BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Binary means 2 elements
 Ionic means a metal and a non-
metal (or cation and anion)
 Writing Formulas
• charges must balance so
compound charge is neutral.

14. BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
Writing Formulas from Names
• 1st word = CATION
• 2nd word = ANION name
with ide ending.

15. BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 NaBr
 MgF2
Sodium
Bromide
Magnesium
Fluoride

16. BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Potassium
Chloride
 Aluminum
Oxide
• notice ending
of name is ide!
K+Cl- -> KCl
Al2
3+O3
2- ->
Al2O3

17. Polyatomic Ions
Definition
•tightly bound groups of
atoms that behave as a unit
and carry a charge.
Example
SO3
2-
, NO2
-, ClO2
-

18. TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
Ternary means 3 different
elements
Usually contain Poly-atomic
Ions
Ionic means cation and anion

19. TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS:Writing
Formulas
Ca2+CO3
2-
CaCO3
Charges canceled.
Just write the symbols
Calcium
Carbonate

20. TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Naming
Calcium
Nitrate
Notice the charges didn’t
cancel so they criss crossed
Ca+2 (NO3)-1
Ca(NO3)2

21. Naming with Transition
Metals
 First word = CATION
 Second word = ANION
–The Roman numeral will tell you the
charge of the transition metal
–Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s
charge is +1

22. Naming Transition
Metals
Copper (I)
Oxide
Cu+1 O-2
Cu2O

23. Writing Formulas with
Transition Metals
FeCl3
Fe+3 Cl-1
FeCl2
Fe+2 Cl-1
Iron (III)
Chloride
Iron (II)
Chloride
*Backwards criss-cross to know the charge/Roman numeral

24. TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds
• composed of molecules in
which elements share
electrons.
• usually composed of 2
nonmetals.
• these elements are attached

25. MOLECULAR
FORMULA
 Definition
• shows the numbers and
kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.
 i. e.
CO

26. TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds con’t
•Examples
CS2
SiO2
BF3

27. BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDS
Binary means 2 elements
Molecular means 2 non-
metals
NO ionic charges are
present

28. Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
Prefixes are used to show how
many atoms are present in each
molecule.

29. Covalent Prefixes
 Mono (or no prefix) –
1
 Di – 2
 Tri – 3
 Tetra – 4
 Penta – 5
 Hexa – 6
 Hepta – 7
 Octa – 8
 Nona – 9
 Deca – 10

30. Writing Binary
Molecular Compounds
CO2
•no mono
prefix is used
on first element
Carbon
Dioxide
• Di means 2
oxygens!!

31. Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
2 ways it’s done!
• (prefix + element name)
i.e. N2O
dinitrogen monoxide

32. Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
• (prefix + element root + ide)
i.e. PCl3
Phosphorous
Trichloride
All binary compounds end in
ide!!!