Introduction to Philosophy

1. What is Philosophy?

2. Philosophy
• Is derived from two Greek words "philia" and "sophia" the former means
"LOVE" and the latter means "WISDOM"
• The literal meaning, thus, of Philosophy is "LOVE OF WISDOM"
• The term probably coined by Phythagoras of Croton the man behind the
"pythagorean theorem"

3. Philosophy
• is a way of thinking about the world, universe, and society. It
works by asking very basic questions about the nature of human
thought.
• Philosophy often general and abstract
• Also the study of fundamental nature of knowledge, reality,
existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline

4. Philosophers
• Aristotle (c. 384-322 BCE)
• Thales (c. 624-546 BCE)
• Empedocles (c. 490-330 BCE)
• Democritus (c. 460-370 BCE)
• Heraclitus (c. 535-475 BCE)
• Pythagoras (c. 570-495 BCE)

5. Philosophy of Life
• Two senses in which the term philosophy is used: a
formal and an informal sense.
• in the formal sense philosophy is an academic study of
the fields of aesthetics, ethics, epistemology, logic,
metaphysics, social, and political philosophy

6. Philosophy of Life
• Philosophy in informal sense, as a personal philosopy, whose
focus in resolving the existential questions about human
condition.
• existential questions such as, "what is the meaning of life?" "why
are we here" "what is the meaing of existence"
• human condition: is "the characteristics, key events, and
situations which compose the essentials of human existence, such
as birth, growth, emotionality, aspiration, conflict, and mortality"

7. Key Question
• As a human being what is your Philosophy in Life?
• Can Philosophy help you to understand your existence in this world?

8. Goals of Philosophy
• Philosophy discovers the origin of Human Problem and look for the true
solutions and remidies to human sickness, whether physical or spiritual
(Montemayor, 1995)
• Philosophy searches for the meaning of life. philosophy is all about thinking
and reasoning. Through it, we will be able to understand the complexities of
life; and we will find that there is more to existence that doing our daily tasks.
"we will find that we can do something to make things better for all of us"
(Montemayor, 1995) Human persons are not here on earth just to eat, sleep,
work and play. Human person is like a task that needs to be fulfilled.

9. Goals of Philosophy
• Philosophy is all about being reasonable fo human
experience. In every action there is a corresponding
reaction. Philosophy explain why and how things happen.
We don't act on something without a reason.
• Philosophy leads to enlightenment and action; like
Buddha and Jesus. Philosophy does not only lead us to
what is 'true' but also to articulate or express or share the
truth to others.

10. Goal of Philosophy
• Philosophy is used at present to unify, synthesize,
universalize, interpret, and explain more profoundly the
vast quantity of factual but gradually, paricular, unrelated
findings, data, and information accumulated by the
modern sciences- for more comprehensive and universal
concept of the human person. (Montemayor, 1995) The
dicovery of computer makes work easier and faster, but
life is more than computers.

11. Goal of Philosophy
• Philosophy makes human person thinks incessantly about
the basic grounds of his beliefs in life, his knowledge and
his word view. It makes an individual inquire into the
reasons for what he accepts and does and into the
importance of his ideas and ideals in the hope that his
final convictions will change as a result of this
examination. (Zulueta, 2010)

12. SUMMATIVE QUIZ
Write TRUE if the statement is correct and F if the
sentence is wrong before the number.
____ 1. Philosophy provides backbone foe which the
human person understands his or her essence and
exixtence in the world.
____ 2. 'Philia' is the Greek word for 'love'
____ 3. All branches of learning come from
Philosophy.
____ 4. The principle od identity says that everything
we do must have adequate reason for doing it.

13. • ____ 5. All beings are unique and they have their
own function in the world.
• ____ 6. 'Sophia' is the word for affection.
• ____ 7. Philosophy is a way of questioning the
ultimate cause of all things by reason and faith.
• ____ 8. Philosophy is love of self-knowledge.
• ____ 9. Philosophy is used as a method for asking
questions with critical mind.
• ____ 10. Phytagoras, Aristotle, or Plato was a sage
before they were called philosophers.